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B. Create a web page that looks like the one shown here using the various text formatting tags you have learnt.
C. Create a web page that looks like the one shown here using the heading, paragraph, centre and line break tags. Include a green background image on the web page to show the effect of green environment.
For Teachers A. Discuss various elements covered in this chapter and their attributes. B. Demonstrate the effect of all the values of the align attribute of the
element. C. Demonstrate all the levels of the heading element with an example. D. Encourage students to create web pages using different font styles, colours and sizes.
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More on Internet Learning Objectives
Understanding Browser Using Search Engines Private Browsing Understanding Internet Address Using a Shared Drive
The Internet is an integral part of our daily life. Earlier, most people used internet only to send and receive emails. In today’s world, the Internet is a constantly evolving tool that not only contains an amazing variety of information, but also provides new ways of accessing content, interacting and connecting with people. The Internet is a worldwide network of millions of computers, connected to one another by telephone lines, cables and satellites. It’s like a huge library of information. To connect to the Internet you need an Internet Service Provider (ISP). Some of the Internet Service Providers are JIO, Airtel, BSNL, Vodafone, etc.
Web Browser If you want to view web pages on different websites, you will need to use a program called a web browser. A web browser is a software that enables users to navigate the internet. Today, Google Chrome and Firefox are the most popular web browsers. Other browsers include Internet Explorer, Safari, and Opera. Each one has its own look and feel, but they have the same goal, i.e. to display web pages and help you to access different websites.
Google Chrome
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Internet Explorer
Mozila Firefox
Opera
Safari
Navigating to a Website To get the most out of your web browser, there are some basic concepts you need to be familiar with.
Address Bar Browsers have an address bar that shows the web address (also called a URL) of the page you are on. If you wish to open a web page from a different website, you can type its address in the address bar and then press Enter key.
Navigation Buttons Sometimes, after you click on a link, you might want to go back to the previous page. You can do this using your browser’s Back button. Once you’ve pressed the Back button, you can press the Forward button to follow the link again.-When you use the Back and Forward buttons, your browser may use its web cache to display the page. The web cache stores recently viewed web pages so that they need not be downloaded again. In one way it is good because your browsing speed increases, but it may not give you the latest and updated information.
Refresh Button You can use the Refresh button to tell the browser to load the page again, in order to give you the most current information.
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Links Most of the time, you will go to a different page by clicking on a Link. A link, also called as hyperlink can be text or an image, usually formatted to stand out and be more prominent for you to notice. Sometimes, these text links are blue and also underlined.
Search Bar Some browsers have a built-in search bar for performing web searches. However, many browsers have combined the address bar and the search bar into a single bar where you can type web addresses or search terms.
Adding Bookmarks If you’ve found a page you’d like to visit later, you can add it to your bookmarks (sometimes called favorites). Bookmarks allow you to store the addresses of your favorite websites for quick access.
Browsing History Suppose you visited a webpage a few days ago but forgot to bookmark it. You can nd the page again by using the history button, which is a list of websites you’ve visited. Usually, pages will stay in the history for a certain number of days. To maintain privacy, you can delete your history at any time.
Tip Tip
The speed of the internet connection is usually measured in Mbps, or megabits per second. You will be able to download videos, pictures, music and other data faster when you have higher Mbps. Also, higher Mbps means that you can run more devices on the same connection simultaneously.
Search Engines With billions of web pages on the World Wide Web, you can nd the required information by using Search Engine. Search engines are specialized websites that help you to nd other websites on the Web. When the keywords are typed in the search eld, a list of websites related to it is displayed. There are numerous search engines on the World Wide Web, but the most popular ones are Google, Yahoo and Bing. Each one has its own unique features, but the process of performing a search is similar on each of these.
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Specialized Searches You can use a specialized search to search for a specic type of content. For example, if you do an image search, the specied search will nd and display the related images for you instead of nding links to pages that may or may not have relevant images. Generally, a search engine will include links at the top of the page to go to the specialized searches.
Private Browsing Most browsers have a tool option that allows you to browse in private. When in private browsing mode, the following information will not be saved by the browser: Pages you visit will not be recorded to your history or address bar. Cookies will be deleted at the end of the session. The cache that stores temporary Internet les will be emptied at the end of the session. Forms, search bars, and text boxes will not save the data you have entered, including passwords. Downloads listed in your download window or folder will be deleted, although the download itself will remain on your computer.
To access Private Browsing In Internet Explorer: Go to Internet Explorer Tutorial. Firefox: Go to Private Browsing. Google Chrome: Go to Incognito Mode.
Understanding Internet Address When you type a website address, you are really typing a URL (Uniform Resource Locator). A URL is the address for a le that is accessible on the Internet. The diagram below explains each part of a URL.
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HTTP: Hypertext transfer protocol is a set of rules or protocols that computers use to exchange the information on the internet.
WWW: World Wide Web is the prex used for all Internet addresses. Domain Name: Domain name is usually the full or abbreviated name of the company /organization. It tells the web browser as to which web server it should point to. The server is referred to as a DNS (Domain Name Server).
Domain Type: It is the code following the period that usually species the type of organization sponsoring the website. While there are many domain extensions, the most popular are .com, .co.in, .org, .net, .edu, .biz.
Country Code: Not all domains end in .com, .org, or .edu. Different countries use different sufxes, usually two letters like .in represent India, .us represent United States etc.
Slash: The slash(/) is used for separating different levels of folders or directories within a website.
Directory or Folder Name: Similar to folders on computer hard drives. Website folders (or directories) are used for helping organize pages within a website.
File Extension: The le extension identies specic pages within a website.
Cloud Storage These days the concept of cloud storage is very popular. Cloud storage is a service model in which data is maintained, managed and backed up remotely and made available to users over the Internet.
Advantages of Cloud Storage File Accessibility: Files stored in the cloud can be accessed at any time at any place if you have internet access. Share Ability and Collaboration: Files stored in the cloud can easily be shared with others. No duplicate copies of the le need to be maintained. Any changes made to the original le can easily be seen by others. Reliability: Cloud storage provides individuals and organizations with remote backups of data. So, the chances of data getting lost are minimized.
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Reduced Costs: Since the data is being maintained remotely, overall storage cost is reduced as the expenditure to purchase, manage and maintain expensive hardware is not incurred. Collaboration: Online cloud storage is also an ideal platform for collaboration purposes. A cloud environment enables multiple people to access, edit and collaborate on a single le or document. People can access the cloud environment from anywhere in the world and collaborate in real time.
Functions of Cloud Storage Cloud storage provides access to your les across many devices. Amazon Cloud Drive, Apple’s iCloud Box, Dropbox, Google Drive, and SkyDrive are among the many options that consumers consider for cloud storage. Synchronize Files: Dropbox, Google Drive, and SkyDrive place a folder on your computer with contents you can synchronize across multiple devices. Other providers allow you to upload les for storage online, and download them via a web app or mobile app. Write Documents: Google Drive and SkyDrive provide apps to edit documents online, and store them on the cloud. Backup Your Computer: Some companies such as Carbonite automatically copy computer les to the cloud, freeing users from performing backups themselves. This provides an added level of security, as les are stored safely on a remote server. Stream Music: You can play music and videos stored ofine (i.e., your computer or mobile devices) in places which are without internet access. Many people also store media les online, so as not to use up the limited internal storage available on mobile devices. Some music services support streaming music stored on the cloud to Android, iOS and other devices. Post Photos: Several options are available for uploading photos from a smartphone, laptop, or tablet to the cloud or publishing photos to media, sharing sites and online social networks. Play Games: Internet connected game consoles enable you to save games in progress. Because game information is stored on the cloud, you can continue playing where you left off.
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Cloud Storage Providers Cloud Storage Providers such as Dropbox, OneDrive and Google Drive that offer free storage space are very popular these days. They let you access les and data from any computer or mobile phone with Internet access.
Online Safety Remember the 5 SMART rules while using the internet. SAFE: Keep safe by not giving out personal information, such as your full name, email address, phone number, home address, photo or school name to people you are chatting with onlin. MEET: Meeting someone you have only been in touch with online can be dangerous. You can do so only with your parent’s or guardian’s permission. ACCEPTING: Accepting emails, messages, or opening les, pictures or text from people you don’t know or trust, can lead to problems. They may contain viruses or nasty messages. RELIABLE: Information you nd on the internet may not be true or someone online may not reveal, who he/she is. Before taking any step further, make sure to check the truth about the information you may have received. TELL: Inform your parent, guardian or a trusted adult if someone or something makes you feel uncomfortable or worried, or anyone known to you is being bullied online.
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If you don’t want to send the email then you can save it and send it later. The saved email is stored in the Draft. To save the message and store it in a draft, click on Save Now button. This button is available near the Send button.
QUICK REVIEW ►
The internet is a worldwide network of millions of computers, connected to one another by telephone lines, cables and satellites.
►
A web browser is a software that enables users to navigate the Internet.
►
Browsers have an address bar that shows the web address (also called a URL) of the page you are on.
►
A link, also called as hyperlink can be text or an image.
►
Some browsers have a built-in search bar for performing web searches.
►
Bookmarks allow you to store the address of your favorite websites for quick access.
►
Search engines are specialized websites that help you to nd other websites on the web.
►
A URL is the address for a le that is accessible on the internet.
►
Cloud storage is a service model in which data is maintained, managed and backed up remotely and made available to users over the Internet.
► A specialized search can be used to search for a specic type of content. ►
Cloud Storage Providers such as Dropbox, OneDrive and Google Drive that offer free storage space are very popular these days.
EXERCISES A Fill in the Blanks ISP | URL | Bookmarks | Dropbox | www 1.
_________________ are sometimes called as Favorites.
2.
________ is the prex for all internet addresses.
3.
To access the internet, we need a connection from an __________.
4.
The address of a web page on the internet is known as _________.
5.
_____________ is an example of cloud storage provider.
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B Write (T) for True and (F) for False 1.
A website is a collection of web pages that are not linked to one another.
2.
Google.com is a web browser.
3.
Talking to any stranger on the internet is dangerous.
4.
HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
5.
The software that lets you view web pages over the internet is called a web server.
C Choose the correct answer 1.
2.
Find the odd one out. ____________________ a. Internet Explorer
b. Windows Explorer
c. Mozilla Firefox
d. Google Chrome
URL stands for __________________ Resource Locator. a. Universal
3.
d. Uninterrupted
b. Dropbox
c. One Drive
d. Google Drive
___________ is the prex used for all internet addresses. a. URL
5.
c. Unlimited
Which of the following is not a cloud storage provider? ______________ a. Reliance
4.
b. Uniform
b. .Com
c. www
d. Slash
This is a search engine on World Wide Web. __________________ a. Google
b. Bing
c. Yahoo
d. All of these
D Answer the following questions 1.
What do you understand by Cloud Storage?
2.
What is a web browser? Name any three web browsers.
3.
Explain URL and its parts.
4.
What is a search engine? Name any three search engines.
5.
Dene Address Bar, Bookmarks Search Bar.
E Concept Check 1.
Ritu has found a page she would like to visit later. What will she have to do to quickly access the page without searching it again?
2.
Anuj wants to upload a le having size more than 25 MB. What do you suggest him to do?
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Activity A. Label the URL parts.
Lab Activity A. Name any three search engine websites.
B. Name any two web browsers used in your lab.
For Teachers A. Divide the class into four groups and discuss the pros and cons of surng internet. B. Discuss about the rules for surng the internet.
Project Work A. Visit the site – www.google.com. Search and download information and pictures on the topic – Green and Healthy Environment. Create an informative presentation by collecting information from the internet.
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SKILL SHEETS Chapter – 8, 9, 10
A Fill in the Blanks Align | Tags | Quotes | Web Browser | Line Break 1.
_________ are the building blocks of a web page.
2.
A ___________________ is a software that enables users to navigate the internet.
3.
________________ is an empty tag.
4.
Attribute value is always enclosed within ___________.
5.
The heading tags have just one attribute called __________.
B Write (T) for True and (F) for False 1.
Notepad is a popular web browser.
2.
The
tag force a line break between two lines in the output.
3.
Opera is an Internet Service Provider.
4.
The tag is dened above the tag.
5.
HTML tags are enclosed in [] square brackets.
C Choose the correct answer 1.
Which of these is incorrect? a.
2.
c.
d.
b. Navigation Button
c. Address Bar
d. Search Bar
b. 50%
c. 100%
d. 20%
______________ tag is dened within the section. a.
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b.
By default, the width of the horizontal rule is ________. a. 10%
5.
d.
________________ can be used to load the page again in browser a. Refresh Button
4.
c.
It is an empty tag. a.
3.
b.
b.
c.
d.