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8. जनसङ्ख्या र यसको व्यवस्थापन Flipbook PDF

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hg;ª\Vof / o;sf] Joj:yfkg

l;sfO pknlAw • g]kfnsf] hg;fª\lVos agf]6 pNn]v ug{ • hg;fª\lVos kl/jt{gsf sf/0f / kl/0ffdx¿ pNn]v ug{ • hg;fª\lVos cj:yf / u'0f:t/Lo hLjglarsf] ;DaGw atfpg • hg;ª\Vof Joj:yfkgsf pkfox¿ klxrfg u/L hg;ª\Vof Joj:yfkgdf k|b]z ;/sf/ / ;ª\3;+:yfx¿sf] e"ldsf pNn]v ug{

;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgj d"No lzIff, sIff &

155

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hg;fª\lVos agf]6

s'g} lglZrt :yfgdf/ ;dodf a;f]af; u/]sf ;Dk"0f{{ dflg;x¿sf] ;ª\VofnfO{ To; :yfgsf] hg;ª\Vof elgG5 . hg;ª\Vofsf] cfsf/, agf]6, ef}uf]lns ljt/0fsf] cWoognfO{ hg;fª\lVosL elgG5 . of] hg;ª\Vofsf] j}1flgs cWoog xf] . o;cGtu{t hg;ª\Vofsf] cfsf/, ljt/0f agf]6 / kl/jt{gaf/] cWoog ul/G5 . hg;fª\lVos agf]6n] b]z, ;dfh / ;d'bfosf] hg;ª\Vofsf] l:ylt b]vfpF5 . o;n] pd]/, lnª\u, hflt, wd,{ k];f, efiff cflbsf cfwf/df slt hg;ª\Vof 5g\ egL b]vfpF5 .

-s_ pd]/sf cfwf/df hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6 pd]/sf cfwf/df hg;ª\Vofsf] ;+/rgfnfO{ cWoog ul/G5 . g]kfndf hg;ª\VofnfO{ !$ jif{;Dd, !% b]lv %( jif{;Dd / ^)jif{ / ;f]eGbf dfly u/L tLgcf]6f pd]/ ;d"xdf juL{s/0f ul/Psf] 5 . oL dWo] !$ jif{;Ddsf afnaflnsf / ^) / ;f]eGbf dflysf] hg;ª\VofnfO{ cfl>t hg;ª\Vof elgG5 . ;fdfGotof hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu c¿df

156

;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgj d"No lzIff, sIff &

e/ kg'{kg]{ hg;ª\VofnfO{ cfl>t hg;ª\Vof elgG5 . !% b]lv %( jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf] hg;ª\VofnfO{ ;lj|mo hg;ª\Vof elgG5 . lj= ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfndf cfl>t hg;VofeGbf ;lj|mo hg;ª\Vof a9L b]lvG5 . ;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYofª\s ljefu,, @)^*

-v_ lnª\ucg';f/ hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6 lnª\uleq dlxnf, k'?if / n}ª\lus tyf of}lgs cNk;ª\Vos k5{g\ . lnª\usf cfwf/df hg;ª\Vofsf] tYofª\s lngfn]] n}ª\lus cg'kft slt 5 eGg]af/] hfgsf/L k|fKt x'G5 . of] n}ª\lusd}qL sfo{j|md tyf of]hgf agfpg cfwf/ aG5 .

hg;ª\Vofsf]n}ª\lus agf]6 पु�� ३०००००००

१५००००००

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२६४९४५०४ २३१५१४२३

२५०००००० २०००००००

मिहला

११५६३९२१ ११५८७५०२

१२८४९०४१ १३६४५४६३

१००००००० ५०००००० ०

5 २०५८

२०६८

;|f]t s]GbL|o tYofs ljefu, @)^*

;|ft] M s]Gb|Lo tYofª\s ljefu, @)^* lj= ;+= @)^* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfnsf] hg;ª\Vof @,^$,($,%)$ /x]sf] 5 . h;df Kf'?if

lj=!,@*,$(,)$! ;+= @)^* /;fnsf] hgu0fgfcg'5g\;f/. k'g]?ifsf] kfnsf] of @,^$,($,%)$ sf] . 5 . Dflxnf !,#^,$%,$^# ;ª\Vhg;ª\ ofeGbf Vdlxnfsf] ;ª\Vof a9L b]l/x] vG5 -u_ wd{Kf'c?g'if;f/!,@*,$(,)$! hg;ª\Vofsf] agf] h;df / 6Dflxnf !,#^,$%,$^# 5g\ . k'?ifsf] ;ª\VofeGbf dlxnfsf] xfd|f] b]zdf lxGb', af}4, O:nfd, O;fO{nufotsf ljleGg wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿ /x]sf 5g\ . ;ª\wd{Vof lvG5 V.of agf]6 cg';a9L f/sf]b]hg;ª\ Wfd{

ltzt ;|f]tHfg;ª\ s]Gb|VLofo k|tYofª\ s ljefu, @)^*

-u_ wd{cg';f/ hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6

lj= ;+=@)%*

lj= ;+= @)^*

Aff}4

!)=&$

(=#

O:nfd

$=@

$=$

xfd|f] b]zdf lxGb', af}4, O:nfd, O;fO{nufotsf ljleGg wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿ *)=^@ *!=# /x]lxGb' sf 5g\ .

;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgj d"No lzIff, sIff & ls/ft

#=^

#=!

157

wd{cg';f/sf] hg;ª\Vof agf]6 Wfd{

Hfg;ª\Vof k|ltzt lj= ;+=@)%*

lj= ;+= @)^*

lxGb'

*)=^@

*!=#

Aff}4

!)=&$

(=#

O:nfd

$=@

$=$

ls/ft

#=^

#=!

O;fO{

)=

%$!=$

cGo

)=@(

)=% ;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYofª\s ljefu,@)^*

lj= ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfndf lxGb' wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf] ;ª\Vof *!=# k|ltzt, af}4 wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf] ;ª\Vof (=# k|ltzt, O:nfd wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf] ;ª\Vof $=$ k|ltzt, ls/ft wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf] ;ª\Vof #=! k|ltzt, O;fO{ wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf] ;ª\Vof !=$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . To:t} k|s[lt, h}g, lzv, axfO{ / cGo wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿ klg g]kfndf /x]sf 5g\ .

lj|mofsnfk != cfˆgf] sIffsf 5fq, 5fqf / hDdf ljBfyL{sf] ;ª\VofnfO{ :tDe lrqdf b]vfpg'xf];\ . @= lj ;+= @)%* / @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ wd{cg';f/sf] hg;ª\Vof agf]6nfO{ t'ngf ug'{xf];\ .

158

;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgj d"No lzIff, sIff &

cEof; tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -s_ hg;fª\lVosL eg]sf] s] xf] < -v_ g]kfndf lnª\usf cfwf/df hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6 s:tf] 5 < -u_ lj= ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ pd]/cg';f/ g]kfnsf] hg;ª\Vof agf]6 s:tf] /x]sf] 5 < -3_ lj ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfnsf] wd{cg';f/sf] hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6nfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf JofVof ug'{xf];\ .

;fd'bflos sfo{ ;d'bfosf] tLgcf]6f kl/jf/df uO{ ;lj|mo / cfl>t hg;ª\Vof kQf nufpg'xf];\ / tflnsfdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ M cfl>t hg;ª\Vof

;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgj d"No lzIff, sIff &

;lj|mo hg;ª\Vof

159

kf7 @

g]kfnsf] hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6

-s_ efiffcg';f/ hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6 b]zdf af]lng] efiffsf] cfwf/df ul/Psf] hg;ª\Vofsf] ljt/0fnfO{ efiffcg';f/sf] hg;ª\Vof agf]6 elgG5 . lj=;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfsf] tYofª\sdf g]kfndf hDdf !@# dft[efiff klxrfg ul/Psf] lyof] . Dfft[efiff Gf]kfnL Df}lynL Eff]hk'/L Yff? tfdfª Gf]jf/L Dfu/ 8f]6]nL alHhsf pb'{ cjwL

Hfg;ª\Vof k|ltzt $$=^ !!=& ^=) %=* %=! #=@ #=) #=) #=) @=^ !=(

Dfft[efiff

Hfg;ª\Vof k|ltzt

lnDa' Uf'?ª Eff]6] z]kf{ ;Gyfn bg'jf/ ;'g'jf/ ysfnL /fhj+zL lxGbL cGo

!=@( !=@# )=$% )=!( )=!* )=!% )=)@ )=)! )=@# #=#%

;|f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYofª\s ljefu, @)^* lj ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfndf dft[efiff g]kfnL af]Ng] dflg;sf] ;ª\Vof$$=^ k|ltzt, d}lynL !!=& k|ltzt, ef]hk'/L ^ k|ltzt, yf? %=^ k|ltzt, tfdfª %=! k|ltzt, g]jf/L #=@ k|ltzt, du/ # k|ltzt, 8f]6]nL # k|ltzt, alHhsf # k|ltzt, / pb'{ @=^ k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ . /fO{, lnDa', u'?ª, z]kf{, ;Gyfn, /fhj+zL cflb dft[efiff af]Ng] dflg;sf] ;ª\Vof klg /x]sf 5g\ .

160

;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgj d"No lzIff, sIff &

-v_ hfthfltcg';f/ hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6 hftHffltsf cfwf/df ul/g] hg;ª\Vofsf] ljt/0fnfO{ hfthfltut hg;ª\Vof agf]6 elgG5 . lj= ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfndf hDdf !@% hfthfltx¿ Af;f]af; k5{g\ . Hfflt ;d"x If]qL Af|fx\d0f Dfu/ Yff? tfdfª Gf]jf/ sfdL D'f;ndfg ofbj /fO{

Hfg;ª\Vof k|ltzt !^=^ !@=@ &=! ^=^ %=^ % $=* $=$ $=) @=#



Hfflt ;d"x Hfg;ª\Vof k|ltzt u'?ª !=(& bdfO{ !=&* 7s'/L !=^! lnDa' !=$^ ;fsL{ !=$! Tf]nL !=#( Rfdf/ !=@^ sf]O/L !=!^ /fhj+zL )=$$ Zf]kf{ )=$# cGo !*=@& ;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYofª\s ljefu, @)^*

lj ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfndf If]qL !^=^ k|ltzt, a|fx\d0f !@=@ k|ltzt, du/ &=! k|ltzt, yf? ^=^ k|ltzt, tfdfª %=^ k|ltzt, g]jf/ % k|ltzt, sfdL $=* k|ltzt, d';ndfg $=$ k|ltzt, ofbj $=) k|ltzt / /fO{ @=# k|ltzt a;f]af; ub{5g\ . To:t} u'?ª, bdfO{, 7s'/L, lnDa', ;fsL{ cflb hfthfltx¿ Af;f]af; 5g\ .

-u_ Hfg;fª\lVos agf]6n] ;fdflhs / cfly{s hghLjgdf kg]{ k|efj hg;fª\lVos agf]6n] b]zsf] ;fdflhs / cfly{s cj:yfdf k|efj kfb{5 . h'g b]zsf] hg;ª\Vofdf o'jf cyjf ;lj|mo hg;ª\Vof a9L 5 To; b]zsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf ;lhnf] x'G5 . cfl>t hg;ª\Vof a9L ePdf b]zdf sfd ug]{ hgzlStsf] sdL eO{ b]z ljsf;df sl7gfO x'G5 . hfthflt / efiffcg';f/sf] hg;ª\Vof agf]6n] s'g} klg If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ hfthflt / efiffefifLsf] l:ylt kQf nufpg dbt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgj d"No lzIff, sIff &

161

ub{5 . o;af6 hfthflt / dft[efiff af]Ng]x¿sf] ;ª\Vof, nf]k x'g nfu]sf hflt / Effiffx¿sf af/]df hfgsf/L k|fKt x'G5 . k5fl8 k/]sf hfthfltx¿sf] ;fdflhs / cfly{s l:ylt kQf nufpg klg ;lhnf] k5{ . /fHosf gLlt tyf sfo{j|md tof/ kfg{df dbt ub{5 . wd{cg';f/sf] hg;ª\Vof agf]6n] s'g s'g wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿ a;f]af; u5{g\ / pgLx¿sf] wfld{s ;fdflhs ultljlwsf af/]df hfgsf/L k|fKt x'G5 . lnª\ucg';f/sf] hg;ª\Vof agf]6n] dlxnf / k'?iflarsf] n}ª\lus cg'kft kQf nufpg dbt ub{5 . o;/L hg;fª\lVos agf]6n] s'g} klg b]zsf] ;fdflhs / cfly{s cj:yfdf k|efj kfl//x]sf] x'G5 .

lj|mofsnfk != tkfO{Fsf sIffdf s'g s'g hfthfltsf ;fyLx¿ x'g'x'G5 < ;f] tYofª\snfO{ j[Qlrqdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ . @= lzIfssf] ;xof]udf tkfO{Fsf] ljBfnodf ePsf ljleGg efiffefifLsf ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;ª\Vof kQf nufO{ tflnsfdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .

cEof; tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -s_ hft hfltcg';f/sf hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6 eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 < -v_ lj ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ w]/} hg;ª\Vofn] af]Ng] kfFrcf]6f efiffsf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . -u_ hg;fª\lVos agf]6n] b]zsf] cfly{s cj:yfdf s;/L k|efj kf/]sf] x'G5