Report

^ ?

261

" ^ " n o N s COMPACTUS (LENDING SECTION)

Gravity base-station network values, Australia

Peter Wellman, B. C. Barlow, & A. S. Murray

Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology & Geophysics

Department of Resources and Energy

BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES, GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

REPORT 261

GRAVITY BASE-STATION NETWORK VALUES, AUSTRALIA

by

Peter Wellman, B.C. Barlow, & A . S . Murray

AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING CANBERRA

1985

SERVICE

DEPARTMENT OF RESOURCES AND ENERGY Minister: Secretary:

Senator The Hon. Gareth Evans, QC A.J* Woods, AO

BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES, GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS Director:

Published

R.W.R. Rutland

for the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics

by the Australian Government Publishing Service

©Commonwealth

of Australia

1985

ISSN 0084-7100 ISBN 0 644 03798 9

Printed by Graphic Services Pty Ltd

Northfield

SA

5085

CONTENTS

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION OP GRAVITY

BASE-STATIONS

NUMBERING OF GRAVITY STATIONS IN AUSTRALIA GRAVITY VALUES ON THE POTSDAM DATUM - ISOGAL65 VALUES GRAVITY VALUES ON THE IGSN 71 SYSTEM - IS0GAL84 VALUES GRAVITY VALUES AT OUTLYING ISLANDS AND ANTARCTIC

BASES

SECONDARY TIE-STATIONS FORMULAE CALIBRATION

RANGES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES APPENDIX 1: Gravity values of national gravity base-stations Australia APPENDIX 2: Gravity values of national gravity base-stations Australian outlying islands and Antarctic

bases

TABLE

1. Gravity intervals for Australian calibration ranges

FIGURES

1• Locations of national gravity base-stations on the Australian landmass 2. Locations of national gravity base-stations on outlying islands and at Australian Antarctic bases 3* Air ties between base-stations made between 1964 and 1967 4- Air ties between base-stations made during 5. Gravity meter base-station net, 1985

iii

1980

ABSTRACT

This Report lists stations of the Australian gravity base-station network. It gives values both on the old and on the new international gravity datums. Formulae are given for calculating gravity anomalies, and for converting between the two datums within Australia.

iv

INTRODUCTION

The primary control for land and marine gravity surveys in Australia is an Australia-wide

set of gravity base-stations and a set of gravity-meter

calibration ranges. The value of gravity at the base-stations controls the gravity datum for nearby surveys, and the calibration-range intervals control gravity scale for gravity meters calibrated on the ranges. The Australian basestation network was established between 1964 and 1967 at 200 towns/airstrips uniformly across Australia

(Barlow, 1970). The gravity-meter calibration ranges

were established at many major towns in 1960 (Barlow,

1967).

When the Australian base-station network was established the international gravity datum was the value at Potsdam in the German Democratic Republic, and normal gravity was calculated using the 1930 international formula. The scale within Australia was defined

(Dooley & others, 1961; Barlow, 1970) from gravity

pendulum apparatus measurements within Australia, and the datum was defined

from

indirect pendulum ties between Australia and Potsdam. Gravity values on the Potsdam datum for the base-station network stations have been available since the 1965 and 1967 surveys, but they were never published because of known inconsistencies in the gravity measurements. However, these gravity values were used on all Australian gravity surveys, so they provide the datum and scale for pre-1 978 maps, and for pre-1984 BMR listings of principal facts in the Australian area. Between 1967 and 1971

the international gravity datum and normal gravity

formula were changed to more correct values, which differ from the old values by about

140 jam s

; the current datum is the International

Standardization Net 1971

Gravity

(IGSN 71; Morelli & others, 1971), and the current

formula is the 1967 international gravity formula

(IAG, 1 9 6 7 ) . In 1979 accurate

absolute gravity measurements were made at six major centres in the Australian region (Arnautov & others, 1979)• These have provided

for Australia a very

precise scale and datum consistent with the IGSN 71 gravity "values. In 1980, gravity-meter measurements were made between the absolute sites, and these form a network that greatly strengthens the earlier base-station network measurements (Wellman & others, in press). From the results of the 1980 survey, together with the McCracken

(1978) recalculation of the measured intervals of the 1964-67

survey, improved

gravity values can be calculated

for all Australian base-

stations. This publication lists all Australian gravity base-stations, together with their positions and gravity values on the old and new gravity datums.

-2-

Before metrication the accepted gravity unit was the milligal (mGal) i.e., one-thousandth of a Gal, where 1 Gal = 1 cm s~^. With metrication, all units are now SI and those incorporating lineal measurements are now based on the metre and 10"^ divisions of this, so the new gravity unit is the micrometre per second squared

(\xm s " ^ ) . Hence 1 jim s"~^ = 0.1 mGal =

10~6 m s"2 = 1 |iN kg ~ *

gravity unit

=1

(American). In this Report the

unit mGal has been used for the superseded station values based on the Potsdam datum, and |im s

is used for the current station values based on the IGSN 71

datum.

DISTRIBUTION OF GRAVITY

BASE-STATIONS

The distribution of towns or locations with gravity base-stations in Australia is shown in Figure

1. The base-stations are at about 250 km

intervals

wherever airstrips are available. In the desert area of central and western Australia, some temporary airstrips were constructed

specially for the gravity

base-stations. The distribution of gravity base-stations on Australian outlying islands and on Australian Antarctic bases is shown in Figure 2. At each town or location there are generally more than one gravity station, as a precaution against destruction of the site of one of the stations. Ideally for a small town there are two stations at the airport at separate buildings, and one station within the town. Most stations are on horizontal concrete at ground level outside buildings, and are marked by a brass disc 60 mm in diameter glued to the concrete at the station position. Geographic positions of the.stations have been scaled from 1:250 000 topographic maps with latitudes and longitudes based on Australian Datum.

Geodetic

Altitudes are based on Australian Height Datum (Roelse & others, 1971)*

NUMBERING OF GRAVITY STATIONS IN AUSTRALIA

In order to integrate gravity data for Australia and the surrounding ocean, a system of numbering of gravity stations was adopted that provides a unique identifying number for each gravity

station.

On land an eight-digit gravity station number was adopted - four digits either side of a decimal point. The integer part contains the year of the survey, and the identifying serial number of the survey, while the

fractional

-3-

'/Gove Aerodrome Weipa'

Port Keats

.Roper R Mission

Calumbu^u gttjyndham"

Daly I D»ly

I.NTwry

^ . V i c t o r i a gowns' Y

Broome/

Halls Cr .1 •

^

N e w c a s , l e

w

,

a , e , s

Hooker C r .

R

„ rV 0J.

Mitfhell R Mission.

h™]™"™

^ a l l a p o n v ^ i Spring Wratham Parkf • • Creswell Normanton /Walsh) amplon . B*rketown • " ^ ° , " D o w n s

C

l£aims

,

ockh

itzroy Crossing Margaret| R.

.,,{_,.. | . . | Lawn Hill Georgetow^ Down™ "" Alexandr^Do'wns -T-? - " , " » T r T e n n a n t Cr—Hloncurry ,„.. . fr^Jia^ Balgo Hill Mission Tanami | NT Mount Isa. . . " Cr I Barrow C r * . Lake Nash "''""'ond Vaughan Springs Ammaroo ! Woodgreen . ° > .Wiiiton Terry Hillsl I PapunyaJ Maraua • • M.ddleton LHp,mannsbu » n „ h ! oo» . .Alice Springs Springs Glenorr" Mundiwmdi A i r s t n p l .Alice I — T w a i n Airstrip I Mission| Henbury 8 °°u *• , | Giles. | . H* » " » Poolowanna/Dalh! , Birdsville . '"dorah Alexander Mt Davies _Airstrip, ' f \ . D • Gascoyne Junction Spring. . • r» Kenmore P a r k . . . 1 —-.Betoota L,, .„ a r y b o r a i i n h \ f> u ,„ Nookawarra W i l u m . w'a.burton Blackstone I *De Ros** U " " , J P ' Corner MiteWl f ^ ^ M K • '„ L , R»"9 Mining Camp ill Oodnadatta Innamincka M > i e R «,« i , • /CK i n g JSft fc M< WillooghbylKallako'opah • ^ o t o ^ ^ S ^ ^ a h . tortriB * T o"wMSt UC .^ s A i i s H i ^ L a k' e'.'.„ Veo Airstrip Sandstone . n D o w n s

A

st

p

J

u

a

A n n i t o w a >

B

u l ,

M a r a i l

m

s

Rm

A

w

s

o u s l e

.°i..

Jc5

L

-

_fVn™'

w

u M

r

a

o e p

e

s

e

V

H

0

U v e r t o

G...I«»A

Ma9

e

"'

\ I Watheioo , Head* •

n |gootlie i * a

Rawlinna . • .

Fig. 1. Locations of national gravity base-stations on the Australian

landmass

M

a r o y

fc °"U-e

-4-

part specifies the individual station number. Thus the second station of the second survey of 1965 would have the number 6501.0001. For any year (1965 for example) surveys 6500 to 6529, and 6590 to 6599, would be BMR surveys, and surveys 6530 to 6589 would be surveys by other bodies. For national gravity base-stations the last two digits for any town are generally

constant.

For marine surveys a ten-digit gravity station number was adopted - four digits before the decimal point with the same meaning as above, and six after. The six digits after the decimal point give for that cruise the day number, the hour, and the minute. Hence a station that was defined two minutes after midnight

on the first day of the second survey in 1966 would be 6601.010002.

The derivation of International Gravity Commission numbers is given in Morelli & others

(1971)-

GRAVITY VALUES ON THE POTSDAM DATUM - ISOGAL65

VALUES

The calculation of Isogal65 values (May 1965 Isogal values) has been described by Barlow (1970) and McCracken

(1978). The 1965 and 1967 air ties are

shown in Figure 3« Generally three gravity meters were used in each tie, one LaCoste & Romberg gravity meter, and two quartz-mechanism meters. Gravity intervals in scale divisions were calculated after corrections of meter drift had been made; Earthtide corrections were not applied. Intervals in milligals were calculated

using

the makers' calibration table for the LaCoste & Romberg gravity meter, and calibrations determined

from calibration ranges for the quartz-mechanism meters.

Values for airports along the eastern Australian margin were calculated the 1965 US Air Force/BMR LaCoste & Romberg gravity meter measurements 1966;

Shirley, 1966), Melbourne A datum

mean-Australian-milligal

(station 5099.9901

scale (Barlow, 1970).

using (Whalen,

= 979979.0 m G a l ) , and

Gravity values for stations on

east-west traverses were calculated by taking the arithmetical means of air-tie estimates, and calculating westwards from the adopted east coast values. Values for stations on north-south traverses other than along the east

coast

were calculated using east-west traverse values.

GRAVITY VALUES ON THE IGSN 71 SYSTEM - IS0GAL84 VALUES

Isogal84 values are based on absolute gravity measurements made during 1979 in Sydney, Port Moresby, Hobart, Alice Springs, Darwin, and Perth (Arnautov & others, 1979). These measured values are compatible with IGSN 71 values at these

21 A . 4 4

Fig. 2. Locations of national gravity base-stations on outlying islands and at Australian Antarctic bases

-6-

cities. In 1980, measurements were made with seven LaCoste & Romberg gravity meters on the traverses shown in Figure 4 (Wellman & others, in press). A leastsquares reduction of the gravity meter observations using the six absolute measurements as control gave gravity values at 50 airports. Values at the remaining airports were calculated by adopting the values at the 50 airports, using corrected

intervals of the 1964-67 survey, and distributing

residuals

equally to all intervals between stations occupied in 1980. The air ties controlling the Isogal84 values are shown in Figure 5- The corrected

intervals

are the intervals for each meter after allowing for drift and Earth tides (McCracken, 1978), but adjusting to the scale factors resulting from McCracken's network adjustment. Ground ties within each town or location are from McCracken, except where there have been subsequent measurements.

GRAVITY VALUES AT OUTLYING ISLANDS AND ANTARCTIC

Wellman (1976) has summarised

BASES

gravity ties to Australian Antarctic bases

and to Christmas Island; Williams (1981) has documented later ties at Davis base; and Williams & Murray (in preparation) have reported on ties to Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. The gravity values of the national gravity base-stations on Australia's outlying islands and Antarctic bases (Appendix 2) were

calculated

from the gravity intervals presented in the reports referred to above, and from Isogal84 values for stations on mainland Australia. However, Mawson A-McMurdo A tie is taken as the pendulum result of Woollard & Rose (1963) - 2502.65 mGal tied to the IGSN 71 value of McMurdo A, and Mawson excentre ties are recalculated using 1977 measurements. IGSN 71

The Cocos Island value is from the

list.

SECONDARY TIE-STATIONS

For economic reasons many gravity surveys are not tied directly to the national gravity base-station network, but instead are tied to one or more permanently marked existing gravity stations, which have previously been tied directly or indirectly to a national base-station. Use of these secondary basestations has the advantages that they are more convenient, because one can often be found close to the survey area, and the new survey is more closely tied to existing surrounding gravity surveys. The disadvantage of tying a new survey to an old survey is that often the precision of the new survey is higher than the old survey because of the higher reading accuracy and lower drift rate of LaCoste & Romberg gravity meters, which are often used for modern surveys.

-7-

Fig. 4. Air ties between base-stations made during 1980

21/A/40

Fig. 5. Gravity meter base-station net, 1985

-8-

These second-order permanently marked stations are of three types: 1)

Government bench-marks which are part of the national

levelling

network, and which are part of a previous helicopter or road gravity survey. Most bench-marks at which gravity is known are marked as permanently marked gravity stations on roads on the printed 1:500 000 or dyeline 1:250 000 BMR gravity maps issued before 1978. At the site in the field there is generally a guide post and a ground mark. The guide posts are of several types - (i) concrete posts with painted numbers; (ii) a star-section steel post about 50 mm across (star picket), which has either a wired-on metal tag with a number stamped

on it or a welded-on flat piece of metal facing the road with

painted on it; and

(iii) a tree with the bark removed

'BM'

(blazed) and symbols and

letters cut into the wood and sometimes painted. The ground mark consists of (i) a short star picket, (ii) a concrete block with a metal object cast in it, or (iii)

an inscribed

brass disc attached to a pre-existing solid surface. In

towns there are generally no guide posts but only ground marks. 2)

During the helicopter gravity survey of Australia the gravity stations

with the more accurately known values (cell centres) were marked by a star picket with a tag giving the station number. These are shown as permanently marked stations away from roads on pre-1978 BMR gravity maps. In some areas of Australia these may still be in place. 3)

For some major detailed or semi-detailed gravity surveys the local

base-station may be permanently marked and still recoverable. BMR can provide gravity values, locations, and altitudes for all permanently marked gravity stations, and for some gravity stations

(mainly

bench-marks or railway stations) it can provide detailed station descriptions.

FORMULAE

Earth-tide semi-detailed

corrections should not be necessary for many detailed and

surveys where the local base-stations are re-occupied at intervals

of less than three hours. When Earth-tide corrections are necessary, they are generally calculated on the computer using Longmans formula and a constant of 1.2. For precision surveys, use can be made of Earth-tide constants measured at seven sites over Australia

(Ducarme & others, 1976).

For reducing observations on the Potsdam datum

(lsogal65 values), the 1930

International Gravity Formula must be used: 2

g ( l 9 3 0 ) = 978 049-0 (1.0 + 0.005 2884 s i n ^ n

- 0.000 0059 s i n

where © is the latitude of the gravity station. For a gravity

2

2j>)

station

mGal

-9h metres above sea level, the free-air correction is 0.3086h mGal, and for an assumed rock density p t m~3

(p = 2.67 is standard) the Bouguer correction is

- 0.0419/>h mGal, so the Bouguer anomaly 4 g A is: B

Ag

B A

0965) = g

o b s

( l s o g a l 6 5 ) - g 0 9 3 0 ) + 0.3086h - 0.0419/>h

mGal

n

For reducing observations on the IGSN71 datum (lsogal84 values), the 1967 International Gravity Formula

(Coron, 1972) must be used:

g ( l 9 6 7 ) = 9 780 318 ( 1 + 0.005 3024 sin j* - 0.000 0059 s i n 2

2

\m

2f)

n

s"

2

The Bouguer anomaly is: ^BA

0984) = g

o b s

( l s o g a l 8 4 ) - g ( l 9 6 7 ) + 3-086h - 0.41 9/>h

2

\xm s'

n

In Australia, the difference between anomalies calculated on the two systems is approximately the same as that given by Anfiloff & others (1976) for the difference Ag

'Anomaly (1967/71) - Anomaly (1930/65)', and is: 2

B A

0 9 8 4 ) - 1 0 { A g ( 1 9 6 5 ) ] ^ 25 - 110 s i n ^

|im s ~

B A

where A g

B A

2

0 965) is expressed in milligals.

The difference between anomalies in Australia varies from +2.1 mGal (21 \xm s ~ at Thursday Island in the north to -2.6 mGal

(-26

2

2

\xm s ~ ) at Tasmania in the

south. Conversion from Isogai65 observed gravity values expressed in milligals to Isogal84 observed gravity values expressed in micrometres per second squared

can

be made very approximately using the linear formula: g(lsogal84) = 10{979 671.88 + 1.000 53 [g(lsogal65) - 979 685-74]}

\xm s ~

2

The conversion can be more accurately made using a fifth-order polynomial giving the difference

(V), between the gravity values at a base-station where

V = Isogal65 - Isogal84 mGal. At latitude D°S and longitude F°E this is expressed as a function of X and Y, where X = F - 135°E and Y = D - 25°S 2

V = + 14.1660

1

- 0.183800x10*- X 5

- 0.220256x10" X

2

5

7

8

6

2

- 0.373075x10~ XY

6

4

+

+ 0.915962x10~ X 2

2

5

2

+ 0.568814x10" X Y

5

- 0.673367x10~ XY

5

6

+ 0.1471 26x1 0~ X*X 5

2

4

- 0.964709x10" X Y

5

- 0.772339x10" X Y + 0-9101 2 8 x 1 0 " X

+ 0.7091 5 0 x 1 0 ~ 5 y

5

+ 0.476101 x1 ( T X Y

+ 0,166350x10- x3 - 0.147880x1 O ^ Y

+ 0.405366x10" Y

6

+ 0.456620x10~ XY

4

4

6

5

5

4

2

0.764998x10" X Y

- 0.982392x10~ Y 7

3

+ 0.666914x1 0 " X Y 6

+ 0.438121x10" Y

2

5

The standard deviation of the error in using this formula is 0.05 mGal 2

(0.5 lim s ~ ) .

CALIBRATION

RANGES

A calibration range consists of two gravity stations, near a major town, that are primarily used to calibrate quartz-mechanism gravity meters 1967)* Stations with a gravity difference of about 500 \xm s "

2

(Barlow,

are generally

-10-

selected, because this amount approaches the largest range usable with some p

quartz-mechanism meters; however, a few ranges of 1000 to 2000 (im s

have

been established. Most calibration ranges use stations on the top and at the 2 base of a hill, so that the 500 |im s"

difference can be obtained within a

short driving distance. The locations of Australian calibration ranges are shown in Figure 3, and they are listed together with their gravity intervals in Table 1. A measurement of gravity meter calibration is made by taking alternate gravity meter readings at the two stations of the calibration range; generally four readings are taken at one station and three readings at the other station over a period of no more than three hours. This process provides three semiindependent estimates of the gravity interval in scale divisions. The ratio of calibration-range gravity interval: mean measured-range interval in scale divisions gives the calibration constant of the gravity meter. The

calibration

constant changes slowly with time. Unfortunately gravity meters with a quartz mechanism give readings that depend on the atmospheric pressure at the time of the reading. Hence, the calibration constant as determined above is not exactly the constant that should be used for anomalies in level country (Coutts & others, 1980). It is, however, recommended

that quartz-mechanism gravity meters are calibrated as above, and

the calculation carried out, if these meters are to be used for detailed and semi-detailed

surveys.

LaCoste )

MITCHELL 41867 J 6491.9025 26 29 .4 K 6491.1025 26 29 .4 L 6491.2025 26 29 .4

Longitude E (°) (')

Altitude (m)

Gravity Isogal65 (mGal)

value Isogal84 (/jm s" ) 1

Location (for abbreviations see end)

147 56 .4 341 .89 978967 .38 9789532 .4 A/S TERMINAL 147 58 .2 -k-k-k-k-k-k978969 .63 9789555 .2 NR MEMORIAL 147 57 .9 337 .77 978969 .20 9789550 .6 RS BM BC05

MITCHELL RIVER MISSION 38251 J 6491.9069 15 29 .0 141 44 .8 K 6491.1069 15 28 .5 141 44 .7

6 21 162

978392 .98 978392 .71

9783785 .7 A/S FUEL DUMP 9783783 .0 MISSION STORE

MOUNT CURIOUS: AIRSTRIP 42174 J 6793.9309 27 26 .2 114 18 .1 K 6793.1309 27 26 .3 114 18 .0

122 .14 120 .00

979143 .47 979144 .08

9791293 .2 A/S WINDSOCK 9791299 .3 A/S TELEGRAPH

8 .5 629 .90

978957 .65

9789434 .7 MINING CAMP

MOUNT DAVIES 42069 J 6491.9083 26 10 .5

129

MOUNT 6AMBIER: 45470 A 5099.9907 37 50..1 J 6491.0107 37 44..7 K 8090.0107 37 44..7

140 46..7 140 47..1 140 47..1

MOUNT ISA 41909 J 6491.0162 20 K 6491.9962 20 L 6491.0262 20 M 6610.7385 20 N 8090.0162 20

40..1 139 40..1 139 44..4 139 40..0 139 40..1 139

29..3 29..3 28..8 29.,2 29..3

43,.54 63 .29 63,

979993..65 9799799..0 POLICE STORE 979977..22 9799634,.7 A/S TERMINAL 979976,.65 9799629,.0 A/S HANGAR

337, 978618,.72 336,!60 978619..01 -k-k-k-k-k-k 978617,.74 336,.21 978618.,69 337. 978618..65

9786044..4 9786047..3 9786034.,6 9786044.,1 9786043..7

A/S TERMINAL A/S NEW FIRE RS BM8-7 A/S TAA HANGAR A/S TERMINAL

MOUNT MAGNET 42187 A 5099.9921 28 3.,7 117 50.,8 424..74 979074..71 9790605.9 ROAD BOARD HUT J 6792.0121 28 6..9 117 50..4 406.,51 979071.,94 9790578..2 A/S TERMINAL K 6792.0221 28 7..0 117 50.,4 405..52 979071..89 9790577..7 A/S SHED MOUNT VERNON 42148 J 6792.9210 24 13.,4 118 15. 2 K 6792.1210 24 13.,5 118 15.0 L 6792.2210 24 13.8 118 14. 3

398..83 978791. 12 399.,53 978790.81 403. 16 978790.86

9787769.9 A/S WINDSOCK 9787767.0 A/S STRIP 9787767.3 RS MAG. STN.

MOUNT WILLOUGHBY 41974 J 6491.9018 27 58. 7 134 K 6792.1018 27 57. 4 134

8.7 8.7

278. 53 266.37

979092.02 979093.20

9790780.4 A/S WINDSOCK 9790791.2 HS BM2615

MUNDIWINDI 42030 A 5099.9923 23 J 6792.0123 23 K 6792.0223 23 L 6792.0323 23

52. 0 45. 8 45.8 47. 9

120 9.5 120 15.3 120 15.3 120 14.4

569.38 580.94 580.69 571.03

978746.06 978729.59 978729.94 978739.44

9787318.9 HS 9787154.2 A/S WINDSOCK 9787157.7 A/S ROAD TO PO 9787252.7 POWER HS BM ZO

MUNGERANIE 41988 J 6491.9016 28 K 6600.0009 28

2.3 1.1

138 39. 1 138 39. 7

53. 40 57.96

979147.71 979142.50

9791336.6 A/S 9791284.5 HS GARAGE

-29BMR station number

Latitude Longitude 5 E (°) (') (°)

NARRABRI 45409 J 6491.9108 30 K 6491.1108 30 L 6491.2108 30 M 8090.1108 30

222. 99

212.82 213.65 223.

979311.39 979313.07 979313.48 979311.79

9792974.4 A/S TERMINAL 9792991.2 HOTEL PM 3913 9792995.4 POWER POLE 5-37 9792978.4 A/S WINDSOCK

NARRANDERA 45446 J 6491.9135 34 42.4 K 6491.1135 34 44.5 L 6491.2135 34 45.8

146 30. 5 146 33.3 146 32. 3

145. 175.31 144.88

979680.92 979680.57 979681.64

9796670.4 9796666.6 9796677.3

A/S TERMINAL RS GS EAS 27 ROAD JN SM4170

NEWCASTLE 45321 J 7090.9402 32 48.3

151 50.4

5.09

979582.23

9795682.9

A/S TERMINAL

NEWCASTLE WATERS 38373 J 6793.9316 17 22.7 133 24..6 210.04 K 6793.1316 17 22.4 133 24..6 209.67

978440.58 978439. 52

9784261.6 9784251.0

A/S HANGAR PO RESIDENCE

NEWRY 38469 J 6491.9063

978383. 56

9783691.4 A/S SHELTER

3.6

149 149 149 149

2

Location (for abbreviations see end)

49.6 47. 0 47. 5 49.6

16

19.1 19.5 19.9 19.2

Altitudei Gravity value Isogal65 Isogal84 (m) (mGal) (fim s~ )

129 12..2 100.00

NHILL 45461 J 6793.9304 36 18.7 K 6793.1304 36 18.7 L 4905.2000 36 19.8

141 38..8 127..01 979820..56 9798066.9 A/S AERO CLUB 141 38.,8 127.86 979820.,58 9798067. 1 A/S HANGAR 141 39.,1 130. 979823.,97 9798101..0 SILOS

NOCCUNDRA 41872 J 6491.9014 27 49.1 K 6525.0002 27 48.6

142 35..2 142 35..8

NOOKAWARRA 42166 J 6491.9091 26 14.5

116 50,.7 343.,95 978952..89 9789386..5 A/S SIGNAL SIGN

NORMANTON 38271 J 6491.9963 17 K 6491.0163 17 L 6491.0263 17 M 8090.0163 17

141 141 141 141

41.3 41.3 40.3 41.1

4 .3 4 .3 4 .7 4 .3

92. 28 979134..65 9791206..1 POLICE 96.,85 979135..23 9791211.9 A/S BM NI-1

16,.92 978517..73 9785033..0 A/S TERMINAL 16,.9 978517,.75 9785033..2 A/S TERM C20 9, 978518,.84 9785044..1 POLICE QBM70 978517 .63 9785032..0 A/S SHED 17.!o

NORSEMAN 45621 J 6491.9123 32 12.4 K 8090.1123 32 12.4

121 45 .4 263 .34 979416 .73 121 45 .4 263 979416 .71

9794027 .9 A/S CONCR FLOOR 9794027,.7 A/S TOILETS

NULLARBOR 45510 J 6491.9120 31 26.5 K 6491.1120 31 27.1

130 53 .7 130 53 .7

61 .40 979405 .75 60 .43 979406 .67

9793918 .2 HS PETROL PUMP 9793927 .4 ROAD TO HS

NYNGAN 45417 J 6491.9114 31 33.1 K 6491.1114 31 32.3 L 6525.1114 31 33.4

147 11 .9 147 12 .0 147 11 .1

172 .47 979431 .71 170 .54 979434 .13 171 .84 979431 .53

9794178 .8 A/S TERMINAL 9794203 .0 MP SSM4700 9794177 .0 BRIDGE SSM3173

-30BMR station number

Latitude

S

Longitude E

(°)(')

»

>

(')

Altitude (m)

Gravity Isogal65 (mGal)

value Isogal84 (\im s~ ) 2

Location (for abbreviations see end)

OENPELLI 38323 J 6491.9078 12 19,.7

133

3 .2

8.,40 978318..97 9783045.,9 A/S DCA PSM1

ONSLOW 42115 A 5099.9925 J 6500.0125 K 6792.0225 L 8090.0125

115 115 115 115

6 .7 6 .7 6 .7 6 .6

2.,95 3.,26 3.,25 3.

OODNADATTA 41975 A 5099.9936 27 33,.2 J 6491.0136 27 33,.4 K 8090.0136 27 33,.4

135 26 .4 135 26 .2 135 26 .1

113.9 112. 51 112.

979099..86 9790858..4 A/S STORE 979099.,94 9790859. 2 A/S 979100.,01 9790859.9 A/S SHED

0.T. DOWNS 38365 J 6491.9065 16 37,,2

135

188.90

978405.,06 9783906. 1 A/S

PAPUNYA 41931 J 6792.9215 23 14,.5 K 6792.1215 23 16.,0 L 6111.7547 23 8.,2

131 53 .9 617. 63 131 53 .9 617. 62 131 56 .9 590. 56

978659. 51 978659.47 978682.86

9786452.8 9786452.4 9786686.3

PARKES J 8090.0144 K 8090.0244

33 00.,0 148 15..7 371. 33 00.,0 148 15 .7 371.40

********* *********

9794773.9 ADMIN TELESCOPE 9794774. 1 RADIO TELESCOPE

PERTH 45715 A 5099.9917 B 6491.0617 D 7999.0117 J 6491.0117 K 6491.0317 L 6091.0117 M 6091.0217 N 6491.0417 P 7391.0117 Q 7391.0217 R 6091.0317 S 6491.0217 T 6491.0517 U 6500.0117 V 7391.0317 W 7391.0417 X 7391.0517 Y 8090.0117 Z 8090.0217 8090.0317

31 31 31 31 31 31 31 32 31 31 31 31 32 31 31 31 31 31 31 31

4.83 48..8 12. 78 48..8 390. 12, 14. 50 57..5 15.08 57,.4 59,.2 12. 10 27. 56 2..7 44..3 3.25 9..6 115. 7..6 398. 2 26. 26 2,.7 51,.2 13. 20 44,.6 3.20 57,.5 14. 44 14. 50 57,.4 7.80 48,.8 8.80 48 .8 57,.3 14. 57,.3 14. 9..6 115.

979394.96 979392.84 979417.70 979400.64 979400.41 979408.59 979462.57 979416.70 979467. 19 979412.97 979462.89 979385.91 979414.73 979400.69 979400.37 979394.21 979393.99 979400. 11 979400.20 979467. 15

9793809.4 9793788. 1 9794037. 1 9793866.5 9793864.2 9793946.0 9794486.2 9794026.2 9794532.4 9793990.0 9794489.0 9793718.7 9794006.3 9793866.8 9793863.7 9793801.9 9793799.7 9793861.2 9793862. 1 9794531.8

UNI GEOL. UNI GEOL. PLAQUE ABSOLUTE A/S TERM A/S HANGAR HAZELMERE CS HELENA CS FREMANTLE PORT WEIR CS1 MT GUNGIN CS2 HELENA CS2A HOTEL FREMANTLE A/S TERMINAL A/S INT TERM UNI GEOL. UNI PLAQUE A/S HANGAR A/S CATERING WEIR CS1A

979457.21 979457.69

9794432.8 9794437.6

A/S GATE A/S FENCE

21 21 21 21

39..9 39,.9 39..9 39,.9

58.,7 58..7 43. 56. 1 56.,2 54..2 55.,1 2..9 57.,3 59.,3 55.,1 57..3 2.,9 56..1 56.,1 58.,7 58.,7 55.,9 55.,9 57. 3

115 115 116 115 115 115 116 115 116 116 116 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116

2 .3

PINTUMBA-COORABIE: 45512 J 6491.9119 31 51.,4 132 14,.7 K 6491.1119 31 50. 9 132 14..5

86. 34 87. 43

978773..71 978773.,80 978773..83 978773.,72

9787594..8 9787595.,7 9787596..0 9787594. 9

A/S A/S A/S A/S

WORKSHOP TERMINAL TERMINAL WINDSOCK

A/S WINDSOCK A/S MT WEDGE RD BM

-31BMR station number

Latitude S (°) (')

(m)

Gravity Isogal65 (mGal)

value Isogal84 (jjm s~ )

Location (for abbreviations see end)

137 57. 2

******

979015.70

9790014.9

A/S

P00L0WANNA-DALH0USIE 41966 J 6491.9020 26 10.0 136 42. 5

******

979017. 11

9790029.0

A/S

978645.56 978645.57 978655.57 978645.77 978645.95 978645.47

9786312.5 9786313.0 9786412.6 9786315.0 9786317.0 9786312.0

A/S TERMINAL A/S TERMINAL WHARF A/S DCA CARPORT A/S FLAGPOLE A/S TERMINAL

POEPPELS CORNER 41967 J 6491.9021 26 0.7

PORT HEDLAND 42108 A 5099.9926 20 22.6 J 6500.0126 20 22.6 K 6500.0226 20 18.9 L 6792.0326 20 22.7 M 6792.0426 20 22.6 N 8090.0126 20 22.7

Longitude

Altitude

f

(°) (')

118 118 118 118 118 118

37.8 37.8 34. 4 37. 7 37.8 37. 7

8. 7. 19 4. 8.02 7.61 8.

2

PORT KEATS MISSION 38449 J 6793.9314 14 15.5 129 31. 9 K 6793.1314 14 14.3 129 31. 2

30. 20.

978323.63 978326.08

9783092. 1 A/S WINDSOCK 9783116.7 MISSION

PORT LINCOLN 45545 J 6793.9307 34 36.3 K 6793.1307 34 36.3

135 52.6 135 52.6

9.06 10.52

979723.80 979723.60

9797099.3 9797097.3

A/S TERMINAL A/S GATE

QUAIRADING 45727 J 6491.9124 32 0.4 K 6491.1124 32 .6

117 24.8 237.70 117 23..9 247.35

979418.80 979417.25

9794048.3 9794032.8

A/S WINDSOCK PO

QUILPIE 41864 A 5099.9958 26 37.0 J 6491.0158 26 36.8

144 15..6 144 15.,3

979007.82 9789936.4 SPORTS OVAL 979008..29 9789941..1 A/S TERMINAL

QUINYAMBIE-MOORABIE 45401 J 6491.9104 30 13.3 141 0,.4 K 6491.1104 30 13.0 140 59..6 RAWLINNA 45615 J 6491.9097 31

.8

125 19,.8

196.37 197.00

90..06 979334..06 9793200.6 A/S FENCE 86..10 979334..72 9793207..2 HS FROME 1-192 179..93 979342,.32

9793282..7 A/S SHED

RICHMOND 41803 J 6491.9045 20 42.0 K 6491.1045 20 43.7

143 143

RINGWOOD 41934 J 6491.9036 23 50.0 K 6600.0004 23 50.1

134 57 .6 406,.11 978745 .97 134 57 .1 ****** 978745.68

9787317,.5 A/S DCA BM1 9787314,.6 HS BM178 MP

ROCKHAMPTON 41730 A 5099.9949 23 22.7 J 6591.0149 23 22.7 K 6499.0149 23 22.5 L 7090.0149 23 22.7 M 7390.0149 23 22.8

150 150 150 150 150

9788560 .3 9788593 .4 9788600 .3 9788602 .3 9788604 .8

6..8 206,.37 978615,.07 8..4 212..72 978615,.91

30 .7 28 .6 28 .5 28 .6 28 .6

13 978870 .21 9 !99 978873 .51 9 .82 978874 .20 10 978874 .40 9 978874 .65

9785991,.2 A/S TERMINAL 9785999..6 POLICE BM57-33

POLICE CELL A/S OLD TAA A/S FIRE A/S TERMINAL A/S APRON

-32BMR station number

Latitude S (°) (')

Longitude E (°) (')

ROCKHAMPTON DOWNS 38385 J 6491.9055 18 57.2 135 11. 7 K 6491.1055 18 57.1 135 11. 3

Altitude (m)

117 117 117

ROMA 41868 A 5099.9959 J 6491.0159

148 46.4 321..61 148 46. 7 304..03

26 34.2 26 32.7

ROPER RIVER MISSION 38344 J 6793.9315 14 44.1 134 44.0 K 6708.0314 14 43.7 134 44.0

value Isogal84 (fjm s~2)

Location (for abbreviations see end)

225 .05 978529.,79 9785154 .0 A/S WINDSOCK 223 .95 978529.,75 9785153 .6 HS FENCE BM9(

ROEBOURNE 42107 J 6792.9220 20 45.6 K 6792.1220 20 46.2 L 6792.2220 20 46.4

9.3 9.2 8.7

Gravity Isogal65 (mGal)

7..78 978677. 59 9 .75 978678.99 9..63 978679. 52

21.52 21.54

9786633 .3 A/S TERMINAL 9786647 .3 A/S 9786662 .6 MONUMENT

978979.35 978979.50

9789652 .2 NURSES HOME 9789653 .7 A/S TERMINAL

978383.02 978382.38

9783686.1 9783679.7

A/S DCA PSM3 A/S GATE BMEU14

SANDSTONE 42179 J 6792..9205 27 58..8 K 6792,.1205 27 58..9 L 6792..2205 27 59..3

119 17,.7 526..72 979049..26 9790351,.6 A/S WINDSOCK 119 17,.6 527,.07 979049,,93 9790358,.3 A/S STRIP 119 17..6 531..93 979051..30 9790372..0 PO

SCONE 45310 J 6491 .9112 K 6491..1112 L 6491,.2112

150 49 .9 222..50 979417..09 150 51..9 208..79 979423,.57 150 52,.2 208.,52 979425..15

32 32 32

SERPENTINE LAKES J 6792..9202 28 K 6792..1202 28 L 6792,.2202 28

2.2 3..1 3.5

42089 30. 4 129 30. 0 129 30. 2 129

9794031,.8 A/S TERMINAL 9794096..6 RS GS EA408 9794112..4 SIGN PM230

.8 285.,56 979088..08 9790740..9 A/S STRIP 294.,52 979085..27 9790712,.9 A/S BM4867 1..4 294.,50 979085..60 9790716..2 A/S NR ROAD

2,.1

SMITHTON 49005 J 6491.9142 40 49.8 145 5.0 K 6491.1142 40 50.7 145 7.3

5.70 980276.05 9.36 980274.98

9802626.5 9802615.8

A/S TERMINAL RAILWAY LINE

SOUTHERN CROSS 45719 J 6491.9094 31 14.1

119 21.2 347.90

979317.05

9793029.1

A/S BLOCK

ST GEORGE 41888 J 6491.9010 28 3.0 K 6491.1010 28 2.4

148 35.7 198.69 148 34.9 200.37

979127.67 979127.95

9791136.2 9791139.0

A/S TERMINAL SHIRE HALL M-15

ST HELENS 49018 J 6491.9139 41 20.3

148 16.7

45.65

980302.29

9802888.6

A/S TERMINAL

STRAHAN 49025 J 6491.9136 42

145 17.3

22.48

980371.69

9803583.8

A/S TERMINAL

STREAKY BAY 45524 J 6491.9131 32 47.3 134 14.4 K 6491.1131 32 48.0 134 12.6

29.08 11.24

979547.09 979553.20

9795331.5 9795393.1

A/S GATE SHIRE COUNCIL

9.0

-33BMR station number

Latitude S (°) (')

Longitude E (°) (')

SWINDELL AIRSTRIP 42013 6792. 9219 21 6.1 123 6792. 1219 21 6.1 123 6792. 2219 21 6.1 123 M 6792. 0021 21 12.0 123

26.9 27. 1 27. 1 27. 5

SYDNEY 45331 A 5099..9905 B 7199..9999 C 7999.,0105 6491..0105 J L 6491..0305 M 6491..0205 N 6091..0105 0 6091,.0205 P 6091 .0305 Q 6692,.0105 s 6891 .0205 T 6891 .0305 U 7090 .0105 V 6891 .0105 w 7590 .0105 X 7390 .0105 Y 7391 .0105 Z 8090 .0105 8290 .0105 8291 .0105 8291 .0205

J K L

Altitude (m)

281.98 288. 58 290.21 293.

33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33

53. 5 53. 5 52. 56.0 52. 3 55. 2 47. 7 43. 0 43..3 56. 0 56..0 56..1 56..3 56..0 56..1 56..2 56..1 56..1 56..1 47,.7 47..7

151 151 151 151 151 150 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151

30. 11.4 31. 11.4 12. ****** 1.5 10.8 15.8 •kick-kick 6. 59..5 2. 11 9.5 7.2 192. 57 6.9 207.45 10..8 1.5 10..8 1.50 11.,3 6.37 10..0 1.21 10.,8 1..54 10..9 1..5 11..3 6. 10..9 1. 6. 11..2 10,.9 1.'.5 9 .5 4. 4. 9 .5

TAMWORTH 45310 J 6491 .9109 31 K 6525 .1109 31 L 6525 .2109 31 M 5905 .0389 31

5..2 5 .9 5 .4 5 .4

150 150 150 150

50 .9 54 .7 55 .9 55 .9

TANAMI 38499 J 6491 .9964

19 58 .1

value Isogal84 (fim s~ )

Location (for abbreviations see end)

978626.25 978624.73 978624.52 978622.57

9786120. 1 9786104.9 9786102.8 9786084. 1

A/S SHED A/S END STRIP A/S WAPET GS620

979685.74 979685.40 979651.51 979698.65 979695.81 979669. 12 979666.91 979607.92 979604.92 979698..57 979698..48 979699.,55 979696.,71 979698.,74 979698..47 979700..06 979699..00 979699..76 979698,.93 979666,.25 979666,.06

9796718.8 9796715.4 9796376..3 9796848. 2 9796820.0 9796552. 9 9796530..6 9795940..6 9795910..6 9796847.,2 9796846..0 9796856.,8 9796828..4 9796848.,8 9796846..0 9796861.,9 9796851..3 9796858,.8 9796850,.5 9796524,.0 9796522 .1

SYDNEY UNI OLD ABSOLUTE NEW ABSOLUTE A/S ROSE BAY BANKSTOWN A/S LANE COVE CS1 WAHROONGA CS2 WATER RES CS2A A/S OLD TERM A/S APRON FLIGHT FAC. LTD A/S INT TERM A/S OLD TERM A/S TAA TERM A/S TAX IWAY A/S ANA TERM AIR AMBULANCE ANSETT TERM LANE COVE CS1A LANE COVE CS1B

405,.24 979325 .05 385 .33 979329 .11 391 979326 .80 390 !69 979326 .87

129 42 .6 436 .88

TARCOOLA 45504 J 6491.9101 30 42.3 134 34.6

Gravity Isogal65 (mGal)

978564 .70

2

9793110 .9 A/S TERMINAL 9793151 .5 ROAD JN PM2533 9793128 .4 RS 9793129 .1 RS EA389 9785503 .5 A/S BM BO-01

120 .40 979333 .93 9793199 .0 A/S WINDSOCK

TENNANT CREEK 38394

A J K

5099.9934 6491.0134 6793.0134

19 38.6 134 11.0 375 .02 19 38.6 134 10.9 374.87 19 38.6 134 11.0 375

TERRY HILLS AIRSTRIP 42026 J 6793.9311 22 44.0 126 26.6

#

386.70

978528 .92 9785145 .5 A/S POWER 978528.86 9785145.0 A/S 978528 .94 9785145 .8 A/S TERMINAL 978668.80

9786545.3

A/S WINDSOCK

-34BMR station number

Latitude

Longitude

Altitude

S (°j »

(')

THARGOMINDAH 41873 J 6491.9013 27 59.3 K 6491.1013 27 59.8 L 8090.1013 27 59.3 M 8090.2013 27 59.3

(°) (')

(m)

Gravity Isogal65 (mGal)

value Isogal84 (pm s~ j

Location (for abbreviations see end)

2

48 .7 49 .3 48 .7 48 .7

130 .7 128 .61 130 .92 131 .19

979142 .61 979141 .63 979142 .41 979142 .35

9791285 .7 9791275 .9 9791283 .7 9791283 .1

A/S FUEL SHED SHIRE HALL QBM A/S TERMINAL A/S COVER

THURSDAY ISLAND