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金座上的寶石 —解 行 並 重 THE GEM SET IN GOLD 理 論 (Pariyatti)手 冊 內觀十日課程中的巴利及印地語唱誦

葛印卡老師

財團法人 臺灣內觀禪修基金會

   

恭敬、謙遜, 知足、感恩, 適時聽聞正法: 這樣最吉祥。 -- 釋迦摩尼佛,吉祥經

巴利文獻是內觀修行者的正法寶庫;如此甜美,就像摻了蜜 的蛋糕一樣,整個地甜美。每一句話都似仙饌般令人回味… 我肯定這個語言將會變得非常廣為人知。 -- 葛印卡





簡介 ................................................................................................. I 關於唱誦 ....................................................................................... IV 巴利發音 ...................................................................................... .VI 十日課程開課當晚唱誦 ................................................................. 1 十日課程每日晨間唱誦 ................................................................. 7 巴利經文之前 Pre-Pāli Sutta ................................................... 7 巴利經文之後 Post-Pāli Sutta ................................................. 12 第一天──阿吒曩胝經 Āṭānāṭiya Suttaṃ .................................. 23 第二天──三寶經 Ratana Suttaṃ ................................................. 29 第三天──慈心應作經 Karaṇīyametta Suttaṃ .......................... 33 第四天──佛勝吉祥偈 Buddha Jayamaṅgala-aṭṭhagāthā .......... 35 第五天──三法發趣 Tikapaṭṭhāna ............................................. 37 第六天──緣起 Paṭiccasamuppāda ............................................. 39 第七天──七覺支護衛經 Bojjhaṅga-paritta ................................ 43 第八天──友益經 Mittānisaṃsa ................................................... 45 第九天──吉祥經 Maṅgala Suttaṃ ............................................ 49 第十天──慈心觀 Mettā-bhāvanā .............................................. 53 集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 ........................................................... 55 內觀方法指導時段的唱誦 ..................................................... 59 堅決靜坐共修唱誦 Adhiṭṭhāna ............................................. 62 慈悲日唱誦 Mettā ................................................................. 67 開示中引用的巴利經句 ............................................................... 73 附錄:巴利唱誦的字義 .......................................................... 83 參考文獻............................................................................... 115

簡介 敬愛的內觀禪修老師,葛印卡先生(S.N. Goenka)在 1969 年離開家 鄉緬甸前往印度。當時緬甸的海關,對於走私珠寶特別警戒。在仰光機場, 葛印卡老師被詢問是否攜帶任何貴重物品。他微笑地回答:「我帶著一種 珍寶。」然後向表示關切的海關人員繼續解釋:「我從這裡帶走的珍寶, 將會償還緬甸積欠印度的恩惠。它原先來自於印度,而印度現在極需要它。 雖然我將它帶走,緬甸並不會因而有任何虧損。我所攜帶的就是法的珍寶 (the jewel of the Dhamma)。」 這個珍寶,是佛陀莊嚴的實修教導,現在已經傳授給全世界的人們。 在緬甸這個小國家審慎地保存了幾世紀之後,在葛印卡老師慈悲又積極的 指導下,法已經回到了它的發源地印度,並從印度再傳遍世界各地。成千 上萬來自各種不同文化、宗教及國家的人們,已經開始走上這條古道,讓 自己從痛苦的束縛中解脫。 葛印卡老師所弘傳的寶藏就是內觀(Vipassana),佛陀教法的精髓。 他以自己的話,用現代的語言來弘傳這個實修的珍寶,同時也鼓勵大家以 佛陀採用的語言──巴利語(Pāli),來研習佛陀原始的教法。而法的兩個相 輔相成的面向,在巴利語稱之為 paṭipatti(行 --實修) 和 pariyatti(解 --

理論)。葛印卡老師將這兩者視為:「珍寶,由於黃金鑲座而更加璀璨。」 身為老師,葛印卡先生總是強調實修(paṭipatti),因為唯有透過有系 統地自我省察而體驗真理,才能淨化內心並解脫痛苦:這就是法寶。不過, 和實修練習攜手並進的,還有如同保護珍貴珠寶之金座的理論基礎。扎實 的理論(pariyatti)基礎,提供必要的指引及啟發,讓禪修者得以在正道上 持續邁出正確的步伐。 葛印卡老師精通理論和實修,對於我們這一代及後人來說真是幸運。 當他 1969 年來到印度時,的確是帶著法的兩個面向而來的;包括他獨特 的禪修教法,和千百部以緬甸文書寫的巴利三藏(Tipiṭaka)經典。 至今幾十年來,這兩個面向已逐漸開花結果。成千上萬的尋法者,在 世界各地參加了內觀十日課程,親身體驗法(Dhamma)的蛻變效益,將 佛陀的言教付諸實修,並開始從痛苦中出離。而透過內觀研究所 I

II 金座上的寶石—解行並重

(Vipassana Research Institute,成立於 1985 年)的出版品,禪修者得以研 讀佛陀的言教,並且更加深入實修。 葛印卡老師解釋佛陀教法的卓絕能力,得力於他精通包括巴利語等數 種語言。巴利語是佛陀說法的語言,也是保存佛陀教法的語言。如同梵文 和拉丁文,巴利語也不是現代的口語,而是所謂「死的語言」,然而它卻 是個媒介,傳遞並暉映出一個活生生的傳承。 巴利語在許多方面都很獨特。Pāli這個字的意思之一,就是「保護, 或保存」。巴利語之所以存在,就是為了保存釋迦牟尼佛這位覺悟者所說 的法。據傳統記載:藉著呈現殊勝教法而讓眾生從痛苦輪迴中解脫,巴利 語保護了人們;也保存了如無價珍寶般的佛陀法語。 忠實使用佛陀的語言,一直是南傳佛教國家極其重要的傳統,這為巴 利語保存了其最古老的風貌。因此忠於佛陀的巴利話語,一直是葛印卡老 師以及他所代表的傳承之核心教導。 內觀課程的學員都是在一個結合了理論和實修(pariyatti 和 paṭipatti) 無上功德的特別環境裡修習,一個環境。學員在長時間的靜默內觀中,穿 插著葛印卡老師印地語或英語的錄音指導下,進行細膩又艱巨的任務,檢 視自己的心。學員很熟悉葛印卡老師穿插採用巴利語作每天的開示(說明 禪修方法的理論)以及唱誦。唱誦則包括佛陀的說法,以及葛印卡老師自 己創作的,能啟發人心,押韻的印地語對句(doha)。 法的老師各有不同的表達方式。對葛印卡老師而言(他是母語拉加斯 坦語 Rajasthani 及印地語 Hindi 的詩人兼演說家),旋律優美的巴利語和 印地語對句,是他傳達無盡慈愛(mettā 對一切眾生的善意)的媒介。當 他以巴利語或母語唱誦時,隨著他聲音的共鳴,傳來的是悲憫和慈愛的波 動。為法的受持和修行,提供了合適且有益的氛圍。 多年來,禪修者一直都想了解葛印卡老師在十日課程中唱誦的內容。 本書第一次完整編輯了這些法句,以及翻譯。事實上,這本書連結了上自 佛世直至今日所有保存這個修法原始純淨的修行傳承。 本書除了理論──大量收集佛陀以及一位當代出色的老師啟發人心的 文句之外,也結合了實際的修行,因而實至名歸。聆聽葛印卡老師唱誦的 學員,將會在深入修行的課程裡,在純淨的環境中實踐佛陀所說的法。本

簡介 III

書讀者將了解這些唱誦的意思,並且能夠更深入地運用在實修練習。 願本書利益世世代代,並有助於達成葛印卡老師的教誨:「我們的目 標一直都是在自身內體驗法,從所有痛苦中出離。而達成目標的方法就是 內觀禪修的實踐。閱讀、寫作及研討都只是為了尋求指引及啟發,好讓實 修能夠更為深入,以趨向解脫的目標。」

IV 金座上的寶石—解行並重

關於唱誦 十日課程中葛印卡老師唱誦的幾個時段,在所有錄音教材中是一樣的。 本書裡的唱誦,取自 1985 年在印度法崗(Dhamma Giri)所錄製的印地語 (Hindi)-英語雙語教材。由於葛印卡老師是用印地語及英語直接教導, 因此這也是用來翻譯成各種其它語言的教材版本,也就是國際標準教材。 這個版本與 1984 年在美國麻州 Dhamma Dharā所錄的英語教材,在印地 語對句(doha)上稍有不同。由於只是少部分的小差別,因此我們並未特 別註記,以免讓本書太過複雜。 每天早晨唱誦的巴利經(Pāli sutta),各有不同的出處。在每天的經 文之前會穿插一小段註記,說明該經文的相關文獻以及在巴利三藏的出處。 有幾天的「經文」並非出自巴利三藏(Pāli Tipiṭaka)。它們是傳統的護衛 經唱誦(paritta),在南傳佛教國家保存了二十幾個世紀,並已成為修行 日課的一部份。 護衛經(paritta)是個非常古老的傳統,可以回溯至佛陀當時。在長 部(Dīgha-nikāya)的阿吒曩胝經(Āṭānāṭiya Sutta)〔Āṭānāṭa:古城名, 讀音如「阿塔那塔」〕的結尾,佛陀這樣勉勵比丘:「比丘們(Bhikkhus), 你們應該學習阿塔那塔(Āṭānāṭa)這些護衛經偈,熟練並牢記它們。它們 是為了你們的利益,透過它們,比丘、比丘尼、在家男女居士都可以受到 衛護、保護,不受傷害而安心地生活。」另外,律藏(Vinaya-piṭaka)小 品第五(Cūḷavagga, 5),佛陀教導比丘蘊護經(Khandha-paritta),給予 蛇及其它野生動物慈愛(mettā)的方法,以保護自己免於受到牠們的傷 害。 從這些最古老的起源,久而久之就有了適用不同情境的護衛經paritta, 或說護衛詩偈的集成。有些出自經典,但通常會加上後來創作的詩句作為 簡介。其它則是一些和巴利三藏中的事件或經文有關而集成的啟發性詩偈。 本書裡的晨間唱誦,就包含了這幾種類型的例子。 每天共修開始和結束的唱誦,則有葛印卡老師的印地語對句(doha)。 這些doha及它們的英文翻譯,早就出現在《來吧!世人們!》 (Come People

關於唱誦 V

of the World)這本小冊子裡。而本書的目的則是完整編輯十日課程中學員 所聽到的,包括印地語和巴利語的所有唱誦。因此這些doha也包括在本書 內。 收在本書最末章的夜間開示巴利文句,許多也出現在唱誦,或在每天 的晨間唱誦。雖然有重複的情形,我們仍然納入這一章,以方便讀者找到 在開示中聽見的句子。 過去幾十年來,葛印卡老師在各個不同地點教導,也錄過很多次開示。 他曾在不同時間地點,引用佛陀教法中不同的巴利文句來闡釋開示的重點。 在早期教導的課程中,引用的巴利語比較多。後來,他開始在西方教導後, 某些文句整段去掉了,或是只有翻譯而未真正引用巴利語。本書開示中的 巴利文句那一章,是取自 1991 年於美國加州Dhamma Mahāvana的錄音教 材。 我們嘗試從翻譯傳達原文的精神,並且盡量逐字逐行貼近原文。如此 即使只懂一點巴利語,不懂印地語,也能繼續閱讀,並且能就某字或某句 對照原文和英文。不過,為了符合譯文文法,還是不可能逐行對照翻譯。 那些想更審慎研讀巴利語的讀者,可以在附錄裡找到晨間唱誦巴利經 文中關鍵詞的意思。本書並無意成為完整的文法書或教科書。坊間已有多 本巴利教科書,若結合其中之一來使用,本書應該可以幫助研習巴利語的 學生,更審慎地了解翻譯。 編者 內觀研究所 法崗,2006

VI 金座上的寶石—解行並重

巴利語(PĀLI)和印地語(HINDI)的發音說明 巴利語(Pāli)字母由四十一個字體組成:8 個母音和 33 個子音。 母音:a,ā,i,ī,u,ū,e,o 子音: 軟顎音: k

kh g

gh ṅ

上顎音: c

ch j

jh ñ

捲舌音: ṭ

ṭh ḍ

ḍh ṇ

齒音: t

th d

dh n

唇音: p

ph b

bh m

各種各樣的子音: y,r,l,v,s,h,ḷ,ṃ 母音a,i,u為短音;ā,ī,ū 為長音;e和 o是發長音的,除了前面是兩 個子音時:deva,mettā;loka,phoṭṭhabbā。 a 就像「about」中的「a」發音;ā就像「father」中的「a」; i 就像「mint」中的「i」發音;ī 就像「see」中的「ee」; u 就像「put」中的「u」發音;ū就像「pool」中的「oo」。 子音c如同「church」中的「ch」發音。所有的送氣子音是在正常的無氣音 之後發出聽得見的送氣聲來。因此 th不像「three」而是更像在「Thailand」 中的音,ph不是像「photo」而是相當於「p」伴隨著氣息的排氣發音。 捲舌的子音,ṭ,ṭh,ḍ,ḍh,ṇ是以舌尖後捲而發出,反之,齒音子音,t, th,d,dh,n,則是舌尖碰觸上方牙齒。 上顎鼻音,ñ,是如同西班牙語的「señor」中的「ñ」一樣。軟顎鼻音,ṅ, 就像「singer」中的「ng」發音,但只和它的組群中的其他子音一同出現: ṅk、ṅkh、 ṅg、ṅgh。ṃ 的發音和 ṅ 的相似,但最通常出現在尾音的鼻 音化:「evaṃ me suttaṃ」。巴利語(Pāli)中的 v是個輕音的「v」或「w」, 而 ḷ是以舌頭後捲的發音,幾乎是聯合的「rl」音。

關於唱誦 VII

印地語(Hindi)和巴利語使用相同的字體,除了ḷ之外。此外,印地語也 多了四個母音和兩個子音。 母音:ai,au,ḥ,ṛ 子音: ś,ṣ 母音ai,au的發音就如同英文,ai就像「aee」,而au就像「loud」中的「ou」。 (請注意,印地語轉寫為羅馬字母時,ie並非雙母音,而是各別發音的兩 個母音,ae也一樣。) ḥ是母音後面跟的氣音,例如:「 aḥ」就像是「uh」。 ṛ就像是唸出「 r」,發音像「ri」以發顫音的「r」發音。 ś是捲舌發音的「sh」; ṣ是上顎音的「sh」。 鼻音則和巴利語一樣,但以不同形式表示(n,ṅ,ñ,ṇ,m,ṃ),可以 說是接近英語的正確發音。

十日課程開課當晚唱誦 Namo tassa bhagavato, arahato, sammā-sambuddhassa.

禮敬世尊,阿羅漢, 正等正覺者

Opening Hindi Chanting

【開課的印地語唱誦】

Jaya jaya jaya gurudevajū, jaya jaya kripānidhāna; dharama ratana aisā diyā, huvā parama kalyāṇa.

我的老師,願您勝利; 悲憫的人,願您勝利。 您給我這個正法之寶 對我如此有益。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa, biṣayana rasa na lubhāya; dharama sāra aisā diyā, chilake diye chuḍāya.

您讓我品嚐正法之甘露, 現在沒有欲愛能引誘我。 您所給予的正法精要, 讓〔無明的〕硬殼剝落。

Dharama diyā kaisā sabala, paga paga kare sahāya; bhaya bhairava sāre miṭe, nirbhaya diyā banāya.

您給予如此強而有力的正法, 幫助並支持我的每一步, 幫助我擺脫所有恐懼, 讓我毫無畏懼。

Roma roma kirataga huvā, ṛṇa na cukāyā jāya; jīvūṅ jīvana dharama kā, dukhiyana bāṭūṅ dharama sukha, yahī ucita upāya.

這種感恩從每一個毛孔流出, 我無以回報。 我將如法生活, 並將此利益傳給〔世上〕 受苦的人, 這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Dharama gaṅga ke tīra para, dukhiyāroṅ kī bhīḍa; saba ke mana ke dukha miṭe, dūra hoya bhava pīḍa.

在正法的恆河岸上, 擠滿了受苦的人; 願他們都脫離痛苦, 並解脫生死輪迴苦。 1

2 金座上的寶石—解行並重

Guruvara terī ora se, devūṅ dharama ka dāna; jo jo āye tapa karaṇa, ho sabaka kalyāṇa.

喔 我的老師,以您之名, 我給予法的布施。 願所有來此禪修的人, 快樂安詳。

Sabake mana jāge dharama, mukti dukhoṅ se hoya; antara kī gāṅtheṅ khule, mānasa niramala hoya, saba ka maṅgala hoya.

願正法於每一個人心中生起, 願他們解脫痛苦。 願他們得以解開最深的心結, 願他們的心淨化, 願大家快樂安詳。

Ananta pūṇyamayī, ananta guṇamayī, buddha kī nirvāṇa-dhātu, dharama-dhātu, bodhi-dhātu. Śīśa para jāge sabhī ke, hṛdaya meṅ jāge sabhī ke, aṅga-aṅga jāge sabhī ke.

無量功德的根源, 無量德行的根源, 〔是〕佛陀的涅槃要素, 法的要素,菩提要素! 願它每一刻都在頭〔頂〕生起, 每一刻都在心生起, 每一刻都在全身每一部分生起。

Ananta pūṇyamayī ananta guṇamayī, dharama kī nirvāṇa-dhātu, jñāna-dhātu, bodhi-dhātu. Śīśa para jāge sabhī ke, hṛdaya meṅ jāge sabhī ke, aṅga-aṅga jāge sabhī ke.

無量功德的根源, 無量德行的根源, 〔是〕正法的涅槃要素, 法的要素,菩提要素! 願它每一刻都在頭〔頂〕生起, 每一刻都在心生起, 每一刻都在全身每一部分生起。

Ananta pūṇyamayī ananta guṇamayī, saṅgha kī nirvāṇa-dhātu, dharama-dhātu, bodhi-dhātu. Śīśa para jāge sabhī ke, hṛdaya meṅ jāge sabhī ke, aṅga-aṅga jāge sabhī ke.

無量功德的根源, 無量德行的根源, 〔是〕僧伽的涅槃要素, 法的要素,菩提要素! 願它每一刻都在頭〔頂〕生起, 每一刻都在心生起, 每一刻都在全身每一部分生起。

十日課程開課當晚唱誦 3

Pali Formalities

【巴利程序】

Tisaraṇa-gamanaṃ

皈依三寶

Buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi

我皈依佛 我皈依法 我皈依僧。

Pañca-sīla

五戒

Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Adinnādānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Kāmesu micchācārā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Musā-vādā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Surā-meraya-majjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi.

我受持不殺生的戒。(我接受戒的訓 練,學習戒除殺生的行為。) 我受持不偷盜的戒。(我接受戒的訓 練,學習戒除偷盜的行為。) 我受持不邪淫的戒。(我接受戒的訓 練,學習戒除邪淫的行為。) 我受持不妄語的戒。(我接受戒的訓 練,學習戒除妄語。) 我受持戒除所有酒毒品的戒。(我接 受戒的訓練,學習戒除所有麻醉品和 會導致懈怠的物品﹙如酒、毒品等)。

Aṭṭhaṅga-sīla Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Adinnādānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Abrahmacariyā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Musā-vādā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Surā-meraya-majjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Vikālabhojanā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi.

八戒 我受持不殺生的戒。 我受持不偷盜的戒。 我受持不淫(獨身)的戒。 我受持不妄語的戒。 我受持戒除所有酒毒品的戒。

我受持不在不恰當的時間進食(不 非時食)的戒。

4 金座上的寶石—解行並重

Nacca-gīta-vāditavisūkadassanā- mālā-gandhavilepana-dhāraṇa-maṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Uccāsayana-mahāsayanā veramaṇi sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi.

我受持不跳舞、不唱歌、不奏樂、 不享受各種感官上的娛樂,不以 花鬘、香水、化妝品、珠寶裝飾 身體(不著香花鬘、不香油塗身; 不歌舞倡伎、不故往觀聽)的戒。 我受持不睡高大、奢華的床的(不坐 臥高廣大床)戒。

Pariccajāmi

交託自我

Imāhaṃ bhante attabhāvaṃ jīvitaṃ bhagavato pariccajāmi. Imāhaṃ bhante attabhāvaṃ jīvitaṃ ācariyassa pariccajāmi.

老師,我將自己的生命完全交託於 佛陀〔以得到適當的指引與保 護〕。 老師,我將自己的生命完全交託於 現在的老師〔以得到適當的指引與 保護〕。

Kammaṭṭhāna

求法〔業處〕

Nibbānassa sacchikaraṇatthāya me bhante ānāpāna kammaṭṭhānaṃ dehi.

為了體證涅槃, 老師,請給我安那般那(觀息法)禪 修的對象(所緣〔業處〕)。

Closing Chanting, after Anapana Instructions

【安那般那方法(觀息法)指導後的 結束唱誦】

Hindi:

印地語:

Sādhaka terā ho bhalā, ho maṅgala kalyāṇa; Sāṅsa sāṅsa ko nirakhate, dṛḍha ho ānāpāna.

喔 禪修者〔男性〕,願你快樂, 安詳,解脫。 持續覺知每一個氣息, 願你的安那般那根基堅固。

Beṭī terā ho bhalā,

喔 女兒,願妳快樂,

十日課程開課當晚唱誦 5

ho terā kalyāṇa; Sāṅsa sāṅsa para mana ṭike, dṛḍha ho jāye dhyāna

安詳,解脫。 專注於每一個氣息, 願你的禪修根基堅固。

Pāli:

巴利:

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂(3 次)。

[Sādhu, sādhu, sādhu.]

〔善哉,善哉,善哉〕

每日晨間唱誦 葛印卡老師在十日課程中,每天都在早餐前,日出之時以一段唱誦作為修 習的開始。每日晨間唱誦,有個基本架構。以葛印卡老師創作的印地語對 句(doha)開始,勉勵每個人警醒並聆聽正法之語。接著是一段巴利語唱 誦,每天重複但略有不同。然後是當天的主要經文(sutta),之後再以一 段印地語對句及對所有學員的祝福,作為結束。 本章列出此晨間唱誦的基本框架,以及每天的不同。至於每天的主要經文, 則分別列在後續的各章中。

Hindi

印地語

1.a) Jāgo logo jagata ke, bītī kālī rāta; huā ujālā dharama kā maṅgala huā prabhāta.

1.a)覺醒吧!世人! 暗夜已過去。 正法之光已臨, 快樂的破曉。

Āo prāṇī viśva ke, suno dharama kā jñāna; isa meṅ sukha hai, śānti hai, mukti mokṣa nirvāṇa.

來吧!眾生! 聆聽正法的智慧。 這兒有快樂及安詳, 自由、解脫、涅槃。

Yaha to vāṇi buddha kī, śuddha dharama kī jyota; akṣara akṣara meṅ bharā, maṅgala otaparota.

這些是佛陀之語, 純淨正法的光輝, 它們的每一音節, 都瀰漫著快樂。

Buddha-vāṇī mīṭhī ghaṇī, misarī ke se bola; kalyāṇī maṅgalamayī, bharā amṛtarasa ghola.

甜美的佛陀之語, 每一句話都甘甜如蜜, 帶來幸福快樂, 充滿不死滋味。 7

8 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Or (days 8, 9, 10) 1.b) Jāgo logo jagata ke, bītī kālī rāta; huā ujālā dharama kā, maṅgala huā prabhāta.

或(第 8,9,10 天) 1.b)覺醒吧!世人! 暗夜已過去。 正法之光已臨, 快樂的破曉。

Āo prāṇī viśva ke, caleṅ dharama ke pantha; dharama pantha hī śānti patha, dharama pantha sukha pantha.

來吧!眾生! 讓我們步上正法之道。 正法之道是安詳之道, 正法之道是快樂之道。

Ādi māṅhi kalyāṇa hai, madhya māṅhi kalyāṇa; anta māṅhi kalyāṇa hai, kadama kadama kalyāṇa.

開頭有利益, 中間有利益, 結尾有利益── 每一步都有利益。

Śīla māṅhi kalyāṇa hai, hai samādhi kalyāṇa; prajñā to kalyāṇa hai, pragaṭe pada nirvāṇa.

戒有利益, 定有利益, 慧有利益, 導向涅槃。

Kitane dina bhaṭakata phire, andhī galiṅyoṇ māṅhi! Aba to pāyā rāja-patha, vāpasa muḍanā nāṅhi. Aba to pāyā vimala patha, pīche haṭanā nāṅhi.

我們在窮途死巷裡持續徘徊許 久! 既然已找到康莊大道, 就絕不回頭。 既然已找到清淨之道, 就絕不折返。

Pāli 2.a) Deva-āhvānasuttaṃ Samantā cakkavāḷesu, atrāgacchantu devatā; (3x) saddhammaṃ munirājassa, suṇantu sagga-mokkhadaṃ Dhammassavaṇakālo ayaṃ, bhadantā. (3x).

巴利 2.a)向天眾致詞 從十方各界而來,匯聚於此的 天眾,(3 次) 聆聽聖王趨向天界善趣與解脫 的純淨正法。 諸位大德,現在正是聆聽正法 的時候。(3 次)

每日晨間唱誦/巴利經文之前 9

Or (days 2, 4, 6, 8, 9) 2.b) Ye santā santa-cittā, tisaraṇa-saraṇā, ettha lokantare vā;

或(第 2,4,6,8,9 天) 2.b)在此世界或他界, 皈依三寶、 內心安寧祥和的眾生;

bhummābhummā ca devā, guṇa-gaṇa-gahaṇā, byāvaṭā sabbakālaṃ;

居住在地上或他方, 時時刻刻持續累積功德 的天眾;

ete āyantu devā, (3x) vara-kanaka-maye, Merurāje vasanto;

願居住於殊勝的黃金之山: 須彌山(Meru)的天眾到來; (3 次)

Santo santosa-hetuṃ, munivara-vacanaṃ, sotumaggaṃ samaggaṃ. (3x)

為了安詳與喜悅, 〔願他們到來〕一起聆聽, 佛陀的絕妙法語。(3 次)

3.) Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammā-sambuddhassa. (3x)

3.) 禮敬世尊,阿羅漢, 正等正覺者。

4.) Buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi; dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi; saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi.

4.)我皈依佛, 我皈依法, 我皈依僧。

5.) Imāya Dhammānudhammapaṭipattiyā, buddhaṃ pūjemi; dhammaṃ pūjemi, saṅghaṃ pūjemi.

5.)藉由行於正法之道, 從最初至最終, 我禮敬佛; 我禮敬法; 我禮敬僧。

6.) Ye ca Buddhā atītā ca, ye ca Buddhā anāgatā; paccuppannā ca ye Buddhā, ahaṃ vandāmi sabbadā.

6.)我總是禮敬, 過去諸佛, 現在諸佛, 未來諸佛。

10 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Ye ca Dhammā atītā ca, ye ca Dhammā anāgatā; paccuppannā ca ye Dhammā, ahaṃ vandāmi sabbadā. Ye ca Saṅghā atītā ca, ye ca Saṅghā anāgatā; paccuppannā ca ye Saṅghā, ahaṃ vandāmi sabbadā. 7.) Natthi me saraṇaṃ aññaṃ, Buddho me saraṇaṃ varaṃ; etena sacca-vajjena, jayassu jaya-maṅgalaṃ.

我總是禮敬, 過去諸法, 現在諸法, 未來諸法。 我總是禮敬, 過去僧伽, 現在僧伽, 未來僧伽。 7.)我沒有其他依皈, 佛陀是我最好的依皈, 以此真實語: 願勝利、快樂!

Natthi me saraṇaṃ aññaṃ, Dhammo me saraṇaṃ varaṃ; etena sacca-vajjena, bhavatu te jaya-maṅgalaṃ.

我沒有其他依皈, 法是我最好的依皈, 以此真實語: 願你們勝利、快樂!

Natthi me saraṇaṃ aññaṃ, Saṅgho me saraṇaṃ varaṃ; etena sacca-vajjena, bhavatu sabba-maṅgalaṃ.

我沒有其他依皈, 僧伽是我最好的依皈, 以此真實語: 願眾生勝利、快樂!

Tiratana Vandanā 8.) Iti’pi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammā-sambuddho, vijjācaraṇa-sampanno, sugato, lokavidū, anuttaro purisa-damma-sārathī, satthā deva-manussānaṃ, Buddho Bhagavāti.

禮讚三寶 8.) 世尊亦即是(佛陀確實已從染污不 淨中解脫),阿羅漢(消滅了心的 所有煩惱),正等正覺(經由自己 的努力而完全解脫),明行具足 (理論及實修皆圓滿通達),善逝 (已達到最終目標),世間解(了 知世間一切),無比調御丈夫(無 與倫比的教練馴服者),一切天人 導師(天眾及世人的導師),唯我 佛陀世尊(這就是佛陀,世尊)。

每日晨間唱誦/巴利經文之前 11

9.) Svākkhāto Bhagavatā Dhammo, sandiṭṭhiko, akāliko, ehi-passiko, opaneyyiko, paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ ti.

9.)世尊教法詳明確(世尊的教法 是清楚解釋的),學人皆可自 明了(讓人親身體驗自見), 當下能得知成果(此時此地就 能獲得成果),邀君即來即得 見(親自來看看吧)! 直指標的無曲折(直指目標), 有智之人自可解(任何有理智 的人都可以體證)。

10.) Suppaṭipanno Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho;

10.)修行圓滿諸弟子,世尊僧 團得久住(良好修行的人,形 成世尊的僧伽弟子)。

ujuppaṭipanno Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho;

修行正直諸弟子,世尊僧團 得久住(正直修行的人,形成 世尊的僧伽弟子)。

ñāyappaṭipanno Bhagavato sāvaka saṅgho;

修行智敏諸弟子,世尊僧團 得久住(睿智修行的人,形成 世尊的僧伽弟子)。

sāmīcippaṭipanno Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho;

修行切當諸弟子,世尊僧團 得久住。(適當修行的人,形 成世尊的僧伽弟子)

yadidaṃ cattāri purisa-yugāni, aṭṭha-purisa-puggalā, esa Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho;

四雙八輩諸弟子,世尊僧團 得久住(就是這四雙八輩,形 成世尊的僧伽弟子)。

āhuneyyo, pāhuneyyo, dakkhiṇeyyo, añjali-karaṇīyo, anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti.

虔誠禮敬勤供養,世間無比 大福田。(值得供奉,招待, 供養,禮敬,是無比的世間 福田)。

接下來是每天的巴利經文唱誦

12 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

巴利經文之後 這段經文摘自《三寶經》(Ratana Sutta),在每天的巴利經文唱誦結束後 出現。代表晨間唱誦的巴利部分已經結束,接下來是結尾的印地語唱誦。 Yānīdha bhūtāni samāgatāni, bhummāni vā yāni’va antalikkhe; tathāgataṃ devamanussapūjitaṃ, buddhaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu; dhammaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu; saṅghaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu

任何聚集於此的眾生, 無論在地上或天上, 如來受到天眾及人的尊崇; 我們禮敬佛;祝福快樂; 我們禮敬法;祝福快樂; 我們禮敬僧;祝福快樂。

Hindi Day 1

印地語 第1天

Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko, caraṇana śīśa navāya; dharama ratana aisā diyā, pāpa samīpa na āya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師, 我稽首頂禮他的雙足; 他給我這麼珍貴的法 使得邪惡不能靠近我。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa, biṣayana rasa na lubhāya; dharama sāra aisā diyā, chilake diye chuḍāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露, 現在沒有欲愛能引誘我。 他所給予的正法精要, 讓〔無明的〕硬殼剝落。

Roma roma kirataga huā, ṛṇa na cukāyā jāya; jīūṅ jīvana dharama kā, dukhiyana kī sevā karūṅ, yahī ucita upāya.

這種感恩從每一個毛孔流出, 我無以回報。 我將如法生活, 並服務〔世上〕受苦的人們, 這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, bhalā sabhī kā hoya; jo jo āye tapa karaṇa, sabakā maṅgala hoya.

以此服務的功德, 願一切眾生快樂! 願所有來此禪修的人快樂!

每日晨間唱誦/巴利經文之後 13

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ.

願一切眾生快樂。

Sabakā maṅgala, sabakā maṅgala, sabakā maṅgala hoya re. Terā maṅgala, terā maṅgala, terā maṅgala hoya re.

願大家快樂,願大家快樂, 願大家快樂! 願你快樂,願你快樂, 願你快樂!

Jo jo āye tapa karane ko, (2x) saba ke dukhaḍe dūra hoṅ. (2x) Janama janama ke bandhana ṭūṭeṅ, antaratama kī gānṭheṅ ṭūṭeṅ; mānasa niramala hoya re.

願所有來此禪修的人脫離痛苦。 (2 次) 願他們從生死輪迴的束縛解脫, 願他們解開最深的心結, 願他們的心淨化。

Sabakā maṅgala, sabakā maṅgala, sabakā maṅgala hoya re. Terā maṅgala, terā maṅgala, terā maṅgala hoya re. Jana jana maṅgala, jana jana maṅgala, jana jana sukhiyā hoya re.

願大家快樂,願大家快樂, 願大家快樂! 願你快樂,願你快樂, 願你快樂! 願一切眾生快樂, 願一切眾生快樂, 願一切眾生安詳!

Day 2

第2天

前三首對句(doha)是重複的,只偶爾有些變化,而結尾都一樣是「Sabakā maṅgala」,只是每天稍有不同。下面只列出每天的不同處: Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko . . . . yahī ucita upāya.

…這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, bhalā sabhī kā hoya; sabake mana jāge dharama, sabakā maṅgala hoya.

以此服務的功德, 願大家快樂! 願大家心裡生起正法, 願大家快樂!

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師,…

14 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Sabakā maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,…

Isa dharatī ke jitane prāṇī, (2x) sabake dukhaḍe dūra hoṅ. (2x) Janama janama ke bandhana ṭūṭeṅ,

願此地的一切眾生脫離痛苦。 (2 次) 願他們從生死輪迴的束縛解脫,

antaratama kī gānṭheṅ ṭūṭeṅ; mānasa niramala hoya re.

願他們解開最深的心結, 願他們的心淨化。

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

Day 3

第3天

Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko . . . . ….yahī ucita upāya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師,… …這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, bhalā sabhī kā hoya; Sabake mana jāge dharama, mukti dukhoṅ se hoya, sabakā maṅgala hoya.

以此服務的功德, 願一切眾生快樂! 願大家心裡生起正法, 願大家快樂!

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,…

Dṛśya aura adṛśya, sabhī jīvoṅ kā maṅgala hoya re. (2x) Nirabhaya hoṅ nirabaira bane saba, (2x) sabhī nirāmaya hoṅya re.

看得見或看不見的, 願一切眾生快樂。(2 次) 願大家脫離恐懼與怨恨。 (2 次) 願大家脫離疾病。

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

每日晨間唱誦/巴利經文之後 15

Day 4

第4天

Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko, sādara śīśa navāya; dharama ratana aisā diyā, pāpa panapa nahīṅ pāya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師, 恭敬地稽首頂禮。 他給我這麼珍貴的法 讓邪惡不能在我心滋長。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa . . . . . . yahī ucita upāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露,… …這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Āja dharama kā divasa hai, deūṅ dharama kā dāna; jo āye tapane yahāṅ, ho sabakā kalyāṇa, ho sabakā kalyāṇa.

今天是正法之日, 我給予正法之禮, 所有來此禪修的人, 願他們快樂! 願他們快樂!

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,…

Jo jo āye tapa karane ko, (2x) sabake dukhaḍe dūra hoṅ. (2x) Sabake mana prajñā jaga jāye, (2x) antasa niramala hoya re. (2x)

願所有來此禪修的人脫離煩惱。 (2 次) 願大家心裡生起智慧,(2 次) 願他們的心完全淨化。(2 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

Day 5

第5天

Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko, savinaya śīśa navāya; dharama ratana aisā diyā, pāpa nikaṭa nahīṅ āya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師, 謙虛地稽首頂禮。 他給我這麼珍貴的法。 使得邪惡不能靠近我。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa . . . . . . yahī ucita upāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露,… …這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

16 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, dharama ujāgara hoya; kaṭe andherā pāpa kā, jana mana harakhita hoya, sabakā maṅgala hoya.

以此服務的功德, 願正法弘傳! 願根除邪惡的黑暗, 願大家的心歡喜, 願大家快樂!

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,…

Śuddha dharama dharatī para jāge, (2x) pāpa parājita hoya re, pāpa tirohita hoya re. Jana mana ke dukhaḍe miṭa jāyeṅ, (2x) jana jana maṅgala hoya re.

願純淨正法在此地生起, 願擊潰邪惡, 願驅散邪惡, 願大家滅除心的煩惱。(2 次) 願大家快樂。

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

Day 6

第6天

Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko, caraṇana śīśa navāya; dharama ratana aisā diyā, pāpa panapa nahīṅ pāya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師, 我稽首頂禮他的雙足。 他給我這麼珍貴的法。 讓邪惡不能在我心滋長。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa . . . . . . yahī ucita upāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露,… …這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, dharama ujāgara hoya; kaṭe andherā pāpa kā, jana jana hita-sukha hoya, (2x) jana jana maṅgala hoya.

以此服務的功德, 願正法弘傳! 願根除邪惡的黑暗, 願一切眾生快樂幸福,(2 次) 願一切眾生快樂!

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

每日晨間唱誦/巴利經文之後 17

Sabakā maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,…

Isa dharatī ke taru-tṛṇa meṅ, kaṇa-kaṇa meṅ dharama samā jāye. (2x)

願每一棵樹,每一片草葉, 以及此地的每一粒土, 都充滿正法。(2 次)

Jo bhī tape isa tapobhūmi para, (2x) mukta dukhoṅ se ho jāye. (2x)

願在此正法園地全部的禪修者, (2 次) 解脫一切痛苦。(2 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

Day 7

第7天

Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko, caraṇana śīśa navāya; dharama ratana aisā diyā, pāpa nikaṭa nahīṅ āya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師, 我稽首頂禮他的雙足。 他給我這麼珍貴的法, 使得邪惡不能靠近我。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa . . . . . . yahī ucita upāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露,… …這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, sukhī hoṅya saba loga; sabake mana jāge dharama, dūra hoya bhava roga.

以此服務的功德, 願所有人都快樂。 願所有人的心中生起正法, 願大家脫離生死輪迴。

Dukhiyāre dukhamukta hoṅ, bhaya tyāgeṅ bhayabhīta; baira choḍa kara loga saba, kareṅ paraspara prīta.

願痛苦者脫離痛苦, 願恐懼者脫離恐懼, 願一切眾生放下敵意, 關愛彼此。

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,…

18 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Isa dharatī ke jitane prāṇī, tapobhūmi ke jitane tāpasa, maṅgala se bharapūra hoṅ. (2x) Rāga dveṣa sabake miṭa jāyeṅ, (2x) roga śoka saba dūra hoṅ. (2x)

願此地的一切眾生, 願此正法園地全部的禪修者, 都充滿快樂。(2 次) 願他們根除貪瞋,(2 次) 願他們脫離疾病和憂傷。(2 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

Day 8

第8天

Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko, sādara śīśa navāya; dharama ratana aisā diyā, pāpa upaja nahīṅ pāya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師, 我稽首頂禮他的雙足。 他給我這麼珍貴的法, 讓我不生邪惡。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa . . . . . . yahī ucita upāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露,… …這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, dharama ujāgara hoya; kaṭe andherā pāpa kā, jana mana harakhita hoya.

以此服務的功德, 願正法之光弘傳! 願根除邪惡的黑暗, 願所有的心喜悅。

Barase barakhā samaya para, dūra rahe duṣkāla; śāsāna hove dharama kā, (3x) loga hoṅya khuśahāla. Sukha vyāpe isa jagata meṅ, dukhiyā rahe na koya; sabake mana jāge dharama, sabakā maṅgala hoya. (2x)

願適時降雨, 願沒有饑荒, 願政府公正, 願人民幸福。 願快樂遍滿世界, 願沒有人不快樂。 願所有人的心中生起正法, 願大家快樂。(2 次)

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,…

每日晨間唱誦/巴利經文之後 19

Isa dharatī ke taru-tṛṇa meṅ, kaṇa-kaṇa meṅ dharama samā jāye. (2x)

願每一棵樹,每一片草葉, 以及此地的每一粒土, 都充滿正法。(2 次)

Jo bhī tape isa tapobhūmi para, (2x) mukta dukhoṅ se ho jāye. (2x)

願在此正法園地全部的禪修者, (2 次) 解脫一切痛苦。(2 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

Day 9

第9天

Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko, caraṇana śīśa navāya; dharama ratana aisā diyā, pāpa ukhaḍatā jāya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師, 我稽首頂禮他的雙足。 他給我這麼珍貴的法, 根除我內在的邪惡。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa . . . . . . yahī ucita upāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露,… …這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, bhalā sabhī kā hoya; sabake mana jāge dharama, mukti dukhoṅ se hoya.

以此服務的功德, 願大家快樂。 願所有人的心中生起正法, 解脫痛苦。

Dharamavihārī puruṣa hoṅ, dharamacāriṇī nāra; dharamavanta santāna hoṅ, sukhī rahe parivāra, sukhī rahe sansāra.

願每一個男人如法生活, 願每一個女人如法生活, 願每一個小孩如法生活, 願每一個家庭快樂, 願居家生活快樂。

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,…

20 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Śuddha dharama ghara ghara meṅ jāge; (2x) ghara ghara śānti samāya re. (2x) nara nārī hoṅ dharamavihārī, saba nara nārī dharamavihārī; ghara ghara maṅgala chāya re. (2x)

願純淨正法於每一戶生起, (2 次) 願每一家都有安詳,(2 次) 願男男女女如法生活, 願所有男女如法生活, 願每一戶人家充滿快樂。

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

Day 10

第 10 天

〔這些對句是在第十天慈心觀(Mettā Bhāvanā)之前。在前九天,頭兩首 對句是在巴利經文之後。〕 Namana karūṅ gurudeva ko, caraṇana śīśa navāya; dharama ratana aisā diyā, pāpa upaja nahiṅ pāya.

我禮敬我尊敬的恩師, 我稽首頂禮他的雙足。 他給我這麼珍貴的法, 讓我不生邪惡。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa . . . . . . yahī ucita upāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露,… …這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Isa dukhiyāre jagata meṅ, sukhiyā dikhe na koya; śuddha dharama phira se jage, phira se maṅgala hoya.

在這個憂苦世間, 我未見任何快樂的人。 願純淨正法再次生起, 願快樂重現。

Dasoṅ diśāoṅ ke sabhī, prāṇī sukhiyā hoṅya; nirabhaya hoṅ, nirabaira hoṅ, sabhī nirāmaya hoṅya. Sabakā maṅgala hoya.

願十方眾生快樂, 願他們解脫恐懼、敵意, 願他們遠離疾病。 願大家快樂。

每日晨間唱誦/巴利經文之後 21

[after Mettā Bhāvanā]

[慈心觀(Mettā Bhāvanā)之後]

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂。(3 次)

Phira se jāge dharama jagata meṅ, phira se hove jaga kalyāṇa; jāge jāge dharama jagata meṅ, hove hove jana kalyāṇa. (2x)

願世間再次生起正法, 願世間重現快樂; 願世間生起正法, 願眾生快樂。(2 次)

Rāga dveṣa aura moha dūra hoṅ, jāge śīla samādhi jñāna. (2x) Jana mana ke dukhaḍe miṭa jāyeṅ, phira se jāga uṭhe musakāna; (2x)

願根除貪瞋痴, 願生起戒定慧。(2 次) 願終結人心的苦惱, 願他們重現笑容。(2 次)

Phira se jāge dharama jagata meṅ, phira se hove jaga kalyāṇa.

願世間再次生起正法, 願世間重現快樂。

Jāge jāge dharama kī vāṇī, maṅgala mūla mahā kalyāṇī; (2x) jāge jāge dharama kī vāṇī.

願生起法語, 快樂幸福的根源;(2 次) 願生起法語。

Jāge buddha sadṛśa koī jñānī, hoṅya sukhī saba jaga ke prāṇī. (2x)

願如佛智者再次出現, 願世上一切眾生快樂。(2 次)

Jāge jāge dharama kī vāṇī, maṅgala mūla mahā kalyāṇī; (2x) Jāge jāge dharama kī vāṇī, jāge buddha sadṛśa koī jñānī, hoṅya sukhī saba jaga ke prāṇī.

願生起法語, 快樂幸福的根源;(2 次) 願生起法語。 願如佛智者再次出現, 願世上一切眾生快樂。

Day 11

第 11 天

課程結束當天清晨,在最後開示之前,省略了每天開頭的印地語及巴利語 唱誦。直接以「禮敬世尊…」(Namo tassa . . .,見第 7-9 頁,第 3-10)開 始。然後以下列印地語對句結束晨間唱誦,接著是開示。

22 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Namaskāra hai buddha ko, kaise karuṇāgāra; dukkha miṭāvana patha diyā, sukhi karana sansāra.

禮敬佛陀, 如此滿懷悲憫的寶藏; 他指出去除痛苦之道, 為世界帶來快樂。

Namaskāra hai dharama ko, kaisā pāvana pantha; jo bhi cale isa pantha para, vahī bana gaye santa.

禮敬正法, 如此清淨之道; 任何人走上此道, 成為聖者。

Namaskāra hai saṅgha ko, kaise śrāvaka santa; dharama dhāra ujale huve, nirmala huve bhadanta.

禮敬僧伽, 如此的聖弟子, 這些聖者,修行正法, 變成容光煥發而清淨。

Namaskāra jananī janaka, hai upakāra ananta; namaskāra arihanta saba, namaskāra saba santa.

禮敬父母, 我對他們無限恩情難以回報; 禮敬所有阿羅漢, 禮敬所有聖者。

Namasakāra gurudeva ko, kaise santa sujāna; kitane karuṇā citta se, diya dharama kā dāna

禮敬我尊敬的老師, 如此神聖、智慧; 以悲憫滿溢之心, 給予法的贈禮。

Aisā cakhāyā dharama rasa . . . . . . yahī eka upāya.

他讓我品嚐正法之甘露,…

Isa sevā ke puṇya se, dharama ujāgara hoya; Jana jana kā hita sukha sadhe, Jana jana maṅgala hoya, saba kā maṅgala hoya.

以此服務的功德, 願正法之光再次弘傳, 願一切眾生快樂幸福, 願一切眾生快樂, 願一切都快樂!

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂!(3 次)

…這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

接下來是最後的開示。最後慈心觀(final mettā)的唱誦請見第 70-71 頁。

第 1 天—阿吒曩胝經 這首護衛經作於後聖典﹙post-canonical﹚時期的緬甸,內容以《長部》 Dīgha-nikāya III. 9 中同名的一篇開示為依據,最後一段則是取自《法句經》 Dhammapada VIII. 10(109)。經名源自第一次唸誦本經的「阿吒曩胝」城 〔Āṭānāṭa:古城名,讀音如「阿塔那塔」〕。經文指出了最近示現的七位 佛,最後一位即悉達多喬達摩(釋迦摩尼佛)。

Āṭānāṭiya Sutta

<阿吒曩胝經>

Appasannehi nāthassa, sāsane sādhusammate; amanussehi caṇḍehi, sadā kibbisakāribhi.

邪惡、兇猛的非人〔眾生〕, 不相信、不接受佛陀所教, 善人信受的法教。

Parisānaṃ catassannaṃ, ahiṃsāya ca guttiyā; yaṃ desesi Mahāvīro, parittaṃ taṃ bhaṇāmahe.

為了令他們不傷害並保護 四眾弟子 1。 讓我們唸誦佛陀所教的 這首護衛經偈。

Vipassissa ca namatthu, cakkhumantassa sirīmato; Sikhissapi ca namatthu, sabbabhūtānukampino.

禮敬慧眼、榮光的毘婆尸佛 (Vipassī); 禮敬悲憫一切眾生的尸棄佛 (Sikhī)。

Vessabhussa ca namatthu, nhātakassa tapassino; namatthu Kakusandhassa, Mārasenappamaddino.

禮敬清除不淨,精勤修行的毘舍浮 佛(Vessabhū); 禮敬征服魔軍的拘留孫佛 (Kakusandha)。

Koṇāgamanassa namatthu, brāhmaṇassa vusīmato; Kassapassa ca namatthu, vippamuttassa sabbadhi.

禮敬清淨生活,圓滿成就的拘那含 牟尼佛(Koṇāgamana); 禮敬解脫一切的迦葉佛(Kassapa)。

23

24 金座上的寶石—解行並重

Aṅgīrasassa namatthu, Sakyaputtassa sirīmato; yo imaṃ dhammaṃ desesi, sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṃ.

禮敬光耀釋迦族的子弟, 輝煌的釋迦牟尼佛(Gotama), 他教導正法, 根除一切的苦。

Ye cāpi nibbutā loke, yathābhūtaṃ vipassisuṃ; te janā apisuṇātha, mahantā vītasāradā.

他們已滅除對世間〔的貪愛〕, 並獲得如實的洞見, 這些毫無不善言語的人, 偉大而睿智。

Hitaṃ devamanussānaṃ, yaṃ namassanti Gotamaṃ; vijjācaraṇa-sampannaṃ, mahantaṃ vītasāradaṃ.

利益天眾及人類, 受尊崇的喬達摩; 理論實修兼備﹙明行具足﹚, 偉大而睿智。

Ete caññe ca sambuddhā, anekasata-koṭiyo; sabbe Buddhā samasamā, sabbe Buddhā mahiddhikā.

這些和其他數千萬的完全覺悟者, 都是同等的佛陀, 具大神力的一切諸佛。

Sabbe dasabalūpetā, vesārajjehupāgatā; sabbe te paṭijānanti, āsabhaṭṭhānamuttamaṃ.

一切〔諸佛〕都具有十力 2, 並有完全的信心 3, 每個人都尊崇他們為: 無上的領導者。

Sīhanādaṃ nadantete, parisāsu visāradā; brahmacakkaṃ pavattenti, loke appaṭivattiyaṃ.

這些智者在大眾中說法, 有如獅子吼; 他們啟動了正法之輪, 此運轉於世間無可逆轉。

Upetā buddhadhammehi, aṭṭhārasahi nāyakā; battiṃsa-lakkhaṇūpetā, sītānubyañjanā dharā.

這些領導者具足, 佛陀的十八德行 4, 並有三十二相, 及八十種好 5。

第 1 天/阿吒曩胝經 25

Byāmappabhāya suppabhā, sabbe te munikuñjarā; Buddhā sabbaññuno ete, sabbe khīṇāsavā jinā.

閃亮的光暈涵蓋全身, 這些都是傑出的聖者; 全知的佛陀, 都是已完全去除不淨煩惱 的征服者。

Mahāpabhā mahātejā, mahāpaññā mahabbalā; mahākāruṇikā dhīrā, sabbesānaṃ sukhāvahā.

具大光明、大威力; 大智慧、大雄力; 大悲、堅定, 為一切眾生帶來快樂。

Dīpā nāthā patiṭṭhā ca, tāṇā leṇā ca pāṇinaṃ; gatī bandhū mahessāsā, saraṇā ca hitesino.

他們是庇護、依靠、支持, 保護眾生的安全港灣, 聖殿、親屬、大撫慰者, 依皈及祝福者。

Sadevakassa lokassa, sabbe ete parāyaṇā; tesāhaṃ sirasā pāde, vandāmi purisuttame.

一切〔諸佛〕守護天界及人間, 我稽首頂禮 這些偉大聖者之足。

Vacasā manasā ceva, vandāmete tathāgate; sayane āsane ṭhāne, gamane cāpi sabbadā.

在語言及思想上, 我禮敬如來; 躺臥、坐下、站立、 行走,一切時刻〔都禮敬〕。

Sadā sukhena rakkhantu, Buddhā santikarā tuvaṃ; tehi tvaṃ rakkhito santo, mutto sabbabhayehi ca.

願指出真正安詳之道的佛陀, 總是令你快樂。 願你受到他們的保護, 解脫所有恐懼。

Sabbarogā vinimutto, sabbasantāpa-vajjito; sabbaveramatikkanto, nibbuto ca tuvaṃ bhava.

願你解脫一切疾病, 願你免除一切折磨; 願你克服一切惡意, 願你享有究竟安樂。

26 金座上的寶石—解行並重

Tesaṃ saccena sīlena, khanti mettā balena ca; tepi tvaṃ anurakkhantu, arogena sukhena ca.

以他們的真理、德行, 堅忍、慈愛及力量; 願他們保護你, 健康又快樂。

Puratthimasmiṃ disābhāge, santi bhūtā mahiddhikā; tepi tvaṃ anurakkhantu, arogena sukhena ca.

在東方, 具神力的眾生; 願他們保護你, 健康又快樂。

Dakkhiṇasmiṃ disābhāge, santi devā mahiddhikā; tepi tvaṃ anurakkhantu, arogena sukhena ca.

在南方, 具神力的天人; 願他們保護你, 健康又快樂。

Pacchimasmiṃ disābhāge, santi nāgā mahiddhikā; tepi tvaṃ anurakkhantu, arogena sukhena ca.

在西方, 具神力的龍族; 願他們保護你, 健康又快樂。

Uttarasmiṃ disābhāge, santi yakkhā mahiddhikā; tepi tvaṃ anurakkhantu, arogena sukhena ca.

在北方, 具神力的夜叉; 願他們保護你, 健康又快樂。

Puratthimena Dhataraṭṭho, dakkhiṇena Virūḷhako; pacchimena Virūpakkho, Kuvero uttaraṃ disaṃ.

東方持國天王, 南方增長天王, 西方廣目天王, 北方多聞天王。

Cattāro te mahārājā, lokapālā yasassino; tepi tvaṃ anurakkhantu, arogena sukhena ca.

這四大天王, 以護持世間聞名。 願他們保護你, 健康又快樂。

第 1 天/阿吒曩胝經 27

Ākāsaṭṭhā ca bhūmaṭṭhā, devā nāgā mahiddhikā; tepi tvaṃ anurakkhantu, arogena sukhena ca.

居住於天上及地上, 具神力的天眾及龍族。 願他們保護你, 健康又快樂。

Iddhimanto ca ye devā, vasantā idha sāsane; tepi tvaṃ anurakkhantu, arogena sukhena ca.

具神力的天眾, 住於此正法弘傳時期, 願他們保護你, 健康又快樂。

Sabbītiyo vivajjantu, soko rogo vinassatu; mā te bhavatvantarāyo, sukhī dīghāyuko bhava.

願你免除一切災難, 願憂傷和疾病消失, 願你修行道上無礙; 願你快樂長壽。

Abhivādana-sīlissa, niccaṃ vuḍḍhāpacāyino; cattāro dhammā vaḍḍhanti, āyu vaṇṇo sukhaṃ balaṃ.

總是虔敬、尊重長者的人, 會增長四種特質: 長壽、美貌、快樂及力量。

註: 1. 四眾是比丘 bhikkhu、比丘尼 bhikkhunī、優婆塞 upāsaka(在家男弟子)、 優婆夷 upāsikā(在家女弟子)。 2. 如來的十力即對十種智識的完全理解。 3. 佛陀的四種信心包括:i)已獲得最高智慧,ii)已解脫一切煩惱染污,iii) 已識別修行道上的障礙,iv)已正確教導解脫之道。 4. 佛陀的十八德行(virtue)是:1)知見所有過去事,2)知見所有現在事, 3)知見所有未來事,4)身体行為正當適宜,5)語言行為正當適宜,6)心理 行為正當適宜,7)念力堅定,8)記憶力堅定,9)定力堅定,10)精進力堅 定,11)解脫堅定,12)智慧堅定,13)不再浮躁,14)不再喧嚷,15)不再 困惑,16)不再急促,17)不再散漫,以及 18)不再輕率。

28 金座上的寶石—解行並重

5. 三十二相﹙主要特徵﹚及八十種好﹙次要徵狀﹚是佛陀才俱足的身體特 徵。三十二相在《長部》Dīgha Nikāya, III. 7<三十二相經>﹙Lakkhaṇa Sutta﹚有詳細描述。八十種好在三藏或注釋中並未列出,但曾出現此名 詞﹙anubyañjana﹚。顯然此八十種好是晚期由緬甸作者首度列出的。

第 2 天—三寶經 這首讚頌佛、法、僧三寶的護衛經(paritta),出自《經集》Sutta Nipāta (2.1), 是《小部》Khuddhaka-nikāya 諸多經文裡最古老及最受歡迎的經文之一。 如同偈文開頭引言所示,這是佛陀在毘舍離 Vesāli 的一場饑荒時所唱誦。 這裡第一段經文是後來加上的,而此處收錄的最後一段經文,則是原典中 最後三段經文的濃縮。 Ratana Suttaṃ

<三寶經>

Koṭisatasahassesu, cakkavālesu devatā; yassāṇaṃ paṭigaṇhanti, yañca vesāliyā pure; rogāmanussa-dubbhikkhaṃ, sambhūtaṃ tividhaṃ bhayaṃ; khippamantaradhāpesi, parittaṃ taṃ bhaṇāmahe.

無數界的天眾已接受 此護衛經的權威; 並且使得從前在毘舍離城, 因疾病、非人、饑荒引生的 三種恐懼, 迅速消失; 讓我們唸誦此護衛經。

Yānīdha bhūtāni samāgatāni, bhummāni vā yāni’va antalikkhe; sabbeva bhūtā sumanā bhavantu, athopi sakkacca suṇantu bhāsitaṃ.

任何聚集於此的眾生, 無論在地上或天上, 願這些眾生快樂; 更願他們仔細聆聽這些話。

Tasmā hi bhūtā nisāmetha sabbe, mettaṃ karotha mānusiyā pajāya; divā ca ratto ca haranti ye baliṃ, tasmā hi ne rakkhatha appamattā.

因此請眾生聆聽! 要散發慈心給人類。 他們日夜供養你們, 所以要勤加保護他們。

Yaṃ kiñci vittaṃ idha vā huraṃ vā, saggesu vā yaṃ ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ; na no samaṃ atthi tathāgatena, idampi buddhe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ; etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

此世間或其他世間的任何財富, 或天上的任何珍寶; 無一可比得上如來。 這如此珍貴之寶在佛陀。 以此真實語,祝福快樂! 29

30 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Khayaṃ virāgaṃ amataṃ paṇītaṃ, yadajjhagā sakyamunī samāhito; na tena dhammena samatthi kiñci, idampi dhamme ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ; etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

滅盡煩惱、出離欲愛, 以及不死之境界, 這是釋迦摩尼所體證; 此正法無與倫比。 這如此珍貴之寶在正法。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Yaṃ buddhaseṭṭho parivaṇṇayī suciṃ, samādhimānantarikaññamāhu; samādhinā tena samo na vijjati, idampi dhamme ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ; etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

至上的佛陀所稱讚的清淨, 稱為無間斷的正定; 此正定無與倫比, 這如此珍貴之寶在正法。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Ye puggalā aṭṭha sataṃ pasatthā, cattāri etāni yugāni honti; te dakkhiṇeyyā Sugatassa sāvakā, etesu dinnāni mahapphalāni; idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

智者所稱讚之八種人〔八輩〕, 也就是四對〔四雙〕; 這些佛陀的聖弟子值得供養; 供養他們帶來大果報。 這如此珍貴之寶在僧伽。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Ye suppayuttā manasā daḷhena, nikkāmino Gotamasāsanamhi; te pattipattā amataṃ vigayha, laddhā mudhā nibbutiṃ bhuñjamānā; idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

心智堅定,努力修持 佛陀教法而離欲之人, 該證已證,體證不死, 自由地享有已獲得的安詳。 這如此珍貴之寶在僧伽。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Yathindakhīlo paṭhaviṃ sito siyā, catubbhi vātehi asampakampiyo; tathūpamaṃ sappurisaṃ vadāmi, yo ariyasaccāni avecca passati; idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

正如堅固深入大地的柱子, 不會被四方的風動搖。 我宣稱:這些已完全體證聖諦的清 淨者〔如同不動搖的柱子〕。 這如此珍貴之寶在僧伽。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

第 2 天/三寶經 31

Ye ariyasaccāni vibhāvayanti, gambhīrapaññena sudesitāni; kiñcāpi te honti bhusappamattā, na te bhavaṃ aṭṭhamamādiyanti; idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

那些已清楚體證聖諦者, 得到精深智者的良好教導, 他們無論多麼不小心, 也不再有第八次投生。 這如此珍貴之寶在僧伽。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Sahāvassa dassana-sampadāya, tayassu dhammā jahitā bhavanti; sakkāyadiṭṭhi vicikicchitaṃ ca, sīlabbataṃ vā pi yadatthi kiñci.

當證得初果1時, 三結斷除: 身見、疑,以及〔執迷〕儀式典禮等 事﹙戒禁取﹚。

Catūhapāyehi ca vippamutto, chaccābhiṭhānāni abhabbo kātuṃ; idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

並且完全脫離四惡道2, 也不會再造六逆重罪3。 這如此珍貴之寶在僧伽。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Kiñcāpi so kammaṃ karoti pāpakaṃ, kāyena vācā uda cetasā vā; abhabbo so tassa paṭicchādāya, abhabbatā diṭṭhapadassa vuttā; idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

如果做了不善行為, 無論是以身體,語言,或心意, 他也不會遮掩, 因為已見道的聖者不可能隱瞞。 這如此珍貴之寶在僧伽。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Vanappagumbe yathā phussitagge, gimhānamāse paṭhamasmiṃ gimhe; tathūpamaṃ dhammavaraṃ adesayi, nibbānagāmiṃ paramaṃ hitāya; idampi buddhe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

如同在酷熱初夏, 灌木叢中的花朵, 他所宣揚的殊勝法教: 導致涅槃,至高的福祉。 這如此珍貴之寶在佛陀。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

32 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Varo varaññū varado varāharo, anuttaro dhammavaraṃ adesayi; idampi buddhe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

殊勝者,知曉殊勝者, 給予殊勝者,帶來殊勝者, 教導了無上的正法。 這如此珍貴之寶在佛陀。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Khīṇaṃ purāṇaṃ navaṃ natthi sambhavaṃ, virattacittāyatike bhavasmiṃ; te khīṇabījā avirūḷhichandā, nibbanti dhīrā yathāyaṃ padīpo; idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ, etena saccena suvatthi hotu.

舊〔業〕去除,新〔業〕不起, 心已不再執著來生。 種子已除,貪愛〔有愛〕不生, 這些智者寂滅如同燈熄。 這如此珍貴之寶在僧伽。 以此真實語,祝福快樂!

Yānīdha bhūtāni samāgatāni, bhummāni vā yāni’va antalikkhe; tathāgataṃ devamanussapūjitaṃ, buddhaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu; dhammaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu; saṅghaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu.

任何聚集於此的眾生, 無論在地上或天上, 如來受天眾和人所尊崇; 我們禮敬佛,祝福快樂! 我們禮敬法,祝福快樂! 我們禮敬僧,祝福快樂!

註: 1. 初果是須陀洹(sotāpanna),「入流」。 2. 四惡道是:i) 地獄(Niraya 泥洹),ii)畜牲道,iii)鬼道,iv)阿修羅道。 3. 六逆重罪:i)弒母,ii)弒父,iii)殺阿羅漢,iv)分裂僧團(破和合僧),v) 傷害佛陀身體(出佛身血),vi)持有邪見。

第 3 天—慈心應作經 這首稱頌慈愛一切眾生的護衛經,出現於《經集》(Sutta Nipāta 1, 8), 以及《小誦經》Khuddakapāṭha(9)。這兩個出處都標題為<慈經> (Mettasuttaṃ)。如同護衛經的慣例,加入第一段經文引介,並參照原經 文的第一句命名為<慈心應作經>(Karaṇīyamettasuttaṃ),以區別其他 的<慈經>(Mettasuttaṃ)。 Karaṇīyametta Suttaṃ

<練習慈心的開示>

Yassānubhāvato yakkhā, neva dassenti bhīsanaṃ; yañhi cevānuyuñjanto, rattindivamatandito. Sukhaṃ supati sutto ca, pāpaṃ kiñci na passati; evamādi guṇūpetaṃ, parittaṃ taṃ bhaṇāmahe.

藉此〔經的〕威力, 夜叉不示現恐怖相。 日夜修持〔慈心〕的人 睡眠安詳, 而眠中不做惡夢。 賦有這些特質, 讓我們唸誦此護衛經(paritta)。

Karaṇīyamatthakusalena, yantaṃ santaṃ padaṃ abhisamecca; sakko ujū ca suhujū ca, suvaco cassa mudu anatimānī.

精通瞭解幸福, 又希望達到究竟安詳的人, 應該要︰具有能力,正直,非常正直, 言詞溫婉,和善且謙虛。

Santussako ca subharo ca, appakicco ca sallahukavutti; santindriyo ca nipako ca, appagabbho kulesvananugiddho.

知足,容易護持, 少事務且簡約少欲求, 諸根平靜,聰明謹慎, 不輕率傲慢, 也不貪著家庭供奉支持。

Na ca khuddaṃ samācare kiñci, yena viññū pare upavadeyyuṃ; sukhino vā khemino hontu, sabbe sattā bhavantu sukhitattā.

即使很小的過錯,也不要犯, 避免可能受智者譴責。 願一切眾生快樂、安全, 願眾生快樂。 33

34 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Ye keci pāṇabhūtatthi, tasā vā thāvarā vanavasesā; dīghā vā ye mahantā vā, majjhimā rassakā aṇukathūlā.

任何生命, 無論是或動或靜, 或長或大, 或中或短,或細或粗。

Diṭṭhā vā yeva adiṭṭhā, ye ca dūre vasanti avidūre; bhūtā vā sambhavesī vā, sabbe sattā bhavantu sukhitattā.

看得見或看不見, 住得遠或近, 已出生的或將出生的, 願一切眾生快樂。

Na paro paraṃ nikubbetha, nātimaññetha katthaci na kañci; byārosanā paṭighasaññā, nāññamaññassa dukkhamiccheyya.

讓任何人都不欺騙他人, 在任何地方不輕視他人; 任何人都不應該出於憤怒或惡意, 希望他人受苦。

Mātā yathā niyaṃ puttaṃ, āyusā ekaputtamanurakkhe; evampi sabbabhūtesu mānasaṃ bhāvaye aparimāṇaṃ.

就像母親會不顧自己的生命保護獨 子一樣, 願每個人都如此培養對眾生無 盡的愛。

Mettañca sabbalokasmiṃ, mānasaṃ bhāvaye aparimāṇaṃ; uddhaṃ adho ca tiriyañca, asambādhaṃ averamasapattaṃ.

願每個人都培養對全世界無盡 的慈愛, 上、下及四方, 毫無障礙,毫無瞋恨或敵意。

Tiṭṭhaṃ caraṃ nisinno vā, sayāno yāvatassa vigatamiddho; etaṃ satiṃ adhiṭṭheyya, brahmametaṃ vihāramidhamāhu.

無論是站立、行走、坐下或躺臥, 只要清醒著, 就應專注發展〔無盡慈愛〕的正念。 這樣稱為, 清淨生活的方式﹙梵住﹚。

Diṭṭhiñca anupaggamma, sīlavā dassanena sampanno, kāmesu vineyya gedhaṃ, na hi jātu gabbhaseyyaṃ punaretī ti.

不墮入邪見, 具戒及洞見, 棄絕感官之欲, 必定不會再入母胎受生。

第 4 天—佛勝吉祥偈﹙八首﹚ 這些偈頌是較後期的作品,是標準勵志唱誦的一部份,作為訓練年輕僧侶 和激勵居士所用。每一首偈頌都有一個故事,大多取自巴利藏註解書中, 佛陀及其弟子生活中的一些事件。 Buddha JayamaṅgalaAṭṭhagāthā

<佛陀歡喜勝利的八首偈頌>

Bāhuṃ sahassamabhinimmita sāvudhantaṃ, Girimekhalaṃ uditaghorasasenamāraṃ; dānādi-dhammavidhinā jitavā munindo, taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni.

魔王幻化成千手各執武器的形象, 坐在大象基里米卡拉 ﹙ Girimekhala﹚ 上 , 受殘暴的魔軍簇擁。 聖者(佛陀)以布施的美德, 調服魔王。 藉由此美德之威力, 願你勝利、快樂。

Mārātirekamabhiyujjhitasabbarattiṃ, ghorampanālavakamakkhamathaddha-yakkhaṃ; khantī sudantavidhinā jitavā munindo, taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni.

阿羅瓦加﹙Ālavaka﹚, 比魔王更兇暴,整夜戰鬥, 這個殘暴頑強不屈的夜叉。 佛陀以堅忍、調御力,降服他。 藉由此美德之威力, 願你勝利、快樂。

Nāḷāgiriṃ gajavaraṃ atimattabhūtaṃ, dāvaggi-cakkamasanīva sudāruṇantaṃ; mettambuseka-vidhinā jitavā munindo, taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni.

皇家大象那羅及力﹙Nāḷāgiriṃ﹚ 完全瘋了, 像森林野火, 火輪或閃電般狂奔。 佛陀以傾注的慈愛,調服牠。 藉由此美德之威力, 願你勝利、快樂。

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36 金座上的寶石—解行並重

Ukkhittakhaggamatihatthasudāruṇantaṃ, dhāvanti yojanapathaṅgulimālavantaṃ; iddhībhisaṅkhatamano jitavā munindo, taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni.

央固利摩羅﹙Aṅgulimāla﹚高舉著 刀,毫不留情地, 追了一由旬〔約七哩〕。 佛陀以神通力之心,調服他。 藉由此美德之威力, 願你勝利、快樂。

Katvāna kaṭṭhamudaraṃ iva gabbhinīyā, Ciñcāya duṭṭhavacanaṃ janakāya-majjhe; santena somavidhinā jitavā munindo, taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni.

旃遮﹙Ciñcā﹚〔讀音如:沁恰〕在 腹部纏了塊木頭喬裝懷孕, 在群眾中毀謗佛陀。 佛陀以平靜、溫和的方式,調服他。 藉由此美德之威力, 願你勝利、快樂。

Saccaṃ vihāya matisaccakavādaketuṃ, vādābhiropitamanaṃ ati-andhabhūtaṃ; paññāpadīpajalito jitavā munindo, taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni.

狡 猾 的 薩 恰 迦 ﹙ Saccaka﹚ 離 棄 真理, 完全盲目地,意圖宣揚他的謬誤教法。 佛陀以智慧的明燈,調服他。 藉由此美德之威力, 願你勝利、快樂。

Nandopananda bhujagaṃ vividhaṃ mahiddhiṃ, puttena thera bhujagena damāpayanto; iddhūpadesavidhinā jitavā munindo, taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni.

蛇王南陀巴難陀﹙Nandopananda﹚, 〔具有〕各種神通力; 佛陀的大弟子〔摩訶目犍連 ﹙Mahāmoggallāna﹚〕, 化為巨蛇相,制伏蛇王。 佛陀以神通及告誡,調服他。 藉由此美德之威力,願你勝利、快樂。

Duggāhadiṭṭhibhujagena sudaṭṭha-hatthaṃ, Brahmaṃ visuddhijutimiddhi Bakābhidhānaṃ; ñāṇāgadena vidhinā jitavā munindo, taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni.

手被妄見之蛇緊咬, 鶴梵天﹙Baka﹚自以為清淨, 光彩有神力。 佛陀以智慧之藥,調服他。 藉由此美德之威力,願你勝利、快樂。

第 5 天—三法發趣 第五天的唱誦是 Paṭṭhāna《發趣論》的起始篇章。《發趣論》是《論藏》 Abhidhamma-piṭaka 的第七部論著,受尊崇為佛陀教理的極至表現。比< 緣起>Paṭicca Samuppāda 更為深入詳細,《發趣論》檢視了統理一切現象 的二十四種基本關係﹙緣﹚。 第五天的晨間唱誦裡,葛印卡老師唱誦了<緣的序論>﹙總說緣法﹚ Paccayuddeso 和<緣的解說>﹙緣法釋義﹚Paccayaniddeso。由於內容頗長, 這 裡 只 列 出 < 序 論 > ﹙ 總 說 ﹚ Uddeso , 亦 稱 為 < 發 趣 論 論 母 > Paṭṭhānamātikā。所列出的二十四緣,有時候是單獨唸誦的。 《發趣論》比較完整的解釋,可詳雷迪長老所著的《發趣論總說手冊》 (Paṭṭhānuddesa Dīpanī),收錄於《佛法手冊》The Manuals of Dhamma(內 觀研究所,1999)。

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38 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Paṭṭhānamātikā

<發趣論論母>﹙二十四緣﹚

hetu-paccayo ārammaṇa-paccayo adhipati-paccayo anantara-paccayo samanantara-paccayo sahajāta-paccayo aññamañña-paccayo nissaya-paccayo upanissaya-paccayo purejāta-paccayo pacchājāta-paccayo āsevana-paccayo kamma-paccayo vipāka-paccayo āhāra-paccayo indriya-paccayo jhāna-paccayo magga-paccayo sampayutta-paccayo vippayutta-paccayo atthi-paccayo natthi-paccayo vigata-paccayo avigata-paccayo’ti

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

因緣 所緣緣 增上緣 無間緣 相續緣﹙等無間緣﹚ 俱生緣 相互緣 依止緣 親依止緣 前生緣 後生緣 重複緣﹙數數習行緣﹚ 業緣 果報緣 食緣 根緣 禪那緣 道緣 相應緣 不相應緣 有緣 非有緣 去緣﹙離去緣﹚ 不去緣﹙不離去緣﹚

第 6 天—緣起 下面幾段文字,取自不同出處,生動地重現了佛陀證悟解脫當夜的情況。 首先是「緣起」Paṭiccasamuppāda 的偈頌,當夜這關鍵性的洞見導致自苦 中出離。其次是佛陀剛悟道的最初話語,取自《自說經》﹙Udāna, I. 1–3﹚ 及《法句經》﹙Dhammapada, XI. 8–9/153–154﹚。最後一段則是描寫佛陀 證悟的消息在三十一天界傳開時的欣喜歡樂。

Paṭiccasamuppāda (Anuloma)

<緣起>

Avijjā-paccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhāra-paccayā viññāṇaṃ; viññāṇa-paccayā nāma-rūpaṃ; nāma-rūpa-paccayā saḷāyatanaṃ; saḷāyatana-paccayā phasso; phassa-paccayā vedanā; vedanā-paccayā taṇhā; taṇhā-paccayā upādānaṃ; upādāna-paccayā bhavo; bhava-paccayā jāti; jāti-paccayā jarā-maraṇaṃ soka-paridevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī’ti.

無明緣行; 行緣識; 識緣名色; 名色緣六處; 六處緣觸; 觸緣受; 受緣愛; 愛緣取; 取緣有; 有緣生; 生緣老、死、憂愁、悲嘆、 身苦、心憂及磨難生起;

﹙流轉次第﹚

就是這樣緣生所有諸苦。

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40 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

(Paṭiloma)

﹙還滅次第﹚

Avijjāya tveva asesa-virāga-nirodhā saṅkhāra-nirodho; saṅkhāra-nirodhā viññāṇanirodho; viññāṇa-nirodhā nāma-rūpa-nirodho; nāma-rūpa-nirodhā saḷāyatana-nirodho; saḷāyatana-nirodhā phassanirodho; phassa-nirodhā vedanā-nirodho; vedanā-nirodhā taṇhā-nirodho; taṇhā-nirodhā upādāna-nirodho; upādāna-nirodhā bhava-nirodho; bhava-nirodhā jāti-nirodho; jāti-nirodhā jarā-maraṇaṃ soka-paridevadukkha-domanassup āyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’ti.

無明滅,則行滅;

Udāna-gāthā

即興語

Yadā have pātubhavanti Dhammā, ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa; ath’assa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā, yato pajānāti sahetudhammaṃ.

的確,當清淨生活, 精進的修行人 見到法〔四聖諦〕, 因為徹知諸法生起的成因, 全部的疑慮完全消失;

行滅,則識滅; 識滅,則名色滅; 名色滅,則六處滅; 六處滅,則觸滅; 觸滅,則受滅; 受滅,則愛滅; 愛滅,則取滅; 取滅,則有滅; 有滅,則生滅; 生滅,則老、死、憂愁、悲嘆、身 苦、心憂及磨難滅; 就是這樣所有諸苦息滅。

第 6 天/緣起 41

Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā, yato khayaṃ paccayānaṃ avedī Vidhūpayaṃ tiṭṭhati mārasenaṃ, Suriyo va obhāsayaṃ antalikkhaṃ’ti.

因為體驗了緣起的滅除, 全部的疑慮完全消失; 擊潰魔軍, 他一如在空中閃耀的太陽般屹立。

Aneka-jāti-saṃsāraṃ, sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ; gahakārakaṃ gavesanto, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ.

在輪迴中無數次的投生, 我徒然無益地奔跑, 尋找這個房屋的建造者; 而一再面對新生的痛苦。

Gahakāraka! Diṭṭhosi, puna gehaṃ na kāhasi; sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhitaṃ; visaṅkhāragataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā.

喔 房子的建造者! 現在你已被發現了。 你將不能再為我建造房屋。 你所有的樑已斷,棟已毀。 心已從諸行中解脫; 達到了貪愛的止息。

Jayo hi buddhassa sirīmato ayaṃ, Mārassa ca pāpimato parājayo; ugghosayuṃ bodhimaṇḍe pamoditā, jayaṃ tadā nāga-gaṇā mahesino. jayaṃ tadā supaṇṇa-gaṇā mahesino; jayaṃ tadā deva-gaṇā mahesino; jayaṃ tadā brahma-gaṇā mahesino.

「佛陀光榮勝利; 擊敗萬惡魔王!」 從證悟的座位傳出, 龍族、金翅鳥族、天眾、梵天, 欣喜地宣告, 偉大聖者的勝利。

第 7 天—七覺支護衛經 這些和七覺支﹙菩提分﹚有關的護衛偈頌,是後來從護衛經的傳統編纂而 來 的 。 它 們 無 疑 受 到 佛 陀 兩 大 弟 子 : 目 犍 連 ﹙ Moggallāna ﹚ 和 迦 葉 ﹙Kassapa﹚,以及佛陀本人病癒的故事所啟發。這些故事與《相應部.覺 支相應》﹙Bojjhaṅga-saṃyutta, Saṃyuttanikāya XLVI (V) ii. 4-6﹚有關,並在 本護衛經的最後四句偈頌中提及。 Bojjhaṅgaparitta

<七覺支護衛經>

Saṃsāre saṃsarantānaṃ, sabbadukkhavināsake; sattadhamme ca bojjhaṅge, Mārasenappamaddane.

為去除眾生輪迴生死的 一切痛苦, 並擊敗魔軍, 有此七覺支﹙覺悟的要素﹚。

Bujjhitvā ye cime sattā, tibhavā muttakuttamā; ajātiṃ ajarābyādhiṃ, amataṃ nibbhayaṃ gatā.

體證了這七覺支, 這些聖者從三有〔投生欲界、 色界、無色界〕中解脫, 不再有生、老、病, 體驗到無死與無畏。

Evamādi guṇūpetaṃ, anekaguṇasaṅgahaṃ; osadhañca imaṃ mantaṃ, bojjhaṅgañca bhaṇāmahe.

賦有這些功德, 無量的利益, 這些是療癒之語, 讓我們唸誦覺支。

Bojjhaṅgo satisaṅkhāto, dhammānaṃ vicayo tathā; vīriyaṃ pīti passaddhi, bojjhaṅgā ca tathā pare. Samādhupekkhā bojjhaṅgā, sattete sabbadassinā; muninā sammadakkhātā,

覺支如下: 念, 擇法, 精進,喜,輕安, 是覺支,以及 定與捨﹙平等心﹚。 是具一切知見的聖者, 善教導,時常修習、培育。

bhāvitā bahulīkatā.

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44 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Saṃvattanti abhiññāya, nibbāṇāya ca bodhiyā; etena saccavajjena, sotthi te hotu sabbadā.

它們導向無上智慧, 涅槃及覺悟。 以此真實語, 願你永遠快樂。

Ekasmiṃ samaye nātho, Moggallānañca Kassapaṃ; gilāne dukkhite disvā, bojjhaṅge satta desayī.

有一次,佛陀看見目犍連 及迦葉 生病痛苦; 而教導他們此七覺支。

Te ca taṃ abhinanditvā, rogā mucciṃsu taṅkhaṇe; etena saccavajjena, sotthi te hotu sabbadā.

他們歡喜, 立即病癒。 以此真實語, 願你永遠快樂。

Ekadā dhammarājāpi, gelaññenābhipīḷito; Cundattherena taṃ yeva, bhaṇāpetvāna sādaraṃ.

有一次法王﹙佛陀﹚本人, 受疾病所苦。 他要求純達﹙Cunda﹚長老, 虔敬地唸誦此教導。

Sammoditvāna ābādhā, tamhā vuṭṭhāsi ṭhānaso; etena saccavajjena, sotthi te hotu sabbadā.

〔佛陀〕歡喜 立即自疾病中振作。 以此真實語, 願你永遠快樂。

Pahīnā te ca ābādhā, tiṇṇannampi Mahesinaṃ; maggāhatā kilesāva, pattānuppattidhammataṃ; etena saccavajjena, sotthi te hotu sabbadā.

這三位聖者的疾病 已永遠去除。 正道摧毀煩惱, 自然的法則帶來應得的成就。 以此真實語, 願你永遠快樂。

第 8 天—友益經 這一篇出自「啞癱人的故事」《本生經 538》《Mūga-Pakkha Jātaka》。在 故事中,菩薩(佛陀成道前)出生為帖米亞 Temiya 王子,迦西 Kāsī 國國 王之子。在嬰兒時期王子就清楚明白,如果他日後繼承王位,就會被迫做 出一些不善行而在將來受苦。為了避免事情發生的方法,便是假裝成完全 癱瘓、既聾又啞。因為他喬裝得太好,以致幾年後國王決定要把帖米亞王 子處死。國王指派車夫蘇南達 Sunanda 當劊子手。蘇南達帶著王子到了森 林,並在殺掉他之前先開始掘墳。當他這麼做那時,帖米亞決定放棄喬裝 並說出下面的詩句,要求放過他生路的命。王子揭露真相後,大為震驚的 蘇南達提議帶他回王宮,好讓王子重獲王位的繼承權。然而帖米亞拒絕後 說明喬裝的原委。車夫便獨自折回首都,稟報國王和群臣。他們全部決定 追隨帖米亞,放棄世俗生活,成為隱士,致力淨化自心。

Mittānisaṃsa

<友誼的利益>

Pūrento bodhisambhāre, nātho Temiya-jātiyaṃ; mittānisaṃsaṃ yaṃ āha, Sunandaṃ nāma sārathiṃ; Sabbalokahitatthāya, parittaṃ taṃ bhaṇāmahe.

為了圓滿覺悟所需的必要條件, 出生為帖米亞〔的菩薩〕佛陀, 對他的車夫蘇南達, 講述友誼的利益。 為了全世界的利益, 讓我們唸誦這首護衛詩偈。

Pahūtabhakkho bhavati, vippavuttho sakā gharā; bahūnaṃ upajīvanti, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

當他離家在外, 受饗宴款待, 當他離家在外; 許多人依靠他: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

Yaṃ yaṃ janapadaṃ yāti, nigame rājadhāniyo; sabbattha pūjito hoti, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

無論去到何處, 小鎮或是王城; 任何地方他都受到尊崇: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

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46 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Nāssa corā pasahanti, nātimaññeti khattiyo; sabbe amitte tarati, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

盜匪不能打敗他, 王侯不能輕視他; 他勝過所有的敵人: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

Akuddho sagharaṃ eti, sabhāyaṃ paṭinandito; ñātīnaṃ uttamo hoti, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

他平和地回歸家園, 他受到人們的歡迎; 他在親族中出類拔萃: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

Sakkatvā sakkato hoti, garu hoti sagāravo; vaṇṇakittibhato hoti, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

他善待人慇勤好客, 也受到善待慇勤款待, 他尊重他人,也受到尊重; 他得到稱讚和名望: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

Pūjako labhate pūjaṃ, vandako paṭivandanaṃ; yaso kittiñca pappoti, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

他尊重禮敬他人, 也受到尊重禮敬, 他敬重他人,也受到敬重; 他獲得名望和聲譽: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

Aggi yathā pajjalati, devatāva virocati; siriyā ajahito hoti, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

他像火一樣照耀, 他像天人一樣放光; 從不被幸運遺棄: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

Gāvo tassa pajāyanti, khette vuttaṃ virūhati; vuttānaṃ phalamasnāti, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

他的牛隻增加, 他的土地豐收; 他享受栽種的果實: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

第 8 天/友益經 47

Darito pabbatato vā, rukkhato patito naro; cuto patiṭṭhaṃ labhati, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

即使他掉入洞縫隙中 或自山上、或自山上從樹上跌落, 他也會穩穩的在低處找到踏實 落腳處 : 他是不背棄朋友的人。

Virūḷhamūlasantānaṃ, nigrodhamiva māluto; amittā na pasahanti, yo mittānaṃ na dūbhati.

就像根基穩固的 榕樹不受強風〔不能傷害〕榕樹, 從根到頂都成熟強壯; 敵人無法打敗他: 他是不背棄朋友的人。

第 9 天—吉祥經 《吉祥經》(Maṅgala-suttaṃ)有時也稱為在家居士的紀律(vinaya), 在南傳佛教國家十分普及。常被唱誦的兩段傳統開經偈,提供了此經 的背景──長久以來,天人(deva)和人經常討論什麼是真正的「吉祥」 ﹙幸福快樂﹚。經文以「如是我聞」(Evaṃ me sutaṃ)起頭,並告訴我 們當時的情境──有天人來見佛陀提問以求澄清。葛印卡老師在第九天 的唱誦,則是從佛陀的回答(第 50 頁)開始。 Maṅgala 這個字的字面意思是吉兆,幸運將臨的徵兆。在本開示中 佛陀解釋,未來吉祥快樂最確定的徵兆,就是現在行善。本經出自《小 部.經集》(Khuddaka-nikāya, Sutta Nipāta, II. 4)。

Maṅgala Suttaṃ

<吉祥經>

Yaṃ maṅgalaṃ dvādasahi, Cintayiṃsu sadevakā; sotthānaṃ nādhigacchanti, aṭṭhatiṃsañca maṅgalaṃ.

「什麼是吉祥?」 十二年來人與天不斷尋思, 但是他們並不瞭解 會帶來快樂的 38 種吉祥。

Desitaṃ devadevena, sabbapāpavināsanaṃ; sabbaloka-hitatthāya, maṅgalaṃ taṃ bhaṇāmahe.

諸天之主〔佛陀〕的教導, 摧毀一切惡, 為了全世界的利益: 讓我們唸誦這些吉祥。

Evaṃ me sutaṃ— Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami.

我是這麼聽說的(如是我聞): 有一次佛陀住在舍衛城 祈樹給孤獨園。 那時,在深夜時分, 有一位容顏美麗, 光彩照亮了全祈園精舍的天女,來 到佛陀所在之處。

49

50 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi:

她到達之後便恭敬地禮敬佛陀,然 後站立一旁。 立於一旁, 這位天女向佛陀這麼說:

Bahū devā manussā ca, maṅgalāni acintayuṃ; ākaṅkhamānā sotthānaṃ, brūhi maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

許多天眾與人, 思索著吉祥, 渴望著快樂。 請說明什麼最吉祥?

[Bhagavā etadavoca:]

〔佛陀回答:〕

Asevanā ca bālānaṃ, paṇḍitānañca sevanā; pūjā ca pūjanīyānaṃ, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

避開愚者, 與智者為伴, 禮敬應得禮敬者: 這樣最吉祥。

Patirūpadesavāso ca, pubbe ca katapuññatā; atta-sammāpaṇidhi ca, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

適宜的居所, 過去善行的功德, 對自己有正確志願: 這樣最吉祥。

Bāhusaccañca sippañca, vinayo ca susikkhito; subhāsitā ca yā vācā, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

博學、精鍊的技能, 完善良好的紀律, 言辭合宜: 這樣最吉祥。

Mātā-pitu-upaṭṭhānaṃ, puttadārassa saṅgaho; anākulā ca kammantā, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

服侍父母, 照顧配偶及子女, 正當的職業: 這樣最吉祥。

Dānañca dhammacariyā ca, ñātakānañca saṅgaho; anavajjāni kammāni, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

慷慨、如法的生活, 照顧親人, 行為無可指責: 這樣最吉祥。

第 9 天/吉祥經 51

Āratī viratī pāpā, majjapānā ca saṃyamo; appamādo ca dhammesu, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

終止邪惡、戒除邪惡, 戒絕麻醉品、酒, 勤修正法: 這樣最吉祥。

Gāravo ca nivāto ca, santuṭṭhi ca kataññutā; kālena dhammassavanaṃ, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

恭敬、謙遜, 知足、感恩, 適時聽聞正法: 這樣最吉祥。

Khantī ca sovacassatā, samaṇānañca dassanaṃ; kālena dhammasākacchā, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

忍耐、順從指導, 親見修行者﹙沙門﹚, 適時討論正法: 這樣最吉祥。

Tapo ca brahmacariyañca, ariyasaccāna-dassanaṃ; nibbānasacchikiriyā ca, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

精勤修行、清淨生活﹙梵行﹚, 親見聖諦, 體證涅槃: 這樣最吉祥。

Phuṭṭhassa lokadhammehi cittaṃ yassa na kampati; asokaṃ virajaṃ khemaṃ, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

當面對人生中的盛衰起伏1, 心不動搖, 不憂傷、無雜染、安穩: 這樣最吉祥。

Etādisāni katvāna, sabbatthamaparājitā; sabbatthasotthiṃ gacchanti, taṃ tesaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.

依此而行者, 所向無敵, 他們到哪裡都幸福安全: 這樣最吉祥。

註: 1. 八種世間法(lokadhammā):得(lābha)失(alābha),毀(ayaso)譽 (yaso),稱讚(pasaṃsā)譏(nindā),樂(sukha)苦(dukkha)。

第 10 天—慈心觀 第十天早上的唱誦,描述了「慈心觀」﹙mettā-bhāvanā﹚修行的一部份。 這裡則列出了給予慈心﹙mettā﹚的完整傳統方式。在第十天早上的唱誦, 葛印卡老師先由向十方散發慈心開始。「在只用英語的單語課程中,他在 傳授慈心觀修法時,則從下面所列的第一偈開始,並繼續其後的不同偈 文。」

Mettā-bhāvanā

<慈心觀>

[Ahaṃ avero homi, abyāpajjho homi, anīgho homi, sukhī attānaṃ pariharāmi.

「願我從敵意中解脫, 願我從瞋恨中解脫, 願我從憤怒中解脫, 願我自己保持快樂。

Mātā-pitu-ācariya-ñātisamūhā, Averā hontu, abyāpajjhā hontu. anīghā hontu, sukhī attānaṃ pariharantu.

父親,母親,老師,親戚, 以及每個人── 願他們從敵意中解脫, 願他們從瞋恨中解脫, 願他們從憤怒中解脫, 願他們自己保持快樂。

Ārakkhadevatā, bhūmaṭṭhadevatā, rukkhaṭṭhadevatā, ākāsaṭṭhadevatā;]

守護神, 地神, 樹神, 天神」

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54 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Puratthimāya disāya, puratthimāya anudisāya, dakkhiṇāya disāya, dakkhiṇāya anudisāya, pacchimāya disāya, pacchimāya anudisāya, uttarāya disāya, uttarāya anudisāya, uparimāya disāya, heṭṭhimāya disāya;

東方, 東南方, 南方, 西南方, 西方, 西北方, 北方, 東北方, 上方, 下方。

Sabbe sattā, sabbe pāṇā, sabbe bhūtā, sabbe puggalā, sabbe attabhāvapariyāpannā, sabbā itthiyo, sabbe purisā, sabbe ariyā, sabbe anariyā, sabbe manussā, sabbe amanussā, sabbe devā, sabbe vinipātikā— averā hontu, abyāpajjhā hontu, anīghā hontu, sukhī attānaṃ pariharantu.

所有眾生、所有活著的生命, 所有生物、所有人類, 所有形式的生命體, 所有女人、所有男人, 所有聖者、所有非聖者, 所有人類、所有非人, 所有天眾、所有惡道眾生── 願他們從敵意中解脫, 願他們從瞋恨中解脫, 願他們從憤怒中解脫, 願他們保持快樂。

Sabbe sattā sukhī hontu, sabbe hontu ca khemino, sabbe bhadrāṇi passantu, mā kiñci pāpamāgamā, mā kiñci sokamāgamā, mā kiñci dukkhamāgamā.

願一切眾生快樂, 願他們都找到真正的安穩〔涅槃〕, 願他們享有幸運吉祥, 願他們不遭遇邪惡, 願他們不遭遇憂傷, 願他們不遭遇痛苦。

集體共修,內觀和慈心觀 每一天,隨著課程的進度,葛印卡老師在共修的開始和結尾,以及重要的 內觀(Vipassana)和慈心觀(mettā)方法指導前後,都會唱誦。本章列出 每一天共修的唱誦。 在前三天練習觀息法(Ānāpāna)的階段,開頭和結尾的唱誦是印地語 對句(Hindi dohā)。通常每一首對句唱誦兩次,在第二次有些許變化。這 裡只列出第一次,除非在重複時有顯著的不同。在第四天內觀方法指導之 後,堅決靜坐(adhiṭṭhāna)的唱誦變成混合了印地語和巴利語的唱誦。

Day One

第一天

morning start Āo logoṅ jagata ke, caleṅ dharama ke pantha; Isa patha calate jñānī jana, isa patha calate santa

<早上開始> 來吧,世人! 讓我們走上正法之道。 此道上有智者行走, 走上此道走出聖者。

morning end Dharama pantha hī śānti patha, dharama pantha sukha pantha; dharama pantha para jo cale, maṅgala jage ananta.

<早上結束> 正法之道是安詳之道, 正法之道是快樂之道。 任何人走上正法之道 找到了無限的幸福。

afternoon start Āte jāte sāṅsa para, rahe nirantara dhyāna; karmoṇ ke bandhana kateṇ, hoye parama kalyāṇa.

<下午開始> 入息,出息── 保持不間斷的覺知, 將會解開業結, 導向最高的福祉。

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56 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

afternoon end Āte jāte sāṅsa para, rahe nirantara dhyāna; karmoṇ ke bandhana kateṇ, hoye parama kalyāṇa.

<下午結束> 入息,出息── 保持不間斷的覺知, 將會解開業結, 導向最高的福祉。

evening start Dharama dharama to saba kaheṅ, dharama na samajhe koya; niramala mana kā ācaraṇa, śuddha dharama hai soya.

<傍晚開始> 每個人都談論正法, 但沒有人了解它。 修行心的清淨── 這是純淨的正法。

evening end Dharama na hindū bauddha hai, dharama na muslima jaina; dharama citta kī śuddhatā, dharama śānti sukha caina.

<傍晚結束> 正法不[屬於]印度教徒或佛教徒, 也不[屬於]伊斯蘭教徒或耆那教徒; 正法是心的清淨, 祥和,快樂,安寧。

Day Two

第二天

morning start Kṣaṇa kṣaṇa kṣaṇa kṣaṇa bītatāṅ, jīvana bītyo jāya; kṣaṇa kṣaṇa ko upayoga kara, bītyo kṣaṇa nahīṅ āya.

<早上開始> 一刻一刻又一刻, 生命不斷地流逝。 好好利用每一刻, 一刻逝去永不再來。

morning end Dharama na mithyā mānyatā, dharama na mithyācāra; dharama na mithyā kalpanā, dharama satya kā sāra.

<早上結束> 正法不是盲目信仰, 正法不是錯誤行為, 正法不是虛幻想像; 正法是真理的精髓。

afternoon start Sāṅsa dekhate dekhate, satya pragaṭatā jāya; satya dekhate dekhate, parama satya dikha jāya.

<下午開始> 當你持續觀察著呼吸 真理會自己顯露。 持續觀察著真理, 你達到究竟真理。

集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 57

afternoon end Jo cāhe maṅgala sadhe, mukti dukkhoṅ se hoya; vaśa meṅ kara le citta ko, citta ke vaśa mata hoye.

<下午結束> 如果你希望獲得快樂 並從痛苦中脫離, 就要掌控自己的心; 不要讓它奴役你。

evening start Jaba jaba antara jagata meṅ, jāge citta vikāra; maiṅ bhī vyākula hoṇ uthūṅ, vikala karūṇ saṃsāra.

<傍晚開始> 每當內在世界 生起心的不淨雜染, 我就變得不安 並使外在世界也不安。

Maiṅ bhī vyākula nā banūṅ, jagata vikala nā hoya; jīvana jīne kī kalā, satya dharama hai soya.

願我也願這世界 從不安中解脫。 這是生活的藝術, 這是真正的法。

evening end Dekho apne āpa ko, samajho apanā āpa; apane ko jāne binā, miṭe na bhava santāpa.

<傍晚結束> 觀察你自己, 以了解自己。 除非你了解自己, 否則投生(有)之苦不會結束。

Day Three

第三天

morning start Kāyika karama sudhāra le, vācika karama sudhāra; manasā karama sudhāra le, yahī dharama kā sāra.

<早上開始> 修正你的身體行為(身業), 修正你的言語行為(口業), 修正你的心意行為(意業): 這是正法的精髓。

morning end Sampradāya nahiṅ dharama hai, dharama na bane divāra; dharama sikhāye ekatā, dharama sikhāye pyāra.

<早上結束> 宗派不是正法; 正法不起藩籬。 正法教導一體性, 正法教導愛。

58 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Jāta pāṅta nahiṅ dharama hai, dharama na baneṅ dīvāra; dharama sikhāye ekatā, manuja manuja meṅ pyāra.

種性或階級皆非正法, 正法不起藩籬。 正法教導一體性, 愛每一個人。

afternoon start Dekho apane āpako, samajho apanā āpa; apane ko jāne binā, miṭe na bhava-santāpa.

<下午開始> 觀察你自己, 以了解自己。 除非你了解自己, 否則投生(有)之苦不會結束。

afternoon end Para sevā hī puṇya hai, para pīḍana hī pāpa; puṇya kiye sukha hī mileṅ, pāpa kiye dukha tāpa.

<下午結束> 服務他人是美德, 傷害他人是罪惡。 美德帶來快樂, 罪惡造成磨難。

evening start Dekho apane āpako, samajho apanā āpa; apane ko jāne binā, miṭe na bhava-santāpa.

<傍晚開始> 觀察你自己, 以了解自己。 除非你了解自己, 否則投生(有)之苦不會結束。

evening end Śīla samādhi jñāna hī, śuddha dharama kā sāra; kāyā vāṇī citta ke, sudhare saba vyavahāra..

<傍晚結束> 戒、定、慧── 是純淨正法的精髓, 轉化全部的身體,言語,以及心意 的行為(身、口、意業)。

Day Four

第四天

morning start Vāṇī to vaśa meṅ bhalī, vaśa meṅ bhalā śarīra; para jo mana vaśa meṅ kare, vahī saccā vīra.

<早上開始> 控制語言是好的, 控制身體是好的, 但能控制自心的人 才是真正的勝利者。

集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 59

morning end Prajñā śīla samādhi hī, maṅgala kā bhaṇḍāra; saba sukha sādhanahāra hai, saba dukha tāraṇa-hāra.

<早上結束> 戒、定、慧── 是幸福的寶藏, 給予所有的快樂, 去除所有的痛苦。

afternoon start Śīla-dharama pālana bhalo, nirmala bhalī samādhi; prajñā to jāgṛta bhalī, dūra kare bhava-vyādhi.

<下午開始> 持戒是好的; 修定是好的; 喚醒內在的智慧是好的, 〔以此〕療癒生命的疾患。

afternoon end Śīlavāna ke dhyāna se, prajñā jāgṛta hoya; antaramana kī granthiyāṅ, sabhī vimocita hoṅya.

<下午結束> 當一個守戒的人修定, 內在的智慧就覺醒了。 內心生起的結 就全部解開了。

Vipassanā-bhāvanā

【內觀方法指導】

Pāli

巴利語

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato, sammā-sambuddhassa. (3x)

禮敬世尊,阿羅漢,正等正覺者(3 次)。

Hindi

印地語

Jaya jaya jaya gurudevajū, jaya jaya kripānidhāna; dharama ratana aisā diyā, huvā parama kalyāṇa.

我的老師,願您勝利; 悲憫的人,願您勝利。 您給我這個正法之寶 對我如此有益。

60 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Aisā cakhāyā dharamarasa, biṣayana rasa na lubhāya; dharama sāra aisā dīyā, chilake diye chuḍāya.

您讓我品嚐正法之甘露, 現在沒有欲愛能引誘我。 您所給予的正法精要, 讓〔無明的〕硬殼剝落。

Dharama diyā kaisa sabala, paga paga kare sahāya; bhaya bhairava sāre miṭe, nirabhaya diyā banāya.

您給予如此強而有力的正法, 幫助並支持我的每一步, 它幫助我擺脫所有恐懼, 讓我毫無畏懼。

Roma roma kirataga huvā, ṛṇa na cukāyā jāya; jīvūṅ jīvana dharama kā, dukhiyana bāṭūṅ dharama sukha, yahī ucita upāya.

這種感恩從每一個毛孔流出, 我無以回報。 我將如法生活, 並將此利益傳給〔世上〕受苦的人, 這是我〔回報〕的唯一途徑。

Guruvara terā pratinidhi, devūṅ dharama kā dāna; jo jo āye tapa karaṇa, ho sabakā kalyāṇa.

喔 我的老師,以您之名, 我給予法的布施。 願所有來此禪修的人, 快樂安詳。

Isa dharatī para dharama kī, amṛta varṣā hoya; śāpa tāpa saba ke dhuleṅ, mānasa nirmala hoya.

願正法甘露 灌溉這片土地。 願它洗滌所有心的煩惱染污, 淨化所有人的心。

Isa dharatī para dharama kī, amṛta varṣā hoya; pāpa tāpa saba ke dhuleṅ, antasa śītala hoya. Saba kā maṅgala hoya, saba kā maṅgala hoya.

願正法甘露 灌溉這片土地。 願它洗滌所有心的煩惱染污, 振奮所有人的心。 願大家快樂, 願大家快樂。

集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 61

Pāli

巴利語

Kammaṭṭhāna

求法〔業處〕

Nibbānassa sacchikaraṇatthāya me bhante vipassanā kammaṭṭhānaṃ dehi.

為了體證涅槃, 老師,請給我內觀禪修的對象(所 緣〔業處〕)。

Hindi:

印地語

Ananta pūṇyamayī, ananta guṇamayī, buddha kī nirvāṇa-dhātu, dharama-dhātu, bodhi-dhātu. Śīśa para jāge pratikṣaṇa, hṛdaya meṅ jāge pratikṣaṇa, aṅga-aṅga jāge pratikṣaṇa.

無量功德的根源, 無量德行的根源, 〔是〕佛陀的涅槃要素, 法的要素,菩提要素! 願它每一刻都在頭〔頂〕生起, 每一刻都在心生起, 每一刻都在全身每一部分生起。

Ananta pūṇyamayī ananta guṇamayī, dharama kī nirvāṇa-dhātu, jñāna-dhātu, bodhi-dhātu. Śīśa para jāge pratikṣaṇa, hṛdaya meṅ jāge pratikṣaṇa, aṅga-aṅga jāge pratikṣaṇa.

無量功德的根源, 無量德行的根源, 〔是〕正法的涅槃要素, 法的要素,菩提要素! 願它每一刻都在頭〔頂〕生起, 每一刻都在心生起, 每一刻都在全身每一部分生起。

Ananta pūṇyamayī ananta guṇamayī, saṅgha kī nirvāṇa-dhātu, dharama-dhātu, bodhi-dhātu. Śīśa para jāge pratikṣaṇa, hṛdaya meṅ jāge pratikṣaṇa, aṅga-aṅga jāge pratikṣaṇa.

無量功德的根源, 無量德行的根源, 〔是〕僧伽的涅槃要素, 法的要素,菩提要素! 願它每一刻都在頭〔頂〕生起, 每一刻都在心生起, 每一刻都在全身每一部分生起。

62 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

【內觀方法指導後之結束唱誦】 Hindi

印地語

Sādhaka terā ho bhalā, ho maṅgala kalyāṇa; aṅga aṅga prajñā jage, jage dharama kā jñāna.

喔 禪修者〔男性〕, 願成功屬於你, 願你安詳快樂。 願洞見在每一部分生起, 正法的智慧。

Beṭī terā ho bhalā, ho terā kalyāṇa; aṅga aṅga jage dharama, anityatā kā jñāna.

喔 女兒,願成功屬於妳, 願你安詳快樂。 願正法在每一部分生起, 無常的智慧。

Pāli

巴利語

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂。(3 次)

【堅決靜坐的唱誦】 從此時開始,課程中的共修以一首印地語對句開始,並以此處所列的巴利 經文結束。由於結束的唱誦都一樣(只有第八天不同,如下所註),因此 只列出從第五天到第十天,共修開始的印地語對句。 Hindi

印地語

evening start Śīla samādhi jñāna kī, bahe triveṇī dhāra; ḍubakī māre so tire, ho dukha sāgara pāra.

<傍晚開始> 戒、定、慧── 三河匯集而同流。 投入此三者的合流, 你得以渡過苦海。

集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 63

Pāli

巴利語

evening end Aniccā vata saṅkhārā, uppādavaya-dhammino; uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukho.

<傍晚結束> 諸行確實無常, 自然不斷生滅。 一旦它們生起且被根除, 它們的止息帶來真正的快樂。

Aneka-jāti-saṃsāraṃ, sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ; gahakārakaṃ gavesanto, dukkhā-jāti-punappunaṃ.

在輪迴中無數次的投生, 我徒然無益地奔跑, 尋找這個房屋的建造者; 而一再面對新生的痛苦。

Gahakāraka! Diṭṭhosi, puna gehaṃ na kāhasi; sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhitaṃ; visaṅkhāra-gataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā.

喔 房子的建造者! 現在你已被發現了。 你將不能再為我建造房屋。 你所有的樑已斷,棟已毀。 心已從諸行中解脫; 達到了貪愛的止息。

Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’ti, yadā paññāya passati; atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyā.

諸行無常 當以智慧如此觀看洞察, 即可從苦中解脫── 這就是淨化的道路。

day eight only

《註:第八天﹙特有﹚》

[Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ; labhatī pīti-pāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānataṃ.]

無論何時何地, 只要全然了知五蘊的生滅, 就能體驗到喜悅快樂, 〔而導向〕 智者所體證的無死之境。

64 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Puññānumodanaṃ

《分享功德》

Sabbesu cakkavāḷesu, yakkhā devā ca brahmuno; yaṃ amhehi kataṃ puññaṃ, sabba-sampatti sādhakaṃ.

在一切宇宙中, 願夜叉、天人以及梵天 隨喜我們所做的功德, 將帶來一切的利益。

Sabbe taṃ anumoditvā, samaggā sāsane ratā; pamādarahitā hontu, ārakkhāsu visesato.

願他們全部, 一致投入此教法, 尤其在護持上 毫不懈怠。

Puñña-bhāgamidaṃ c’aññaṃ, samaṃ dadāma kāritaṃ; anumodantu taṃ sabbe, medinī ṭhātu sakkhike.

現在和過去所獲的功德, 我們〔和他們〕平等地分享。 願他們歡喜接受, 並願大地見證。

Day Five

第五天

morning start Gaṅgā jamunā sarasvatī, śīla samādhi jñāna; tīnoṅ kā saṅgama hove, pragaṭe pada niravāṇa.

<早上開始> 恆河、亞穆納河、薩拉斯瓦蒂河, 就是戒、定、慧, 在這三河匯流之處, 顯現了涅槃。

afternoon start Mana ke karama sudhāra le, mana hī pramukha pradhāna; kāyika vācika karama to, mana kī hī santāna.

<下午開始> 修正你的心意行為(意業), 心意是首要關鍵。 身體和言語的行為(身、口業), 都是心意的延伸。

evening start Jaisī cita kī cetanā, vaisā hī phala hoya; duramana kā phala dukhada hī, sukhada sumana kā hoya.

<傍晚開始> 有什麼樣的心意動機, 就有什麼樣的結果: 不清淨的心結出苦果, 清淨的心帶來快樂。

集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 65

Day Six

第六天

morning start Śīla dharama kī nīṅva hai, dhyāna dharama ki bhīṅta; prajñā chata hai dharama kī, maṅgala bhavana punīta.

<早上開始> 戒是正法的地基, 定築成牆壁, 慧是屋頂: 快樂的吉祥住所。

afternoon start Bhogata bhogata bhogate, baṅdhana baṅdhatā jāya; dekhata dhekhata dhekhate, baṅdhana khulate jāya.

<下午開始> 在感官享樂中一再翻轉, 我們不斷打著心結。 觀察,觀察,觀察, 我們就打開所有的結。

evening start Maiṅ maiṅ maiṅ hī janama kā, jarā mṛtyu kā mūla; ahaṃ bhāva miṭe binā, miṭe na bhava bhaya śula.

<傍晚開始> 我,我,我〔自我中心〕── 就是生、老、死的根源。 除非去除自我, 否則存有的折磨恐懼沒完沒了。

Day Seven

第七天

morning start Jyoṅ jyoṅ antara jagata meṅ, samatā sthita ho jāye; kāyā vāṇī citta ke, karama sudharate jāyeṅ

<早上開始> 每當內在世界裡, 建立了平等心, 身體、言語、心意的行為 (身、口、意業), 就轉化了。

afternoon start Bhogata bhogata bhogate, gāṅṭheṅ bandhatī jāṅya; dekhata dekhata dekhate, gāṅṭheṅ khulatī jāṅya.

<下午開始> 在感官享樂中一再翻轉, 我們不斷打著心結。 觀察,觀察,觀察, 我們就打開所有的結。

66 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

evening start Jaba taka mana meṅ rāga hai, jaba taka mana meṅ dveṣa; taba taka dukha hī dukha hai, miṭeṅ na mana ke kleśa.

<傍晚開始> 只要內心裡還有貪愛; 只要內心裡還有瞋恨, 就會有痛苦,只有痛苦, 〔因為〕心的煩惱沒有淨除。

Day Eight

第八天

morning start Dharama hamārā īśavara, dharama hamārā nātha; hama to nirabhaya hī raheṅ, dharama hamāre sātha.

<早上開始> 法是我們的主人, 法是我們的君主。 如果法與我們同在, 我們就無所畏懼。

afternoon start Dharama hī mhāro īśa hai, dharama hī mhāro nātha; mhe to nirabhaya hī ravāṅ, dharama hai mhāre sātha.

<下午開始> 法是我們的主人, 法是我們的君主。 如果法與我們同在, 我們就無所畏懼。

Dharama hamārā īśavara, dharama hamārā nātha; sadā surakhśita hī raheṅ, dharama sadā ho sātha

法是我們的主人, 法是我們的君主。 如果法與我們同在, 我們就會受到良好保護。

evening start Jitanā gaharā rāga hai, utanā gaharā dveṣa; jitanā gaharā dveṣa hai, utanā gaharā kleśa.

<傍晚開始> 貪愛愈深, 瞋恨就愈深。 瞋恨愈深, 不淨雜染(苦)就愈深。

集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 67

Day Nine

第九天

morning start Dharama hamārā bandhu hai, sakhā sahāyaka mīta; caleṅ dharama ke pantha hī, rahe dharama se prīta.

<早上開始> 法是我們的親屬, 同伴、伴侶、朋友。 讓我們走上正法之道, 獻上我們對正法的愛。

afternoon start Sukha āye nāce nahīṅ, dukha āye nahīṅ roya; donoṅ meṅ samarasa rahe, to hī maṅgala soya.

<下午開始> 愉快時不手舞足蹈, 痛苦時不痛哭哀號, 對兩者都保持平衡── 這是最高的福祉。

evening start Mānava kā jīvana milā, milā dharama anamola; aba śraddhā se yatana se, apane bhaṅdhana khola.

<傍晚開始> 生為人身已得; 無價正法已得。 現在就以信心和精進 解開心結。

Day Ten

第十天

morning start Isa dukhiyāre jagata meṅ, dukhiyā rahe na koya; śuddha dharama jaga meṅ jage, jana-jana sukhiyā hoya.

<早上開始> 在這苦難世間裡, 願沒有人不快樂。 願法於世間生起, 帶給所有人快樂。

Mettā introduction

【慈心觀】

Dveṣa aura durabhāva kā, rahe na nāma niśāna; sneha aura sadbhāva se, bhara leṅ tana, mana, prāṇa. (2x).

願瞋恨和惡意 完全消失無蹤。 願慈愛和善意 充滿身心和生命。(2 次)

68 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Hindi mettā practice

【印地語慈心觀】

Bhalā ho, bhalā ho, sabakā bhalā ho. Maṅgala ho, maṅgala ho, sabakā maṅgala ho. Kalyāṇa ho, kalyāṇa ho, sabakā kalyāṇa ho.

願一切眾生快樂, 快樂,快樂。 願一切眾生安詳, 安詳,快樂。 願一切眾生解脫, 解脫,解脫。

Sāre prāṇī nirabhaya hoṅ, nirabaira hoṅ, nirāmaya hoṅ; sāre prāṇī sukhī hoṅ, sukhī hoṅ, sukhī hoṅ.

願一切眾生免於恐懼, 免於敵意,免於疾病。 願一切眾生快樂, 快樂,快樂。

Jaise mere dukha kaṭe, sabake dukha kaṭa jāṅya; jaise mere dina phire, sabake dina phira jāṅya; (2x) jana jana sukha chā jāya.

如同我的痛苦已經終結, 願每個人的痛苦也終結。 如同我的人生已經改善, 願所有人的人生也改善;(2 次) 願大家快樂。

Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ. (3x)

願一切眾生快樂。(3 次)

Bhalā ho, bhalā ho, bhalā ho

快樂,快樂,快樂。

Mettā closing

【慈心觀結束】

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . .

願一切眾生快樂,… 願你快樂,…

Dṛśya aura adṛśya sabhī, jīvoṅ kā maṅgala hoya re. (2x) Jala ke, thala ke, aura gagana ke; (2x) prāṇī sukhiyā hoṅya re. (2x)

無論是看得見或看不見的, 願一切眾生快樂。(2 次) 在水中,在地上以及在空中的, (2 次) 願一切眾生快樂。(2 次)

集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 69

Dasoṅ diśāoṅ ke saba prāṇī; (2x) maṅgalalābhī hoṅya re. (2x)

願在十方的一切眾生,(2 次) 得到安詳及快樂。

Nirabhaya hoṅ, nirabaira baneṅ saba; sabhī nirāmaya hoṅya re. (2x)

願大家免於恐懼和敵意, 願大家免於疾病。(2 次)

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . . . Jana jana maṅgala, . . . hoya re.

願大家都快樂,… 願你快樂,… 願一切眾生快樂,…

afternoon start Dhanyabhāga sābuna milā, niramala pāyā nīra; āo dhoyeṅ svayama hī, apane maile cīra.

<下午開始> 我們有幸得到了肥皂 以及乾淨的水。 來吧!我們必須自己洗滌 這片布〔心〕的骯髒。

afternoon end Maṅgala maṅgala dharama kā, phala maṅgala hī hoya; antara kī gāṇṭheṅ khuleṅ, mānasa niramala hoya.

<下午結束> 這最吉祥的法 結出吉祥的果實: 解開內在的結, 心變得清淨無染。

Mettā introduction

【慈心觀】

Dūra rahe durabhāvanā, dveṣa raheṅ saba dūra; niramala niramala citta meṅ, pyāra bhare bharapūra.(2x)

願惡意遠離, 願所有瞋恨消失。 願清淨無染的心 充滿慈愛。(2 次)

Bhalā ho, maṅgala ho, kalyāṇa ho. (2x) Sabakā bhalā ho, sabakā maṅgala ho. (2x)

願每快樂,安詳,解脫。(2 次) 願大家快樂,願大家安詳。 (2 次)

70 金座上的寶石-- 解行並重

Sāre prāṇī nirabhaya hoṅ, nirabaira hoṅ, nirāmaya hoṅ; sāre prāṇī sukhī hoṅ, sukhī hoṅ, sukhī hoṅ.

願一切眾生免於恐懼, 免於敵意,免於疾病。 願一切眾生快樂, 快樂,快樂。

Mettā closing

【慈心觀結束】

Mana-mānasa meṅ pyāra hī, urmila urmila hoya; roma-roma se dhvani uṭhe, maṅgala maṅgala hoya.

願慈愛擴散 傳遍心湖。 願每個毛孔都發出聲音: 快樂,快樂!

Sabakā maṅgala, . . . Terā maṅgala, . .

願大家快樂,… 願你快樂,…

下午慈心觀結束部分,從這裡開始,和早上慈心觀結束的唱誦一樣。. Dṛśya aura adṛśya sabhī, . . evening start Antara meṅ ḍubakī lagī, bhīga gae saba aṅga; dharama raṅga aisā caḍhā, caḍhe na dūjā raṅga. Day Eleven Mettā introduction Mere arjita puṇya meṅ, bhāga sabhī kā hoya; isa maṅgala-maya dharama kā, lābha sabhī ko hoya.

無論是看得見…(請見第68-69 頁) <傍晚開始> 深深向內投入, 整個人都完全浸潤於 法的色彩, 再沒有其他顏色能雜染。 第十一天 【慈心觀】 願我所獲的功德 和每一個人分享。 願這廣大無邊的正法 利益每一個人。

集體共修,內觀及慈心觀 71

Puññānumodanaṃ

《分享功德》

Sabbesu cakkavāḷesu . . .

在一切宇宙中…(請見第 64 頁)。

Maiṅ karatā sabako kṣamā, kareṅ mujhe saba koya; mere to saba mitra haiṅ, bairī dikhe na koya.

我原諒所有的人, 願所有的人都原諒我。 所有的人都是我的朋友; 沒有一個是我的敵人。

Mettā closing

【慈心觀結束】

Namana kareṅ hama dharama ko, dharama kare kalyāṇa; dharama sadā rakṣā kare, dharama baḍā balavāna.

讓我們禮敬正法, 正法帶來幸福快樂。 正法總是保護我們。 正法的力量是偉大的!

Namana kareṅ saba dharama ko, dharama kare kalyāṇa; dharama sadā maṅgala kare, dharama baḍā balavāna. (2x)

願大家禮敬正法, 正法帶來幸福快樂。 正法總是帶來吉祥。 正法的力量是偉大的!(2 次)

開示中引用的巴利文經句 第二天 Tumhe hi kiccaṃ ātappaṃ, akkhātāro tathāgatā. --Dhammmapada, XX. 4(276). 你必須自己用功修行, 覺者只指引我們道路。 另譯:了參法師譯《南傳法句經》 汝當自努力!如來惟說者。 隨禪定行者,解脫魔繫縛。 --法句經 20 道品 第 4 偈(第 276 偈) Sabba-pāpassa akaraṇaṃ, kusalassa upasampadā, sa-citta pariyodapanaṃ— etaṃ Buddbāna-sāsanaṃ. --Dhammapada, XIV, 5(183). 諸惡莫作, 眾善奉行, 自淨其意— 這是諸佛的教導。 另譯:了參法師譯《南傳法句經》 一切惡莫作,一切善應行, 自調淨其意,是則諸佛教。 --法句經 14 佛陀品 第 5 偈(第 183 偈)

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74 金座上的寶石—解行並重

第四天 Niccaṃ kāyagatā-sati --Dhammapada, XXI. 4 (293). 一直保持對身體的覺知[身至念]。 Mano-pubbaṅgamā dhammā, mano-seṭṭhā, mano-mayā. Manasā ce paduṭṭhena bhāsati vā karoti vā, tato naṃ dukkhamanveti cakkaṃ’va vahato padaṃ. Mano-pubbaṅgamā dhammā, mano-seṭṭhā, mano-mayā. Manasā ce pasannena, bhāsati vā karoti vā, tato naṃ sukhamanveti chāyā’va anapāyinī. --Dhammapada, I. 1&2. 心先於一切現象, 心最重要,一切都是心所造的。 若言談舉止出於不淨之心, 則痛苦亦步亦趨,如車輪緊隨於拖車牲口之足後。 心先於一切現象, 心最重要,一切都是心所造的。 若言談舉止出於清淨之心, 則快樂如影隨形,須臾不離。 另譯:了參法師譯《南傳法句經》 諸法意先導,意主意造作。 若以染污意,或語或行業, 是則苦隨彼,如輪隨獸足。

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諸法意先導,意主意造作。 若以清淨意,或語或行業, 是則樂隨彼,如影不離形。 --法句經 1 雙品 第 1、2 偈 第五天 Jāti’pi dukkhā; jarā’pi dukkhā; vyādhi’pi dukkhā; maraṇam’pi dukkhaṃ; appiyehi sampayogo dukkho; piyehi vippayogo dukkho; yam’p’icchaṃ na labhati tam’pi dukkhaṃ; saṅkhittena pañc’upādānakkhandhā dukkhā. --Dhamma-cakkappavattana Sutta, Saṃyutta Nikāya, LVI(XII). ii. 1. 生是苦;老是苦; 病是苦;死是苦; 怨憎會是苦; 愛別離是苦; 求不得是苦; 簡言之,對五蘊的執取就是苦。 --相應部 大篇 12 諦相應 2 轉法輪品 1 如來所說經(一) Aniccā vata saṅkhārā, uppādavaya-dhammino; uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukho. --Mahā-Parinibbāna Sutta, Dīgha Nikāya, II. 3. 諸行確實無常, 自然地生起、滅去。 如果它們生起之後就息滅再無後續, 則其止息便能帶來喜樂。

76 金座上的寶石—解行並重

另譯: 諸行無常,是生滅法。 生滅滅已,寂滅為樂。 --長部 第二 大品 16 大般涅槃經 Paṭicca-samuppāda 緣起法 請詳第 39-40 頁。 Aneka-jāti saṃsāraṃ, sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ; gahakārakaṃ gavesanto, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ. Gahakāraka diṭṭhosi, puna gehaṃ na kāhasi; sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhitaṃ; visaṅkhāra-gataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā. --Dhammapada, XI. 8&9(153&154). 經過了無數的生死輪迴, 我一直尋找不到房屋的建造者; 因而一次又一次地我經歷新的輪迴(出生)的苦痛, 喔!房屋的建造者呀,我終於找到你了, 你無法再為我起造新的屋子了。 你所有的橫樑已斷裂, 棟木已摧毀, 我的心已從習性反應的束縛中解脫出來; 已經達到貪的止息。 另譯:了參法師譯《南傳法句經》 經多生輪迴,尋求造屋者, 但未得見之,痛苦再再生。

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以見造屋者!不再造於屋。 椽捔皆毀壞,棟樑亦催折。 我既證無為,一切愛盡滅。 --法句經 11 老品 第 8、9 偈(第 153、154 偈) 第六天 Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’ti; yadā pāññāya passati; atha nibbindati dukkhe- esa maggo visuddhiyā. --Dhammapada, XX. 5(277). 「諸行無常」, 洞察及此, 便能離苦; 此即淨化之道。 另譯:了參法師譯《南傳法句經》 「一切行無常」,以慧觀照時, 得厭離於苦。此乃清淨道。 --法句經 20 道品 第 5 偈(第 277 偈) Khīṇaṃ purāṇaṃ navaṃ natthi sambhavaṃ, viratta-citta-āyatike bhavasmiṃ; te khīṇa-bījā avirūḷhi-chandā, nibbanti dhīrā yathāyaṃ padīpo. -- Sutta Nipāta, Ratana Sutta, II. 1. 當舊[業]摧毀且不再造新業時, 心不再執取未來的投生。 種子摧毀了,[對於有]的渴愛即不生長, 這些智者寂滅就如燈焰一樣。 --小部 經集 三寶經

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Sabba-dānaṃ Dhamma-dānaṃ jināti, sabbaṃ-rasaṃ Dhamma-raso jināti, sabbaṃ-ratiṃ Dhamma-rati jināti, taṇhakkhayo sabba-dukkhaṃ jināti. --Dhammapada, XXIV. 21(354). 法施勝過其他所有的布施, 法味勝過其他所有的體驗, 法喜勝過其他所有的快樂,. 貪愛的止息勝過所有的痛苦。 另譯:了參法師譯《南傳法句經》 諸施法施勝;諸味法味勝; 諸喜法喜勝;除愛勝諸苦。 --法句經 24 愛欲品 第 21 偈(第 354 偈) 第七天 Ye ca Buddhā atītā ca, Ye ca Buddhā anāgatā, paccuppannā ca ye Buddhā ahaṃ vandāmi sabbadā. Imāya Dhammānudhamma paṭipattiyā Buddhaṃ pūjemi, Dhammaṃ pūjemi, Saṅghaṃ pūjemi. 我禮敬所有 過去的佛, 未來的佛, 現在的佛。 自始至終走在學正法的道路上,

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從最初始至最終, 我以此方式禮敬佛, 我以此方式禮敬法, 我以此方式禮敬僧。 Buddha-vandanā Iti’pi so bhagavā, arahaṃ, sammā-sambuddho, vijjā-caraṇa-sampanno, sugato, lokavidū, anuttaro purisa-damma-sārathi, satthā deva-manussānaṃ, Buddho Bhagavā’ti. 禮敬佛 他確實是這樣的人: 「已從染污不淨中解脫(世尊), 消滅心的所有煩惱(阿羅漢、應供), 經由自己的努力而完全解脫(正徧知), 在理論及實修上皆圓滿通達(名行足), 已經達到最終的目標(善逝), 了知世間一切(世間解), 無與倫比的教導訓練者(無上士、調御丈夫), 天神及世人的導師(天人師), 佛陀、世尊」。 Dhamma-vandanā Svākkhāto Bhagavatā Dhammo, sandiṭṭhiko, akāliko,

80 金座上的寶石—解行並重

ehi-passiko, opanayiko, paccataṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. 禮敬法 世尊所善妙宣說的法, 學習與奉行便能親身體會, 當下就能得到成果, 請來親自試試看, 它直接指向解脫的目標, 任何有智之人都能親自體證。 Saṅgha-vandanā Supaṭipanno Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho. Ujupaṭipanno Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho. Ñāyapaṭipanno Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho. Sāmīcipaṭipanno Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho. Yadidaṃ cattāri purisa-yugāni, aṭṭha-purisa-puggalā, esa Bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho; āhuneyyo, pāhuneyyo, dakkhiṇeyyo, añjali-karaṇīyo, anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. --Mahā-Parinibbāna Sutta, Dīgha Nikāya, II. 3. 禮敬僧 僧伽是世尊的追隨者,他們已良好地修行正法。 僧伽是世尊的追隨者,他們已正直地修行正法。 僧伽是世尊的追隨者,他們已如理地修行正法。 僧伽是世尊的追隨者,他們已正確地修行正法。 他們就是四雙八輩的聖人,那才是世尊的追隨者,僧伽。 他們值得供養、歡迎、布施及禮敬,是世間無上的福田。 --長部 第二 大品 16 大般涅槃經

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第八天 Phuṭṭhassa loka-dhammehi, cittaṃ yassa na kampati, asokaṃ, virajaṃ, khemaṃ, etaṃ mangalamuttamaṃ. --Mahā-Maṅgala Sutta, Sutta Nipāta, II. 4. 面對生活中的起伏, 心志堅定不移,從悲苦、不淨雜染、不安中解脫出來, 這是最大的福祉。 另譯:元亨寺編譯《漢譯南傳大藏經》 觸諸世間法,其心不動搖, 安穩離塵憂,是最上吉祥。 --小部 經集 2 小品 4 大吉祥經或小部 小誦經 5 吉祥經 Katvāna kaṭṭhamudaraṃ iva gabbhinīyā Ciñcāya duṭṭhavacanaṃ janakāya majjhe, santena soma vidhinā jitavā munindo. Taṃ tejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅgalāni! --Buddha-Jayamaṅgala Gāthā. 旃遮在肚子上纏了塊木頭,裝作懷孕的樣子, 跑到群眾當中辱罵佛陀。 世尊以平靜、溫和的方式加以化解以這種德行的殊勝力量, 願你獲得安祥! --佛勝吉祥偈

82 金座上的寶石—解行並重

第九天 Pakārena jānāti’ti paññā. --Aṭṭhasālinī. 智慧就是能以不同的方式了知事物。 --法集論註 第十天 Atta-dīpā viharatha, atta-saraṇā, anañña-saraṇā. Dhamma-dīpā viharatha, Dhamma -saraṇā, anañña-saraṇā. --Mahā-Parinibbāna Sutta, Dīgha Nikāya, 16. 建一座自己的島, 讓自己成為自己的皈依處,此外別無皈依處。 讓法成為自己的島, 讓法成為自己的皈依處,此外別無皈依處。 另譯:元亨寺《漢譯南傳大藏經》 以自作洲,自做歸依,勿歸依他人。 以法作洲,以法為歸依而住,勿歸依他人。 --長部 第二 大品 16 大般涅槃經

附錄:巴利唱誦的字義 WORD MEANINGS OF THE PĀLI CHANTING The word meanings in the following list are provided to give the reader a simple introductory guide to the vocabulary in the Pāli chanting. This is not a comprehensive grammar. Please efer to a textbook of Pāli for help with case endings, grammar and compound word formation. Namo Tassa [page 1 and repeated page 7] Namo ....................................................................... Homage tassa to him bhagavato (to the) Blessed One arahato (to the) worthy one sammāsambuddhassa (to the) fully self-enlightened One Tisaraṇaṃ Gamanaṃ [page 3 and repeated page 7] Ti + saraṇa + gamanaṃ…………………… triple + refuge + going (gamanaṃ = going) Buddhaṃ accusative of Buddha saraṇaṃ refuge/protection gacchāmi I go Dhammaṃ acc. of Dhamma Saṅghaṃ acc. of Saṅgha Pañcasīla Pañca + sīla………………………………. pāṇātipātā pāṇa + atipāta veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi adinnādānā = adinna + ādāna kāmesu micchācārā = micchā + cāra Musā-vādā = (Musā + vāda) Surā Meraya Majja pamādaṭṭhānā

Five moral precepts [page 3] (five + moral precepts) (from) killing living beings (living beings + destruction of life, killing) abstinence rule of (moral) training, precept (I) undertake (from) taking what is not given (that which is not given + taking/seizing) (in) sexual lust (from) misconduct (wrong + behavior) (from) wrong/false speech (false + speech) spirituous liquor fermented liquor intoxicant (from) causes of heedlessness/intemperate behaviour

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Aṭṭhaṅgasīla Eight-fold moral precepts [pages 3-4] The Aṭṭhaṅgasīla follows the order of the Pañcasīla with the following variations and additions: Aṭṭha + aṅga + sīla………………………… (eight + constituents (of) + moral conduct) abrahmacariyā (from) incelibacy vikālabhojanā = vikāla + bhojana (from) eating at the wrong time ......(wrong/improper time + meal) nacca dancing gīta singing vādita instrumental music visūkadassanā visiting shows/exhibitions mālā garland gandha scent, perfume vilepana cosmetics dhāraṇa wearing maṇḍana adornment, finery vibhūsanaṭṭhānā (from things for) decoration/embellishment uccāsayana high bed/couch mahāsayanā (from using) great /luxurious bed Pariccajāmi Surrender [page 4] Imāhaṃ………………………………….. this + I bhante Venerable Sir attabhāvaṃ individ uality, personality, identity jīvitaṃ life bhagavato to the Blessed One pariccajāmi (I) surrender/renounce ācariyassa …………………………………to the teacher Kammaṭṭhāna Request of Dhamma [page 4] Nibbānassa ……………………………….(of) nibbāna sacchikaraṇatthāya (for the purpose of) realization/experience me (to) me ānāpāna = āna + apāna inbreath, outbreath (inhaled breath + exhaled breath) kammaṭṭhānaṃ meditation object dehi grant Bhavatu sabba maṅgalaṃ [page 4] Bhavatu ................................................................... may (there) be Sabba all maṅgalaṃ happiness, beatitude Deva-āhvānasuttaṃ [no. 2.a, page 6] Deva-āhvānasuttaṃ .............................................. address to the devās Samantā from all sides cakkavāḷesu in the world systems atrāgacchantu = atra + āgacchantu here + may come devatā devās

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Saddhammaṃ true/pure Dhamma munirājassa of the king of sages suṇantu may listen saggamokkhadaṃ. Leading to heaven and liberation Dhammassavaṇakālo =Dhamma .................time to listen to the Dhamma (Dhamma + savaṇa + kālo + listening + time) ayaṃ this bhadantā respected ones Alternate days Deva-āhvānasuttaṃ [no. 2.b, page 7] Ye .....................................................................those santā peaceful ones santa-cittā of peaceful mind tisaraṇa-saraṇā whose refuge is the triple gem ettha here, in this world lokantare other world vā or Bhummābhummā = bhummā ......................dwelling on earth or elsewhere (terrestrial + abhummā + non-terrestrial) ca also guṇa-gaṇa-gahaṇā merits-multitude-acquiring byāvaṭā busy sabbakālaṃ. all the time ete .....................................................................these āyantu may come Vara-kanakamaye excellent gold merurāje on royal Meru (a mythical mountain) vasanto dwelling santo.....................................................................peaceful santosahetuṃ = santosa + hetuṃ contentment + for munivara-vacanaṃ = muni + vara the words of the supreme sage (sage + supreme + vacanaṃ + words) sotumaggaṃ = sotuṃ + aggaṃ to listen + the best samaggaṃ. together, unitedly [For no. 3., page 7: Namo tassa . . ., see page 83] [For no. 4., page 7:Tisaraṇaṃ Gamanaṃ , see page 83.] [no. 5., page 7] Imāya................................................................... (by) this Dhammānudhamma from the first step to the final goal (the law in its fullness) = Dhamma + anudhamma (dhamma + in conformity with the law/dhamma) paṭipattiyā (by) practice Buddhaṃ acc. of Buddha pūjemi (I) pay respects/revere

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Dhammaṃ Saṅghaṃ

acc. of Dhamma acc. of saṅgha

[no. 6., pages 7-8] Ye……………………………………….. ca Buddhā atītā anāgatā paccuppannā ahaṃ vandāmi sabbadā Dhammā Saṅghā

Those also, too Buddhas (pl.) past future (not yet come) present, existing I pay respects/homage always dhammas (pl.) saṅghas (pl.)

[no. 7., page 8] Natthi…………………………………… me aññaṃ Buddho (Dhammo, Saṅgho) varaṃ etena saccavajjena = sacca + vajja jayassu jayamaṅgalaṃ. = jaya + maṅgalaṃ bhavatu te sabba maṅgalaṃ = sabba + maṅgalaṃ

is not mine any other nominative of Buddha (Dhamma, Saṅgha) supreme, excellent by this by this true utterance (truth + utterance) may there be victory victory and happiness (victory + happiness) may be, be yours happiness, welfare of all (all + happiness)

Tiratana Vandanā [pages 8 - 9] Ti + ratana + vandanā (pl.) three + jewels, gems + paying respects, homage Itipi = iti + pi……………………………… Thus also (thus + also) so he bhagavā exalted one, freed from impurities arahaṃ worthy one, one who has killed his enemies sammāsambuddho fully enlightened by his own efforts vijjācaraṇasampanno = vijjā + ācaraṇa perfect in theory and practice. (theory + practice + sampanno + endowed with) sugato faring well, having reached the final goal lokavidū knower of the entire universe anuttaro incomparable purisa-damma-sārathī trainer of men (charioteer) satthā teacher devamanussānaṃ of Gods and humans Svākkhāto = su + akkhāto………………… clearly expounded (well + proclaimed/told) sandiṭṭhiko to be experienced directly akāliko giving results here and now

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ehipassiko inviting one to come and see opaneyyiko leading straight to the goal paccattaṃ individually, for oneself veditabbo to be realized viññūhi by any wise, intelligent person Suppaṭipanno .....................................................who are having good practice sāvakasaṅgho order of disciples ujuppaṭipanno who are having upright practice ñāyappaṭipanno who are practicing wisely sāmīcippaṭipanno who are having proper practice yadidaṃ that is cattāri four purisayugāni = purisa + yugāni pairs of persons (men + pairs) aṭṭhapurisapuggalā eight kinds of individuals esa this āhuneyyo worthy of gifts, of adoration pāhuneyyo worthy of hospitality dakkhiṇeyyo worthy of offerings añjalikaraṇīyo worthy of reverence with clasped hands anuttaraṃ incomparable, unsurpassed puññakkhettaṃ = puñña + khettaṃ field of merit (merit + field) lokassa for the world [Pāli suttas pages 23 - 60] Day 1 Āṭānāṭiya Suttaṃ Āṭānāṭa name of town Appasannehi ......................................................unhappy, non-believing, not pleased nāthassa lord (of, towards) sāsane teaching sādhu good people sammate agreed upon by amanussehi non-humans caṇḍehi wrathful sadā always kibbisakāribhi evil-doers Parisānaṃ ...........................................................assembly catassannaṃ four ahiṃsāya non-hurting ca and, also, too guttiyā protection yaṃ which, that desesi taught mahāvīro of Great valor (Buddha) parittaṃ protective words taṃ that bhaṇāmahe let us recite

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Vipassī ............................................................. earlier Buddha namatthu homage cakkhumantassa = cakkhu + manta endowed with the eye of wisdom (eye + endowed with) sirīmato glorious Sikhi earlier Buddha sabbabhūtānukampino = sabba + bhūta compassionate to all beings (all + beings + anukampino + compassionate) Vessabhū......................................................... earlier Buddha nhātakassa one who has washed off all defilements tapassino ardent meditator Kakusandha earlier Buddha mārasenāpamaddino = māra + senā vanquisher of the army of Māra (Māra + army + pamaddino + vanquisher) Koṇāgamana .................................................. earlier Buddha brāhmaṇassa of pure life, sinless life vusīmato perfect one Kassapa earlier Buddha vippamuttassa completely freed sabbadhi in every aspect Aṅgīrasa .......................................................... resplendent one, radiant one sakyaputtassa son of the Sakyās (clan) Yo who imaṃ this sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṃ = sabba dispels all suffering (all + suffering + dispel) + dukkhā + panūdanaṃ Ye ................................................................. who cāpi = ca + api and also nibbutā extinguished craving for the world, liberated loke in the world yathābhūtaṃ reality as it is vipassisuṃ insight Te they, these janā people apisuṇātha utter no evil mahantā mighty vītasāradā not unexperienced, wise Hitaṃ............................................................... benefaction devamanussānaṃ gods and men yaṃ whom namassanti whom people respect Vijjācaraṇasampannaṃ perfect in knowledge and moral conduct mahantaṃ mighty Ete ................................................................. these caññe = ca + aññe and others sambuddhā fully enlightened by his own efforts anekasatakoṭiyo many hundreds of crores (one crore=ten = aneka + sata + koṭiyo million) (many+hundred+crores)

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sabbe all Buddhā enlightened ones samasamā equal mahiddhikā possessing great supernatual powers dasabalūpetā ......................................................endowed with ten types of strength = dasa + bala + upetā (ten + strengths + endowed with) vesārajjehupāgatā attained the 4 subjects of confidence paṭijānanti know āsabhaṭṭhānamuttamaṃ a bull’s place i.e. distinguished place = āsabha + ṭhānaṃ + uttamaṃ (bull + place/position + best) Sīhanādaṃ = sihā + nādaṃ.............................lion’s roar (lion + roar) nadante sound parisāsu in the assemblies visāradā skilled, confident, wise brahmacakkaṃ wheel of Dhamma pavattenti they roll, start loke in the world appaṭivattiyaṃ the movement cannot be turned back Upetā ...................................................................endowed Buddhadhammehi (with) qualities of a Buddha aṭṭhārasahi 18 types of (extraordinary qualities) nāyakā leaders battiṃsa-lakkhaṇūpetā = battiṃsa endowed with 32 marks (32 + marks + lakkhaṇa + upetā + endowed with) sītānubyañjanādharā having 80 smaller marks Byāmappabhāya = byāma + pabhāya ..........fathom + halo (with) suppabhā brightly glowing muni + kuñjarā (sage + outstanding elephant) sabbaññuno all knowing, omniscient khīṇāsavā arahants, who have eradicated all defilements = khīṇa + āsavā (exhausted + that which flows (mental defilements) jinā conquerors Mahāpabhā.........................................................of great radiance mahātejā of great power mahāpaññā of great wisdom mahabbalā of great strength mahākāruṇikā of great compassion dhīrā resolute sabbesānaṃ for all sukhāvahā bringing happiness Dīpā .....................................................................shelter, island nāthā protections, Lords patiṭṭhā help, resting place, shelter tāṇā protection leṇā harbor pāṇinaṃ. for living beings gatī sanctuaries/refuges

90 金座上的寶石—解行並重

bandhū kin, relatives mahessāsā (mahā + assāsa) great + comfort saraṇā refuges hitesino well wishers Sadevakassa.................................................... with all the devas lokassa of this world parāyaṇā support sirasā with head pāde at the feet vandāmi I bow purisuttame excellent men, great beings Vacasā ............................................................. in speech manasā in thought ceva = ca + eva and also (and + also) vandāmete = vandāmi + ete I pay respect to these (I bow down to + these) tathāgate Buddhas sayane while reclining āsane while seated ṭhāne while standing gamane while walking sabbadā all the time Sadā.................................................................. always sukhena happily rakkhantu preserve, keep santikarā who shows the way to (promotes) peace tehi by them tvaṃ you rakkhito protected santo peaceful mutto free sabbabhayehi = sabba + bhayehi from all fears (all + from fears) Sabbarogā ....................................................... from all ills vinīmutto completely free sabbasantāpavajjito = sabba + santāpa spared all torment (all + torment + vajjito + avoided/spared by) sabbaveramatikkanto overcome all hatred (all + hatred + overcome) nibbuto extinguished, quenched, to be in final bliss bhava be, become Tesaṃ .............................................................. their saccena truth sīlena virtue khanti patience mettā loving-kindness balena might tepi = te + pi they also (they + also) tvaṃ you anurakkhantu may they protect, may they preserve arogena healthy

巴利唱誦字義/第1天-阿吒曩胝經 91

sukhena happiness Puratthimasmiṃ................................................in the eastern direction disābhāge directions santi there are bhūtā beings Dakkhiṇasmiṃ in the southern direction Pacchimasmiṃ in the western direction nāgā serpents Uttarasmiṃ in the northern direction yakkhā non-human being, demon Dhataraṭṭho king of the east (name) Virūḷhako king of the south (name) Virūpakkho king of the west (name) Kuvero king of the north (name) Cattāro.................................................................four mahārājā great kings lokapālā = loka + pāla guardians of this world (world + protectors) yasassino having fame Ākāsaṭṭhā dwelling in the sky bhummaṭṭhā dwelling on earth Iddhimanto mighty/powerful ones ye those vasantā living idha here sāsane in the teaching/dispensation Sabbītiyo = sabba + īti ....................................all calamities vivajjantu (may) go away soko grief rogo disease vinassatu may get destroyed, perish mā not bhavatvantarāyo = bhavatu + antarāyo harm befall on (be + harm) sukhī happy dīghāyuko long life Abhivādanasīlassa.............................................the habit of respectful salutation niccaṃ always vuḍḍhāpacāyino (vuḍḍhā+ apacāyino) respecting elders (old/aged + those who respect) dhammā qualities vaḍḍhanti increase āyu age, longevity vaṇṇo beauty, complexion sukhaṃ happiness balaṃ strength

92 金座上的寶石—解行並重

Day 2 Ratana Suttaṃ Koṭisatasahassesu = Koṭi + sata ................. extremely high figure (crore + hundred + sahassa + thousand) cakkavāḷesu in the world systems devatā devas Yassāṇaṃ = yassa + āṇaṃ whose command (whose + command) paṭigaṇhanti accept yañca = yaṃ + ca and which (which + and) vesāliyā in Vesāli (a city) pure previously rogāmanussa-dubbhikkhaṃ = roga disease + non-human + famine + amanussa + dubbhikkhaṃ sambhūtaṃ arisen from these tividhaṃ 3 types bhayaṃ fear Khippamantaradhāpesi (Khippaṃ quickly caused to disappear (quickly + antaradhāpesi) + caused to disappear) parittaṃ protective verse taṃ that bhaṇāmahe let us recite Yānīdha = yāni + idha .................................. whatever + here bhūtāni living beings samāgatāni are gathered bhummāni earth bound vā or, whether antalikkhe. celestial (the sky) sabbeva all bhūtā beings sumanā happy bhavantu be athopi = atho + api and (then also) sakkacca respectfully, carefully suṇantu may listen bhāsitaṃ. these words, that which is spoken Tasmā .............................................................. therefore hi indeed nisāmetha listen sabbe all mettaṃ mettā karotha practice mānusiyā toward human pajāya beings divā day ca and ratto night

巴利唱誦字義/第2天-三寶經 93

haranti carry ye who baliṃ offering ne them rakkhatha protect appamattā diligently Yaṃ.....................................................................what, that kiñci something, whatsoever vittaṃ wealth idha here huraṃ beyond saggesu heavens (in the) ratanaṃ gem, jewel paṇītaṃ. excellent, precious na not no no samaṃ equal to atthi is tathāgatena the Buddha idampi = idaṃ + pi this too (this + also) etena by (the power of) this saccena (by this) truth suvatthi well-being hotu be (may there be) Khayaṃ ..............................................................cessation virāgaṃ detachment amataṃ deathless state yadajjhagā = yaṃ + ajjhagā (which + attained) sakyamunī = sakya + munī Sakyan sage (Sakyan + sage) samāhito well concentrated tena this, that dhammena state samatthi = sama + atthi equal to + is dhamme in Dhamma buddhaseṭṭho = Buddha + seṭṭho....................Buddha + supreme, foremost parivaṇṇayī praised by suciṃ purity samādhimānantarikaññamāhu concentration (that accompanies path consciousness) = samādhiṃ + ānantarika described by the Buddhas as giving result immediately + aññaṃ + āhu (concentration + immediately following + other + which is called) samo equal vijjati is puggalā................................................................individual aṭṭha eight sataṃ by the wise pasatthā praised cattāri four

94 金座上的寶石—解行並重

etāni those yugāni pairs honti are Te they dakkhiṇeyyā worthy of offerings sugatassa of Buddha sāvakā disciples etesu to these dinnāni whatever is offered mahapphalāni great fruit saṅghe in the Saṅgha suppayuttā....................................................... who engage themselves manasā mind (with) daḷhena firm nikkāmino those free from craving gotamasāsanamhi in the teaching of the Buddha pattipattā = patti + pattā having attained the goal (to be attained + attained) vigayha experience laddhā thus obtained mudhā without expense, gratis nibbutiṃ peace bhuñjamānā enjoying Yathindakhīlo = yathā + inda + khīlo ........ just as + Indra (highest deva) + pillar paṭhaviṃ in the earth sito planted (fixed) siyā may be catubbhi from four (directions) vātehi winds (by) asampakampiyo cannot be shaken tathūpamaṃ = tathā + upamaṃ likewise + comparison sappurisaṃ pure minded person vadāmi I declare yo who ariyasaccāni noble truths avecca fully passati realizes vibhāvayanti ................................................... clearly understand gambhīrapaññena = gambhīra + paññena deep wisdom (deep + by the one endowed with wisdom) sudesitāni well taught kiñcāpi however much, whatsoever bhusappamattā = bhusa + pamattā much careless bhavaṃ birth aṭṭhamamādiyanti = aṭṭhamaṃ + ādiyanti eighth + take Sahāvassa ....................................................... simultaneously with dassana-sampadāya insight-attainment tayassu three dhammā things, factors, qualities (in this context, the 3 fetters)

巴利唱誦字義/第2天-三寶經 95

jahitā dropped off, abandoned bhavanti become sakkāyadiṭṭhi (1) illusion of self vicikicchitaṃ (2) doubt sīlabbataṃ = sīla + vata (3) rites and rituals (rules, precepts + vow, rites) pi (fr. api) also yadatthi if any Catūhapāyehi = catuhi + apāyehi...................4 spheres of existence below the human realm (from four + from lower worlds) vippamutto completely freed chaccābhiṭhānāni = cha + ca 6 heinous crimes (6 + and + abhiṭhānāni +heinous crimes) abhabbo incapable kātuṃ. doing, to do so .....................................................................he kammaṃ deed karoti he commits pāpakaṃ unwholesome kāyena by body vācā by speech uda or cetasā by thought (mind) paṭicchādāya concealing abhabbatā incapability diṭṭhapadassa of one who has seen the abode (nibbāna) vuttā it is said Vanappagumbe.................................................forest bush, grove yathā as phussitagge blossoms gimhānamāse = gimhāna + māse in the summer month (summer + in the month) paṭhamasmiṃ first (in the) gimhe hot season dhammavaraṃ = dhammaṃ+ varaṃ sublime Dhamma (dhamma + sublime) adesayi expounded nibbānagāmiṃ leading to nibbāna paramaṃ greatest hitāya for the good Varo.....................................................................the sublime one varaññū knower of the sublime varado giver of the sublime varāharo bringer of the sublime anuttaro unsurpassed khīṇaṃ ................................................................destroyed purāṇaṃ old navaṃ new, fresh natthi is not sambhavaṃ is produced

96 金座上的寶石—解行並重

virattacittāyatike = viratta + citta + āyatike bhavasmiṃ. khīṇabījā avirūḷhichandā = avirūḷhi+ chandā

mind detached from future (detached from + mind + future) birth destroyed seed cessation of growth of cravings (no longer arise + cravings) nibbanti cease dhīrā wise ones yathā’yaṃ = yathā + ayaṃ just as this padīpo flame, lamp Tathāgataṃ..................................................... the Buddha devamanussapūjitaṃ = deva +manussa honored by devās and men (devās + men +pūjitaṃ + honored) namassāma we pay respects suvatthi well being Day 3 Karaṇīyamettā Suttaṃ Karaṇīya something that should be done Yassānubhāvato = Yassa + ānubhāvato.... by whose + power, greatness, majesty yakkhā unseen beings, most are hostile but some are helpful neva = na + eva never (not + even) dassenti show bhīsanaṃ. dreadful sights (forms) yañhi that indeed cevānuyuñjanto = ca + eva and + also + practicing + anuyuñjanto rattindivamatandito = rattiṃ + divaṃ night and day, diligently (in the night + atandito + in the day + without drowsiness) sukhaṃ happily supati sleeps sutto slept ca and pāpaṃ evil kiñci anything na not passati. to see evamādi = evaṃ + ādi like this + etc. guṇūpetaṃ endowed with these good qualities parittaṃ protection taṃ that bhaṇāmahe let us chant Karaṇīyam-atthakusalena ........................... someone who knows that his welfare depends = Karaṇīyaṃ + attha + kusalena on this, he is proficient. (something to bedone + welfare/advantage + proficient) yantaṃ = yaṃ + taṃ that which (which + that)

巴利唱誦字義/第3天-慈心應作經 97

santaṃ peaceful padaṃ state abhisamecca. would attain sakko capable ujū honest, straightforward suhujū upright suvaco soft spoken cassa = ca + assa should also be (and + may be) mudu gentle anatimānī humble Santussako..........................................................contented subharo live modestly appakicco having few duties sallahukavutti. simple livelihood santindriyo = santa + indriya controlled in senses (peaceful + faculty/senses) nipako prudent, wise appagabbho retiring, not aggressive kulesvananugiddho = kulesu not greedy for supporters (toward families + ananugiddho + not greedy) khuddaṃ samācare...........................................small, inferior + to do, perform yena by which viññū the wise pare later upavadeyyuṃ. censure sukhino happy vā or khemino secure hontu be sabbe all sattā beings bhavantu be sukhitattā = sukhita + attā happy + themselves Ye .....................................................................who keci whatever pāṇabhūtatthi = pāṇabhūta + atthi living beings + there are tasā movable thāvarā stationary vanavasesā = vā + anavasesā excluding none dīghā long vā so ye those, whoever mahantā great majjhimā middling rassakā short aṇukathūlā = aṇuka +thūla subtle or gross (subtle + gross) Diṭṭhā...................................................................seen adiṭṭhā unseen dūre far

98 金座上的寶石—解行並重

vasanti dwelling avidūre near bhūtā born sambhavesī seeking birth, due to be born sattā beings paro………………………………………. one paraṃ another nikubbetha (may) deceive nātimaññetha = na + atimaññetha not despise (not + may despise) katthaci anywhere na not kañci anyone byārosanā out of anger paṭighasaññā ill will (anger + gesture/perception) nāññamaññassa = na + aññamaññassa (not + of one another) dukkhamiccheyya = dukkhaṃ+ iccheyya wish for suffering (suffering + wish for) Mātā………………………………………mother yathā just as niyaṃ own (one’s) puttaṃ child āyusā with one’s life ekaputtamanurakkhe = eka + puttaṃ + anurakkhe (only + child + would protect) evampi = evaṃ + pi even so (so + also) sabbabhūtesu = sabba + bhūtesu towards all beings (all + toward beings) mānasaṃ mind bhāvaye cultivate aparimāṇaṃ. boundless Mettañca = mettaṃ + ca……………………goodwill, loving-kindness + and sabba lokasmiṃ in the entire universe uddhaṃ above adho below tiriyañca and across asambādhaṃ without obstruction averamasapattaṃ = averaṃ + asapattaṃ without hatred + without enmity Tiṭṭhaṃ……………………………………(while) standing caraṃ walking nisinno sitting sayāno ying yāvatassa as long as vigatamiddho = vigata + middho one who is awake (free from + drowsiness) etaṃ this satiṃ awareness adhiṭṭheyya practice, fix one’s attention brahmam-etaṃ sublime/brahmic + this vihāramidhamāhu = vihāraṃ-idhaṃ-āhu the dwelling + here (in the dispensation of the Buddha) + they have said

巴利唱誦字義/第4天-佛勝吉祥偈 99

Diṭṭhiñca = diṭṭhiṃ + ca ...................................(false) view + and anupaggamma = ana + upaggamma not succumbing (not + falling into) sīlavā established in moral conduct dassanena insight sampanno endowed with kāmesu sensual vineyya having removed gedhaṃ craving hi yes, indeed jātu surely, undoubtedly gabbhaseyyaṃ = gabbha + seyyaṃ womb + lying down punareti come again Day 4 Buddha Jayamaṅgala-aṭṭhagāthā Bāhuṃ.................................................................arm Sahassamabhinimmita = sahassaṃ creating (a form with) one thousand (arms) + abhinimmita (thousand + creating) sāvudhantaṃ bearing weapons girimekhalaṃ name of an elephant uditaghorasasenamāraṃ.= udita + ghora the fierce Māra surrounded by his army + sasena + māraṃ (charged/risen + fierce + with army + māra) Dānādi-dhammavidhinā by means of virtues such as generosity = Dāna + ādi + Dhamma + vidhinā (generosity + such as + qualities + by means of) jitavā conqueror munindo the great sage taṃ that tejasā by the power of bhavatu may be te yours jayamaṅgalāni victory and happiness Mārātirekamabhiyujjhita .................................fought more ardently than Māra = Māra + atirekaṃ + abhiyujjhita (Māra + more than + fought ardently) sabbarattiṃ all night ghorampanālavakaṃakkhamathaddha the intolerant, unyielding demon named Ālavaka ghoram + pana + ālavakam fierce + but + name of a Yakkha + akkhama + thaddha + intolerant + hard yakkhaṃ non-human being, demon khantī patience sudantavidhinā by means of self-control Nāḷāgiriṃ............................................................name of an elephant gajavaraṃ = gaja + varaṃ royal/noble elephant (elephant +stately) atimattabhūtaṃ = ati + matta + bhūtaṃ having become too mad (very + intoxicated + having become)

100 金座上的寶石—解行並重

dāvaggi-cakkamasanīva = dāva + aggi + cakkaṃ + asani + iva sudāruṇantaṃ. mettambusekavidhinā = mettā + ambu + seka + vidhinā Ukkhitta………………………………….. khaggamatihattha = khaggaṃ + atihattha dhāvanti yojanapathaṅgulimālavantaṃ = yojana patha + aṅgulimāla + vantaṃ

like a forest fire, discus or a thunderbolt (forest + fire + discus + thunderbolt + like) implacable by sprinkling the water of mettā (mettā + water + sprinkling + by means of) upraised sword in hand (sword + bringing) pursued Angulimāla pursued him for 3 leagues (ca. 7 miles + range of + Angulimāla + renounced/left behind) iddhībhisaṅkhatamano = iddhībhi with a mind expert in marvels (with magical + saṅkhata + mano powers + expert + mind) Katvāna doing kaṭṭhamudaraṃ = kaṭṭhaṃ + udaraṃ piece of wood + on the belly iva like gabbhinīyā pregnant woman ciñcāya by Ciñcā (name of girl) duṭṭhavacanaṃ = duṭṭha + vacanaṃ wicked speech (wicked + speech) janakāya assembly of people majjhe in the midst of santena by peaceful somavidhinā = somma + vidhinā by pleasing means (pleasing + by a method) Saccaṃ……………………………………truth vihāya discarding matisaccakavādaketuṃ wily Saccaka (intended to raise) the banner of = mati + saccaka + vāda + ketuṃ his false doctrine (hankering after + Saccaka + false doctrine + banner) vādābhiropitamanaṃ with a mind bent upon raising controversies = vāda + abhiropita+ manaṃ (controversy + bent upon raising + mind) ati-andhabhūtaṃ = ati + andhabhūtaṃ being completely blinded (extremely + being blinded) paññāpadīpajalito = paññā + padīpa by the shining lamp of wisdom (wisdom + lamp + jalito + by the shining) Nandopananda……………………………. name of a naga (serpent) bhujagaṃ serpent vividhaṃ of different types mahiddhiṃ = mahā + iddhi great psychic power (great + power) puttena by the son thera senior monk bhujagena by the serpent damāpayanto caused to be tamed iddhūpadesavidhinā by means of psychic powers and advice = iddhi + upadesa + vidhinā (psychic powers + advice + by means of) duggāhadiṭṭhibhujagena…………………… by the snake of deluded views = duggāha + diṭṭhi + bhujagena (held wrongly/deluded +views +by the snake) sudaṭṭha-hatthaṃ = su + daṭṭha + hatthaṃ with hand bitten by (thorough + bitten + hand) brahmaṃ Brahmā

巴利唱誦字義/第6天-緣起 101

visuddhijutimiddhi = visuddhi + jutiṃ + iddhi bakābhidhānaṃ. = baka + abhidhānaṃ. ñāṇāgadena = ñāṇa + agadena

(pure + radiant + powerful) named Baka (baka + named) by the medicine of knowledge (knowledge + medicine)

Day - 6 Paṭiccasamuppāda Paṭicca + samuppādo dependent, resulting from + origination, arising Anulomaṃ in direct order Avijjā + paccayā................................................ignorance + base, foundation, cause saṅkhārā reactions saṅkhārapaccayā base of reactions viññāṇaṃ consciousness nāma-rūpaṃ mind and body saḷāyatanaṃ six sense organs phasso contact vedanā sensations taṇhā craving and aversion upādānaṃ attachment bhavo process of becoming jāti birth jarā-maraṇaṃ ageing and death soka-parideva-dukkha-domanassupāyāsā sorrow-lamentation-physical suffering-mental suffering, grief sambhavanti arise Evametassa = evaṃ + etassa like this (thus + of this) kevalassa entire dukkhakkhandhassa = dukkha + khandha mass of suffering (suffering + mass) samudayo arising Paṭilomaṃ ..........................................................in reverse order Avijjāyatveva = Avijjāya + tveva ignorance + however asesa-virāga-nirodhā = asesa + virāga complete + eradication of craving + nirodhā + cessation Udāna-gāthā Yadā ....................................................................when have surely, indeed pātubhavanti become manifest dhammā truths (4 noble) ātāpino ardently jhāyato meditating brāhmaṇassa one of pure life athassa = atha + assa then his kaṅkhā doubts vapayanti disappear sabbā all

102 金座上的寶石—解行並重

yato because pajānāti he understands (‘pa’ for pañña, insight, wisdom) sahetu with reason khayaṃ destruction paccayānaṃ of conditions for arising avedī he experiences vidhūpayaṃ having scattered tiṭṭhati he stands mārasenaṃ army of Māra sūriyova sun-like obhāsayamantalikkhaṃ shining in the sky Aneka……………………………………. countless jāti birth saṃsāraṃ faring on (cycle of existence) sandhāvissaṃ I have run anibbisaṃ. in vain, not finding Gahakāraṃ builder of this house gavesanto seeking dukkhā suffering punappunaṃ. again and again Gahakāraka………………………………. housebuilder diṭṭhosi you are seen puna again gehaṃ house na not kāhasi will build te your phāsukā beams bhaggā broken gahakūṭaṃ ridge pole (central pillar) visaṅkhitaṃ. shattered visaṅkhāragataṃ = visaṅkhāra + gataṃ free from conditioning + gone to/arrived at cittaṃ mind taṇhānaṃ craving (of) khayamajjhagā = khayaṃ + ajjhagā end/cessation + reached Jayo……………………………………… victory hi yes, indeed buddhassa of Buddha sirīmato glorious ayaṃ this (person) mārassa of Māra ca and pāpimato sinful parājayo defeat ugghosayuṃ these were proclaimed bodhimaṇḍe from the seat of enlightenment pamoditā rejoicing jayaṃ victory

巴利唱誦字義/第7天-七覺支護衛經 103

tadā nāga-gaṇā mahesino supaṇṇa-gaṇā devagaṇā brahma-gaṇā

then, at that time host, multitude of nāgas of great sage (the Buddha) host of garudas (mythical bird) host of devas host of brahmas

Day – 7 Bojjhaṅgaparitta Saṃsāre...............................................................cycle of birth and death (in this world) saṃsarantānaṃ (for those beings) transmigrating sabbadukkhavināsake = sabba + dukkha eradicating all suffering (all + suffering + vināsake + eradicating) satta + dhamme seven + factors ca and bojjhaṅge factors of enlightenment mārasenappamaddane = māra +sena defeating the army of Māra (māra + army + pamaddane + defeating) Bujjhitvā .............................................................realizing ye cime = ye + ca + ime which + and + these sattā beings tibhavā 3 types of existence (kāma, rūpa, arūpa) muttakuttamā = muttaka + uttamā liberated + excellent ones ajātiṃ free from birth ajarābyādhiṃ = ajāra + byādhiṃ free from decay/old age + sickness amataṃ deathless nibbhayaṃ fearlessness gatā gone (experienced the stage) Evamādi = Evaṃ + ādi ....................................like these + etc. guṇūpetaṃ = guṇa + upetaṃ endowed with such advantages (merit + endowed) anekaguṇasaṅgahaṃ. = aneka + guṇa innumerable + merit/benefit + collection + saṅgahaṃ. osadhañca medicine imaṃ this mantaṃ words, incantation bhaṇāmahe let us recite sati + saṅkhāto ...................................................awareness + so called/namely dhammānaṃ-vicayo analytical investigation of Dhamma tathā likewise vīriyaṃ effort pīti joy passaddhi tranquillity pare after, others, the rest Samādhupekkhā = samādhi + upekkhā .......concentration + equanimity sattete = satta + ete these seven (seven + these) sabbadassinā by the all-seeing muninā sage

104 金座上的寶石—解行並重

sammadakkhātā well-taught, preached bhāvitā cultivated bahulīkatā practiced frequently Saṃvattanti lead to, conduce to abhiññāya higher knowledge, supernormal power (to) nibbānāya liberation (to) bodhiyā enlightenment (to) etena by this saccavajjena = sacca + vajja by this true utterance (truth + utterance) sotthi happiness, well-being te your hotu may be sabbadā always Ekasmiṃ…………………………………. at one samaye time nātho the lord, protector moggalānañca = moggalāna + ca Moggallāna and kassapaṃ Kassapa (names of disciples of the Buddha) gilāne sick dukkhite suffering disvā seeing desayī preached taṃ……………………………………….. this, that abhinanditvā rejoicing rogā from sickness mucciṃsu became free taṅkhaṇe at that very moment Ekadā…………………………………….. once dhammarājāpi king of Dhamma also gelaññenābhipīḷito = gelaññena + abhipīḷito afflicted by sickness (by sickness + afflicted) cundattherena the elder Cunda (by) taṃ yeva the same bhaṇāpetvāna having caused to recite sādaraṃ. with reverence Sammoditvāna……………………………. having rejoiced ābādhā from disease tamhā from that vuṭṭhāsi rose up ṭhānaso causally, with reason Pahīnā……………………………………. eliminated tiṇṇannampi for these three mahesinaṃ. of great sages maggāhatā the path destroys kilesā’va defilements pattānupatti = patta + anupatti attained/reached + attainment dhammataṃ. nature, law

巴利唱誦字義/第8天-友益經 105

Day – 8 Mittānisaṃsa Pūrento ................................................................while fulfilling bodhisambhāre necessary conditions for enlightenment nātho the lord Temiya name of the prince jātiyaṃ. in his birth mittānisaṃsaṃ (= mitta + ānisaṃsaṃ) friend(ship) + advantage, reward, merit yaṃ which āha spoke sunanda name of charioteer nāma named sārathiṃ. charioteer sabbalokahitatthāya = Sabba + loka + hita for the benefit of all the world (all + world + benefit + atthāya + for the purpose) parittaṃ protective verse taṃ that bhaṇāmahe let us recite Pahūtabhakkho..................................................a person well-feasted bhavati is vippavuttho out of, absent from sakā one’s own gharā (from) house bahūnaṃ many upajīvanti depend upon him yo whosoever mittānaṃ friends na not dūbhati (var. of dubbhati) betray, deceive Yaṃyaṃ.............................................................whichever (which + that/which) janapadaṃ land, province yāti he goes nigame small town rājadhāniyo or royal city sabbattha everywhere pūjito honored hoti is Nāssa = Na + assa.............................................not + him corā thieves pasahanti overpower nātimaññeti = na + atimaññeti not despised (do not + despise) khattiyo a warrior, prince, ruler sabbe all amitte enemies tarati overcomes, crosses Akuddho.............................................................not angry sagharaṃ = sa + gharaṃ to his house (own + house)

106 金座上的寶石—解行並重

eti comes, returns sabhāya assembly paṭinandito welcome ñātīnaṃ relatives uttamo eminent Sakkatvā.......................................................... being hospitable sakkato receiver of hospitality garu he is esteemed sagāravo esteeming others, respectful vaṇṇakittibhato one who receives praise and fame = Vaṇṇa + kitti + bhato (praise + fame + bearing) Pūjako.............................................................. respecting others labhate receives, gains pūjaṃ respect vandako honoring others paṭivandanaṃ. = paṭi + vandanaṃ. he is honored (in return + [he gets] honor) yaso fame kittiñca fame pappoti attains Aggi ................................................................. fire yathā like pajjalati shines forth devatāva = devatā + va celestial being + like virocati he is radiant, he shines forth siriyā fortune ajahito not abandoned Gāvo ................................................................ cattle tassa his pajāyanti multiply, increase khette in the field vuttaṃ what is sown virūhati grows vuttānaṃ whatever is sown phalamasnāti = phalaṃ + asnāti he enjoys the fruit (fruit + eats, enjoys) Darito ............................................................... from the cleft (cavity) pabbatato from a mountain vā or rukkhato from a tree patito fallen naro man cuto when fallen patiṭṭhaṃ firm footing, help, support labhati finds Virūḷhamūlasantānaṃ = Virūḷha ............... which has its roots spread out far + mūla + santānaṃ (grown + root + succession, spreading, continuity) nigrodhamiva = nigrodhaṃ + iva banyan tree like (banyan tree + like) māluto from wind amittā enemies pasahanti overpower

巴利唱誦字義/第9天-吉祥經 107

Day – 9 Maṅgala Suttaṃ Yaṃ.....................................................................which maṅgalaṃ blessing, auspiciousness, prosperity dvādasahi for twelve (years) cintayiṃsu thought over sadevakā along with the devās sotthānaṃ blessings, prosperity nādhigacchanti = na + adhigacchanti not get at (do not + arrive at) aṭṭhatiṃsañca thirty-eight Desitaṃ...............................................................taught devadevena highest celestial being sabbapāpavināsanaṃ = sabba + pāpa will destroy all evil (all + evil + vināsanaṃ + destruction) sabbaloka-hitatthāya = sabba + loka + hita for the benefit of all the world (all + world + benefit + atthāya + for the purpose) taṃ that bhaṇāmahe let us recite Evaṃ ...................................................................thus me by me sutaṃ has been heard ekaṃ one, certain samayaṃ time, occasion bhagavā the exalted one sāvatthiyaṃ in Sāvatthi (a city) viharati dwelling jetavane in Jetavana (Jeta’s grove) anāthapiṇḍikassa of Anāthapiṇḍika (a lay disciple of the Buddha) ārāme monastery atha then kho indeed aññatarā someone, a certain devatā (fem.) deity (female) abhikkantāya advanced rattiyā night abhikkantavaṇṇā = abhikkanta + vaṇṇā of beautiful complexion (surpassing + beauty) kevalakappaṃ the whole of it jetavanaṃ the Jeta grove obhāsetvā illuminating yena where tenupasaṅkami = tena + upasaṅkami there + went/approached upasaṅkamitvā having gone there bhagavantaṃ the exalted one abhivādetvā saluting ekamantaṃ one side aṭṭhāsi stood

108 金座上的寶石—解行並重

ṭhitā standing sā she gāthāya in verse ajjhabhāsi addressed, spoke out Bahū………………………………………many devā gods manussā men ca also, too maṅgalāni blessings, welfare, good acintayuṃ thought over ākaṅkhamānā wishing for brūhi you tell maṅgalamuttamaṃ = maṅgalaṃ highest welfare (welfare + highest, best) + uttamaṃ Asevanā………………………………….. avoidance, no association with bālānaṃ fools (of) paṇḍitānaṃ wise ones sevanā associate with pūjā honor pūjanīyānaṃ who should be honored Patirūpa + desavāso………………………. suitable, proper + region, country pubbe past katapuññatā = kata + puññatā merit of past good deeds (done + good deeds) atta-sammāpaṇidhi = atta + sammā + paṇidhi self + right + aspiration Bāhusaccañca = Bāhu + saccaṃ + ca great learning (great + truth + and) sippaṃ skill vinayo discipline susikkhito well-mastered subhāsitā = su + bhāsitā well-spoken (well + spoken) yā those vācā words, speech Mātā-pitu………………………………… mother-father upaṭṭhānaṃ serving puttadārassa children and spouse saṅgaho caring, tending anākulā = an + ākulā simple(not + entangled, twisted) kammantā occupation Dānaṃ + ca………………………………. generosity + and dhammacariyā life of dhamma ñātakānaṃ relatives anavajjāni blameless kammāni deeds Āratī……………………………………… abstinence viratī shunning pāpā evil majjapānā consuming liquor and intoxicants saṃyamo refraining appamādo vigilance, carefulness

巴利唱誦字義/第10天-慈心觀 109

dhammesu in Dhamma Gāravo…………………………………….. respectfulness nivāto humility santuṭṭhi contentment kataññutā gratefulness kālena proper time dhammassavanaṃ hearing the Dhamma Khantī……………………………………… for bearance, tolerance sovacassatā amenability to instruction, surrender, obedience samaṇānaṃ saintly people dassanaṃ visiting, beholding dhammasākacchā discussions about Dhamma Tapo……………………………………….. ardent practice brahmacariyaṃ holy life, abstinence ariyasaccāna-dassanaṃ = ariya + saccānaṃ witnessing the noble truths (noble + of truths + dassanaṃ + witnessing) nibbānasacchikiriyā = nibbāna experiencing nibbāna (nibbāna + sacchikiriyā + experience) Phuṭṭhassa………………………………….. facing, confronted with, coming in contact with lokadhammehi = loka + dhammehi dhammas of the world (world + by dhammas/ conditions) cittaṃ mind yassa whose na not kampati trembles, shakes asokaṃ free from sorrow virajaṃ free from defilements khemaṃ secure Etādisāni…………………………………… this way katvāna having acted sabbatthamaparājitā = sabbathaṃ + aparājitā everywhere + undefeated sabbatthasotthiṃ = sabbattha + sotthiṃ everywhere + in safety gacchanti they go Day – 10 Mettā-bhāvanā Ahaṃ I avero free from animosity homi may I be abyāpajjho free from aversion Anīgho = an + īgha undisturbed (not + trembling, disturbed) sukhī happy attānaṃ myself pariharāmi to take care of, protect, shelter Mātā-pitu-ācariya-ñāti-samūhā……………… mother - father - teacher - relatives - multitude (mass, aggregation) hontu may they be

110 金座上的寶石—解行並重

Ārakkhadevatā............................................... guardian deities bhūmaṭṭhadevatā earth-bound deities rukkhaṭṭhadevatā tree-bound deities ākāsaṭṭhadevatā sky-bound deities Puratthimāya .................................................. east disāya direction anudisāya middle-direction Dakkhiṇāya south Pacchimāya west Uttarāya north Uparimāya above heṭṭhimāya below Sabbe ............................................................... all sattā beings pāṇā living bhūtā creatures puggalā individuals attabhāvapariyāpannā having any form of life itthiyo females, women purisā males, men ariyā who have attained purity of mind anariyā who have not attained purity of mind manussā men, humans amanussā non-humans devā gods vinipātikā in states of woe (hell) ca .................................................................... also, too, and khemino secure bhadrāṇi fortune, auspiciousness passantu see mā do not (prohibitive particle) kiñci something pāpamāgamā encounter evil dukkhamāgamā encounter grief Pāli from Adhiṭṭhāna ending chanting [pages 68 - 69] Most of the verses presented here also occur in the Pāli Passages from the Evening Discourses. See pages 78-79. Anicca.............................................................. impermanent vata indeed, truly saṅkhārā compounded (conditioned) things/ phenomena uppādavayadhammino = having the nature of arising and passing away (uppāda + vaya + dhammino) (arising + passing away +the nature of) uppajjitvā having arisen nirujjhanti (they) get eradicated, cease tesaṃ their vūpasamo cessation sukho (is) happiness

巴利唱誦字義/堅決靜坐 111

[For word meanings for Aneka-jāti-saṃsāraṃ . . . see pages 101-102] Sabbe...................................................................all yadā when paññāya with wisdom/insight passati sees, perceives atha then nibbindati gets weary/disgusted dukkhe (toward) suffering esa this (is) maggo path visuddhiyā (of) purification Yato yato ............................................................whenever, wherever (yato) (since, whence) sammasati grasps/understands/knows thoroughly khandhānaṃ of the aggregates udayabbayaṃ rise and fall, arising and passing away labhatī gets, experiences pīti rapture, ecstasy pāmojjaṃ bliss, delight amataṃ deathless stage (acc.) taṃ that vijānataṃ understood Puññānumodanaṃ [pages 68-69] Puññānumodanaṃ = puñña merit + approval, acceptance, giving thanks + anumodanaṃ Sabbesu...............................................................(in) all cakkavāḷesu world systems yakkhā nonhuman beings, demons devā devas ca and brahmuno brahmās Yaṃ whatever amhehi by us kataṃ done puññaṃ merit sabbasampatti = sabba + sampatti all kinds of prosperity (all + prosperity) sādhakaṃ. bringing about Sabbe...................................................................all taṃ that anumoditvā having rejoiced samaggā unitedly sāsane to teaching ratā devoted pamādarahitā = pamāda + rahitā without negligence (negligence + without) hontu may they be ārakkhāsu in giving protection

112 金座上的寶石—解行並重

visesato especially Puññabhāgamidaṃ = Puñña ...................... merit + portion + this + bhāgaṃ + idaṃ c’aññaṃ = ca + aññaṃ and before (and + other) samaṃ equally dadāma give kāritaṃ I have done anumodantu accept with joy medinī the earth ṭhātu stay, remain, stand sakkhike witness Pāli from the Discourses Many passages from the discourses are taken from the suttas in the morning chanting. Sutta references are given in the chapter ‘Pāli Passages Quoted in the Discourses’. Please refer to the appropriate sutta section for the word meanings of these verses. See also page 110, ‘Pāli from Adhiṭṭhāna ending chanting’ for those verses that also occur in the Pāli from the discourses . [page 77] Tumhehi.......................................................... by you kiccaṃ work ātappaṃ exertion akkhātāro expounders, preachers tathāgatā Enlightened Ones Sabba-pāpassa................................................ (of) all unwholesome/unvirtuous actions akaraṇaṃ non-doing, not doing kusalassa (of ) wholesome/virtuous actions upasampadā acquiring/acquisition sa-citta ones’ own mind pariyodapanaṃ purification, cleansing etaṃ this Buddhāna of the Buddhas sāsanaṃ teaching, doctrine, order Niccaṃ kāyagatā-sati = kāyagatā + sati

always awareness related to the body (relating to the body + awareness)

Mano................................................................ mind pubbaṅgamā forerunner, precursor dhammā (all) phenomena mano-seṭṭhā mind is chief mano-mayā mind-made manasā (with) mind ce if paduṭṭhena (with) bad/impure bhāsati speaks

巴利唱誦字義/開示 113

vā or karoti does, acts tato then, thence naṃ him/her dukkhamanveti = dukkhaṃ + anveti suffering follows (suffering + follows) cakkaṃ’va = cakkaṃ + va like a cartwheel (wheel + like) vahato draught animal, carrier padaṃ foot pasannena ...........................................................(with) good/pure sukhamanveti = sukhaṃ + anveti happiness follows (happiness + follows) chāyā’va = chāyā + va like a shadow (shadow + like) anapāyinī = an + apāyinī constantly following (not + going away) [page 78] Jāti .....................................................................birth pi also (emphatic particle) dukkhā suffering jarā decay/old age vyādhi sickness maraṇaṃ death dukkhaṃ suffering appiyehi (with) unpleasant sampayogo association dukkho suffering piyehi (from) pleasant vippayogo dissociation/separation yam’p’icchaṃ = yaṃ + pi +icchaṃ what one wants/desires (that + also + desired thing) na not labhati to get, gets tam’pi = taṃ + pi is also (that + also) saṅkhittena in short, concisely pañc’upādānakkhandhā attachment to the five aggregates = pañca + upādāna + khandhā (five + clinging/ attachment + aggregates) [page 79] Sabbadānaṃ.......................................................all gifts dhammadānaṃ the gift of dhamma jināti overpowers, excels sabbarasaṃ all flavors dhammaraso the flavor/taste of dhamma sabbaratiṃ all delights dhammarati delight in dhamma taṇhakkhayo destruction of craving sabbadukkhaṃ all suffering

114 金座上的寶石—解行並重

[page 81] Pakārena.......................................................... (by) different ways jānāti knows (i)ti quotation marker paññā wisdom [page 82] Atta-dīpā = atta + dīpa .................................. island of oneself (oneself + island) viharatha dwell atta-saraṇā refuge in oneself anaññasaraṇā = an + añña + saraṇā no other refuge (no + other + refuge) dhamma-dīpā island of Dhamma dhamma-saraṇā refuge of Dhamma

BIBLIOGRAPHY Goenka, S. N. Come People of the World. Igatpuri, India: Vipassana Research Institute,1999. Goenka, S. N. Dhamma Verses. Seattle: Vipassana Research Publications, 2000. Goenka, S. N.; Hart, William, ed. Discourse Summaries. Igatpuri, India: Vipassana Research Institute, 1987. Goenka, S. N. and others. Vipassana Journal. Hyderabad, India: Vipassana Vishodhana Vinyas, 1985. Hart, William. The Art of Living. Igatpuri, India: Vipassana Research Institute, 1991. K. Sri Dhammananda. Ven. Daily Buddhist Devotions. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Buddhist Missionary Society, 1993. Ledi Sayadaw, Ven. Manuals of Dhamma. Igatpuri, India: Vipassana Research Institute, 1999. Lokuliyana, Lionel. The Great Book of Protections: Sinhala Mahā Pirit Pota. Colombo, Sri Lanka, Mrs. H. M. Gunasekara Trust Fund. Nārada Thera, Bhikkhu Kassapa. Mirror of the Dhamma (Wheel Publication no. 54). Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1984. Nyanatiloka Thera. The Buddha’s Path to Deliverance. Seattle: BPS Pariyatti Editions, 2002. Nyanatiloka Thera. Buddhist Dictionary. Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1980. Piyadassi Thera. The Book of Protection. Kuala Lumpur: Buddhist Missionary Society, 1980. Saddhatissa, Ven. H. The Sutta Nipāta. Richmond, Surrey, UK: Curzon Press, 1994. Soni, Dr. R.L. Life’s Highest Blessings (Wheel Publication no. 254/256). Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1987. Story, Francis and Vajirā, Sister, trans. The Last Days of the Buddha. Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1998. U Ba Khin, Sayagyi; Goenka, S. N. and others. Sayagyi U Ba Khin Journal. Igatpuri, India: Vipassana Research Institute, 1999. U Sīlānandabhivaṃsa, Sayadaw. Paritta Pāli and Protective Verses. Yangon, Myanmar: International Theravāda Buddhist Missionary University, 2001. 115

金座上的寶石-解行並重 THE GEM SET IN GOLD 原 書 名:THE GEM SET IN GOLD Copyright©2006 by Vipassana Research Institute 著

者:葛印卡老師(S.N. Goenka)



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