klasi V kiTxvis done – 5.1 teqstis tipi – sainformacio-SemecnebiTi

saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqti (G-PriEd)  madlobas uxdis lela qistaurs, rezo gogias, nugzar arCe­maSvils da eliso rexviaSvils, romlebmac paata papavas xelmZRvanelobiT mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitanes am wignebis momzadebaSi. gansakuTrebuli madloba qalbaton medea kakaCias (USAID) ga­ we­uli daxmarebisTvis.

am masalis momzadeba SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis keTili nebiTa da aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos mxardaWeriT. masalebis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia SemdgenelTa jgufi da igi ar warmoadgens aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosa da aSS mTavrobis azrs. Ees masala momzadda aSS saerTaSoriso ganvi­ Tarebis saagentos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis farglebSi, romelic xorcieldeba saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrosTan erTad.

Se­sa­va­li sax­lebs ada­mi­a­ne­bi uZ­ve­le­si dro­i­dan ageb­d­nen. ad­re Zi­ri­Ta­dad er­T­g­va­ro­van, tra­di­ci­ul na­ge­bo­beb­ Si cxov­rob­d­nen, sax­lis for­mas sa­ku­Ta­ri sur­vi­liT ar ir­Cev­d­nen. dRes sax­lebs Ta­vi­si ge­mov­ne­biT aSe­ne­ ben da awyo­ben, Tum­ca mSe­neb­lo­bis dros auci­leb­lad iT­va­lis­wi­neben ga­re­mo pi­ro­be­ bsac. pir­vel rig­Si saWiroa im ad­gi­lis Se­s­wav­la, sa­dac sax­lis Se­ne­bas api­reb: mi­si re­li­e­fi, tem­pe­ra­tu­ra, kli­ma­tis Ta­vi­se­ bu­re­be­bi... yve­la sam­Se­neb­lo ma­ sa­lis ar­Ce­vas Ta­vi­si mi­ze­zi aqvs. is mxo­lod pat­ro­nis ge­ mov­ne­ba­sa Tu axi­re­ba­ze ar aris da­mo­ki­de­bu­li. msof­li­os sxva­das­x­va kuTxe­Si mcxov­re­bi ada­mi­a­ne­ bi Za­li­an gan­s­x­vav­de­bi­an er­T­ma­ne­Tis­gan ga­reg­no­biT, ka­nis fe­riT, Cac­mu­lo­biT, cxov­re­bis we­siT da a. S. sxva­das­x­vagva­ria ga­re­mo, ro­mel­Sic maT uwevT cxov­ re­ba. ase­ve gansxvavebulia sax­le­bi, rom­leb­sac isi­ni aSe­ne­ben. Za­li­an xSi­rad adamianis sacxov­re­bel­Si aisa­ xe­ba qvey­nis kul­tu­ra, tra­di­ci­e­bi, misi patronis cxov­re­bis we­si da sxv. ris Se­no­bas aRar na­xav: yi­nu­ lis, xis, qvis, be­to­nis, rki­nis, Te­qis, ta­la­xis... ar vi­ci, Sen ro­mel­Si isur­veb­di cxov­re­bas, mag­ram am­bo­ ben, rom yve­la­na­ir saxls Ta­vi­ si gan­sa­kuT­re­bu­li xib­li aqvs. yvelas aqvs ufleba, hqon­des sac­xovrebeli. Ti­To­e­uls ase­­ve sa­ku­Ta­ri sa­xe­ Zalian cudia, roca zog­ li hqvia. jer es ufleba irRveva.

iglu

es eskimosi iglus mSeneb­ lobas male daasrulebs da ig­lu ka­na­de­li es­ki­mo­se­ mopirkeTebaRa darCeba.

bis zam­T­ris `sax­li­a~, ro­me­ lic, arc me­ti, arc nak­le­bi, Tov­lis­gan da yi­nu­lis­gan keT­de­ba. ig­lu mom­r­g­va­le­ bu­li for­mis er­To­Ta­xi­a­ni sacxov­re­be­lia. is ori na­wi­ lis­gan Sed­ge­ba: aqvs de­re­ fa­ni da mTa­va­ri oTa­xi. de­re­fa­ni Sin myof es­ki­mo­sebs qa­ris­gan icavs. ig­lus asa­Se­neb­lad sa­Wi­roa kar­gad ga­mag­re­bu­li Tov­li, ro­mel­sac blo­ke­bad Wri­an. es­ ki­mo­se­bi mSe­neb­lo­bis dros Tov­lis blo­keb­Tan er­ Tad zog­jer yi­nul­sac iye­ne­ben. ig­lu­Si ase uf­ro me­ ti si­naT­le Se­dis. Wer­Si to­ve­ben pa­ta­ra xvrels ga­sa­ni­a­veb­lad da ga­ na­Te­bis­T­vis. da­saT­bu­neb­lad cxo­ve­lis tya­vebs xma­ roben. ma­Sin, ro­ca ga­reT tem­pe­ra­tu­ra –40, –45 gra­ du­sia, ig­lu­Si Se­iZ­le­ba siT­bo +25 gra­dus­sac ki aR­ wev­des. es­ki­mo­se­bi sa­ku­Tar sacxov­re­bels ko­co­niT ar aT­bo­ben, rad­gan Se­Sa ar aqvT. Tum­ca, sa­di­lis mo­ sam­za­deb­lad cecxls ma­inc an­Te­ben sa­gan­ge­bo qu­reb­ ze an lam­peb­ze. saw­va­vad ki Zi­ri­Ta­dad cxo­ve­lis qons iye­ne­ben. ase gamoiyure­ ba dasrule­ buli iglu.

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es­ki­mo­se­bi – xal­ xi, ro­me­lic bi­ nad­robs cim­bir­Si, Crdi­lo­eT ka­na­da­ Si, ali­as­ka­ze. ma­Ti sacxov­re­be­li ad­ gi­le­bi ci­vi kli­ma­ tiT ga­mo­ir­Ce­va.

Sve­i­ca­ri­u­li Sale Sa­le Sve­i­ca­ri­u­li xis sax­lia. is erT an or­sar­ Tu­li­a­nia da wve­ti­a­ni sa­ xu­ra­vi aqvs. mas Sve­i­ca­ri­is sof­leb­Si ageb­d­nen. am qve­ ya­na­Si ma­Ra­li mTe­bia da zam­T­ro­biT di­di Tov­li mo­dis, ami­tom auci­le­be­ verafers ityvi, mSve­ lia, sax­lis sa­xu­ra­vi Za­li­ nieri saxlia! an da­qa­ne­bu­li iyos, ra­Ta zed Tov­li Zne­lad ga­Cer­des. Sa­les sxven­Sic oTa­xe­bi aqvs. mas xSi­rad xis aiva­nic am­S­ve­nebs. ad­re Sa­le Cve­u­leb­ri­vi sacxov­re­be­li sax­li iyo, sa­dac mud­mi­vad cxov­rob­d­nen. dRes ki mas met­wi­lad pa­ta­ra sa­a­ga­ra­ko sax­lad iye­ne­ben. Sa­les zog­jer mwver­va­lis da­sapy­ro­bad mi­ma­va­li al­pi­nis­te­bi afa­re­ben Tavs. saq­me is aris, rom xe, ro­ gorc sam­Se­neb­lo ma­sa­la, kar­gad aka­vebs siT­bos, ami­ tom mkac­r­zam­T­ri­an ad­gi­leb­Si xis sax­le­bi Za­li­an mo­ sa­xer­xe­be­lia. am al­pi­nis­teb­ma Ra­me aq, am Sa­le­Si ga­a­Ti­es, ax­la mwver­val­ze asas­v­­le­lad em­za­de­bi­an.

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iur­Ti azi­is tra­ma­leb­Si mcxov­re­bi ada­mi­a­ne­bi mom­Ta­ba­ re­o­bas ewe­vi­an. isi­ni me­sa­qon­le­o­bas mis­de­ven, ami­tom uke­Te­si sa­Zov­re­bis Zi­e­bis ga­mo mud­mi­vad erT ad­gi­ las ar cxov­ro­ben. xSi­rad mog­za­u­ro­ben da sacxov­re­ be­lic Tan mi­aqvT. me­sa­qon­le­e­bi age­ben iseT `sax­lebs~, rome­lTa er­Ti ad­gi­li­dan me­o­re­ze ga­da­ta­na Za­li­an ad­vi­lia. iur­Ti ma­Ti sax­lia, Tum­ca si­nam­d­vi­le­Si is asawyo­bi ka­ra­via. iur­Ti xis­gan da xa­li­Ce­bis­gan keT­de­ba. mas wri­u­li for­ma aqvs, sa­xu­ra­vi ki Se­iZ­le­ba gum­ba­Ti­viT mom­r­g­va­ le­bu­li an wak­ve­Ti­li ko­nu­sis for­mis ga­u­ke­Ton. iur­ Tis asa­Se­neb­lad jer xis ba­des am­za­de­ben. mas sax­lis for­mas aZ­le­ven, Sem­deg xa­li­Ce­biT fa­ra­ven. wvi­ma rom ar Ca­vi­des, qe­Cis (nabdis) sa­xu­ravs uke­Te­ben. iur­Ts ram­de­ni­me oTa­xi aqvs. oTa­xe­bi er­T­ma­ne­Tis­ gan xa­li­Ce­bi­Taa ga­mo­yo­fi­li. xa­li­Cebs iur­Tis pat­ ro­ni me­sa­qon­le­e­bi Tvi­Ton am­za­de­ben Txis bal­nis­gan. ro­ca ci­va, ga­saT­bo­bad ka­rav­Si ko­cons an­Te­ben. kvam­ li sa­xu­rav­Si da­ta­ne­bu­li xvre­li­dan ga­dis, Tum­ca ko­co­nis uyu­radRe­bod da­to­ve­ba ar Se­­iZ­le­ba!

axla xaliCebs gadaafa­ reben da iurTic mzadaa!

tra­ma­li – vrce­li balaxovani veli.

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Ci­nu­ri sam­pa­ni ga­go­ni­li geq­ne­ba, rom Ci­ne­Ti mWid­rod aris da­sax­le­bu­li. am qve­ya­na­Si Tur­me mra­v al­­S­v i­l i­a­n o­b a k a­n o n­d a r­R­v e­v a d iTv­­le­ba. ara, ada­­mia­ ­ne­bis mo­Zu­le­e­bi ki ar ari­an, ub­ra­lod, esec mcuravi saxlebi! rogorc sacxov­re­be­li siv­r­ Cans, axla mgzavrobis droa. ce aRar hyof­n iT. maT­­T­vis prob­le­mis ga­daW­ris erT-er­Ti gza Se­iZ­le­ba mcu­ra­vi sax­le­bic iyos! es aris di­di na­vi, sam­pa­ni. er­Ti Se­xed­viT is Cve­u­ leb­ri­vi er­T­sar­Tu­li­a­ni sax­lia. sam­pa­ni aSe­ne­bu­lia xis­gan an Tu­nu­qis­gan. aqvs sa­xu­ra­vi, ked­le­bi, ka­ri, fan­j­re­bi, ram­de­ni­me oTa­xi. sam­pan­ze xSi­rad mce­na­re­ ebs axa­re­ben da Si­na­u­ri cxo­ve­le­bic hyavT! oRond Cve­u­leb­ri­vi sax­lis­gan gan­s­x­va­ve­biT, is wyal­ze da­cu­ravs. Za­li­an sa­in­te­re­so iq­ne­ba sam­pa­ne­ bis so­fel­Si cxov­re­ba. ra jo­bia, yo­vel­dRe axa­li me­zo­be­li rom gyavs an sax­li­a­nad rom mi­cur­de­bi me­ go­bar­Tan!

Tu­nu­qi – rki­nis fir­fi­ta.

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in­di­e­le­bis kar­ve­bi al­baT bev­ri ram gsme­nia in­di­e­leb­ze – ame­ri­kis wi­ Tel­ka­ni­an abo­ri­gen mo­sax­le­o­ba­ze. ev­ro­pe­li ko­lo­ ni­za­to­re­bis mis­v­lam­de isi­ni mra­val­ricxo­van to­me­bad cxov­rob­d­nen. maT sa­ku­Ta­ri dam­wer­lo­ba da ka­len­da­ri hqon­daT, sa­dac mo­mav­lis am­be­bic ki iyo na­wi­nas­war­ mety­ve­le­vi. in­di­e­le­bi sa­u­ke­Te­so mSvil­dos­ne­bi, me­ Tev­ze­e­bi da mi­waT­moq­me­de­bi iy­v­nen. maT kar­gad exer­xe­ bo­daT qa­man­dis tyor­c­nac. ko­lo­ni­za­to­reb­ma in­di­e­ le­bis zo­gi to­mi sa­er­Tod ga­a­nad­gu­res, zo­gi ki, Za­li­ an Sem­ci­re­bu­li, ga­a­Ze­ves sa­ku­Ta­ri te­ri­to­ri­e­bi­dan. isi­ni Zi­ri­Ta­dad mom­Ta­ba­re cxov­re­bas mis­dev­d­nen da ami­tom kar­veb­Si cxov­rob­d­nen. ka­ravs cxo­ve­lis tya­ve­bis, xis an ba­la­xis­gan ageb­d­nen da ko­nu­sis for­ mas aZ­lev­d­nen. ka­ravs ked­le­bi da sa­xu­ra­vi na­xa­te­biT hqon­da Sem­ku­li. Crdi­lo­eT ame­ri­ka­Si mcxov­re­bi in­di­e­le­bi sa­ku­Tar saxls vig­vams uwodeben, rac maT ena­ze `saxls~, `sac­ xov­re­bels~ niS­navs. ase­Ti sax­le­bi ko­lonizatorebs imdenad xSirad xvdebodaT, rom am xalxs vig­va­mis to­me­bi Se­ar­q­ves.

abo­ri­ge­ni – ro­me­li­­me qvey­nis Tavdapir­veli mo­sax­le­o­ba.

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af­ri­ku­li sax­le­bi af­ri­ka­Si abo­ri­ge­ne­bis na­wi­li Te­me­bad cxov­robs. ase­Tia buS­me­ne­bis to­mic. Tem­Si 25-30 ada­mi­a­nia. buS­ me­ne­bi na­di­ro­ben da sak­veb mce­na­re­ebs ag­ro­ve­ben. mo­ na­di­re­e­bi ka­ce­bi ari­an, isi­ni cxo­ve­lebs mo­wam­lu­li is­re­biT xo­ca­ven. sa­Ra­mo­o­biT ki yve­la­ni qox­Tan dan­ Te­bul ko­cons Se­mo­us­x­de­bi­an da mo­xu­ce­bis mo­yo­lil am­bebs us­me­nen. buS­me­ne­bi sa­ku­Tar sacxov­reb­lebs swra­fad aSe­ne­ ben. isi­ni jer er­Tad amag­re­ben xis to­tebs da ba­laxs, Sem­deg ki ta­la­xiT fa­ra­ven. aseT saxls kver­cxis for­ ma aqvs. zog­jer ta­la­xiT Se­les­vis Sem­deg qoxs ze­mo­ dan isev ba­la­xis fe­nas ade­ben. ro­ca sof­lis ax­lomax­lo sak­ve­bi ga­mo­i­le­va, buS­ me­ne­bi to­ve­ben Ta­vi­anT so­fels. ka­ce­bi Sek­ra­ven mci­ re bargs, qa­le­bi ki aiki­de­ben zur­g­ze pa­ta­ra bav­S­vebs da mi­di­an axa­li sacxov­re­be­li ad­gi­lis mo­sa­Zeb­nad.

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meg­ru­li oda da­sav­leT sa­qar­T­ve­lo­Si ha­va nes­ti­a­nia da xSi­rad wvims. ami­tom iq bo­Zeb­ze Sem­d­ga­ri sax­le­bi, ode­bi iyo gav­r­ce­le­bu­li. aseT sax­lebs xSi­rad xiT aSe­neb­d­nen. Se­no­bas iata­ki rom ar dal­po­bo­da, bo­Zeb­ze dgam­d­nen. odas sa­xu­ra­vi xis an kra­mi­tis hqon­da da aiva­ni am­S­ve­ neb­da. dRes ase­Ti sax­le­bis nax­va Tbi­li­sis eT­nog­ra­ fi­ul mu­ze­um­Si Se­giZ­lia. es ode­bi da­sav­leT sa­qar­T­ve­lo­dan uc­v­le­lad gad­ mo­i­ta­nes. amis­T­vis sax­lis daS­lam­de mi­si na­wi­le­bi ­da­nom­res, Sem­deg da­Sa­les da Tbi­lis­Si ise wa­mo­i­Res. me­­re aq nom­re­bis mi­xed­viT uzar­ma­za­ri sa­Ta­ma­So kon­s­­t­ruq­to­ri­viT Ta­vi­dan aawy­ves.

odas win di­di da mov­li­li ezo aqvs.

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gvir­g­vi­ni­a­ni sax­li aR­mo­sav­leT sa­qar­T­ve­los bar­­Si ad­re dar­ba­zis ti­pis sax­le­bi iyo gav­r­ce­le­bu­li. aseT sax­lebs qvi­sa da ali­zis­gan aSe­neb­d­nen. oTa­xis Su­a­gul­Si iyo ke­ria – ad­gi­li, sa­ dac cecxls an­Teb­d­nen. sa­Ra­mo­o­ biT mTe­li oja­xi ke­ri­as­Tan ik­ri­ be­bo­da. sax­lis We­ri ey­r­d­no­bo­da de­da­boZs. es iyo xis mo­Cu­qur­T­me­ bu­li msxvi­li bo­Zi. qar­T­l­Si saxls dedaboZi gvir­g­vi­nis msgavs sa­xu­ravs uke­ Teb­d­nen. aqe­dan mo­dis mi­si sa­xel­wo­de­bac – gvir­g­vi­ ni­a­ni sax­li. gvir­g­vi­ni­a­ni sax­lis nax­vac Tbi­li­sis eT­nog­ra­fi­ul mu­ze­um­Si Se­giZ­lia.

si­naT­le sax­lis sa­xu­rav­Si da­ta­ ne­bu­li xvre­li­dan Ca­mo­di­o­da.

alizi – gamouwvavi aguri. zogjer bzenarevi.

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ci­xe-koS­ke­bi sa­qar­T­ve­los mTa­Si ma­Ral sax­lebs, koS­kebs, aSe­ neb­d­nen. ase­Ti sax­le­bi mTi­an ad­gi­leb­Si Za­li­an mo­sa­ xer­xe­be­li iyo. is uZ­leb­da zvavs, mtris Se­mo­te­vas da yo­vel­dRi­ur sacxov­reb­la­dac ga­mod­ge­bo­da. sva­neT­ Si koS­keb­Si ar cxov­rob­d­nen. is mxo­lod si­mag­ris funq­­ci­as as­ru­leb­da, yo­vel­dRi­u­ri sacxov­re­be­li sax­li ki koSks gver­diT hqon­da mid­g­mu­li. ar­qi­teq­ to­re­bi xSi­rad Crdi­lo­ kav­ka­si­i­dan Ca­moh­yav­daT. sam­ Se­neb­lo ma­sa­lad qvas iye­neb­d­nen. aR­mo­sav­leT sa­qar­T­ve­los mTa­Si koS­kebs udu­Ra­ bod, Se­ma­kav­Si­re­be­li niv­Ti­e­re­bis ga­re­Se ageb­d­nen. kar­gad gaT­lil qvebs er­T­ma­neT­ze mWid­rod awyob­d­nen da ga­da­xu­rav­d­nen. dRe­sac dgas am me­To­diT aSe­ne­bu­li koS­ke­bi, rom­leb­mac aTas wels ga­uZ­lo! da­sav­leT sa­ qar­T­ve­los mTi­an ad­gi­leb­Si ki qviT­ki­riT na­ge­bi koS­ ke­bi iyo gav­r­ce­le­bu­li. Sa­ti­lis koS­ke­bi XI sa­u­ku­ne­Si aaSe­na qis­t­ma ar­qi­teq­tor­ma.

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svanuri koSkebi

aseT na­ge­bo­bebs sa­qar­T­ve­los sxva­das­x­va kuTxe­Si sxva­das­x­vag­va­ri sa­xu­ra­vi hqon­da. sva­neT­Si or­fer­da ga­da­xur­va iyo gav­r­ce­le­bu­li, Tu­SeT­Si – sa­fe­xu­ro­ va­ni, pi­ra­mi­di­se­bu­ri for­mis, xo­lo Sa­ti­lis koS­ke­bi brtye­li sa­xu­ra­viT bo­lov­de­bo­da. koSks oTxi an xu­Ti sar­Tu­li hqon­da. sar­Tu­li­dan sar­Tul­ze iatak­Si da­ta­ne­bul asaZ­rom­Tan mid­g­mu­li ga­da­sa­ta­ ni xis ki­biT adi­od­nen. sul ze­da sar­Tul­ze koSks fan­j­re­bis nac­v­lad sa­To­fu­rebs (du­ro­ebs) uke­­Tebd­ ­nen mtris­T­­vis mSvild-is­ris an lo­de­bis sas­ro­lad. ase­Ti sax­le­bi sacxov­reb­lad nak­le­bad kom­for­tu­ lia, mag­ram ad­re usafrTxoeba da daculoba kom­ fortze ufro mniSvnelovani iyo. 11

Ta­na­med­ro­ve asawyo­bi sax­le­bi Zvel dros mTi­an ad­gi­ leb­Si sax­lis aSe­ne­ba bevr sir­Tu­les­Tan iyo da­kav­ Si­re­bu­li. mTa­ze sam­Se­ neb­lo ma­sa­la ar iSo­ve­bo­ da. is xSi­rad So­ri man­Zi­ li­dan da Rrma xe­o­be­bi­dan moh­qon­daT. Za­li­an bev­ri ada­mi­a­ni iyo sa­Wi­ro er­Ti koS­kis asa­ge­bad. dRes Se­ne­ ba bev­rad uf­ro ad­vi­lia. ax­la xom asawyo­bi sax­le­bi ga­mo­i­go­nes! daS­li da sxva ad­gi­las ga­da­i­tan, me­re Ta­vi­dan aawyob. Tu jer ki­dev ar ga­da­giwy­ve­tia, sad gin­da, sax­li aaSe­no, ase­Ti sax­le­bi swo­red Sen­T­vi­saa! vid­re sa­bo­ lo­od Se­ar­Cev sacxov­re­bel ad­gils, Se­giZ­lia, mSvi­ dad Se­i­na­xo Se­ni asawyo­bi sax­li sa­Tav­so­Si. did ad­ gils ma­inc ar da­i­ka­vebs. me­re ki wa­i­Reb, sa­dac gin­da da ram­de­ni­me sa­aT­Si sax­li mzad geq­ne­ba! ase­Ti asawyo­ bi sax­le­bi ga­mod­ge­ba yve­la­na­ir kli­mat­Si, yve­la­na­ir ad­gi­las. ro­gorc am­bo­ben, ada­mi­a­nis fan­ta­zia amo­u­wu­ra­via. es mis sacxov­reb­leb­sac etyo­ba. dRes sxva­das­x­va qve­ ya­na­Si an Tun­dac in­ter­netsiv­r­ce­Si mog­za­u­ro­bi­sas Za­li­an bevr uc­na­ur­ze uc­na­ur na­ge­bo­bas wa­awy­de­bi, rom­le­bic mi­si mflo­be­lis uC­ve­u­lo ge­mov­ne­ba­ze me­ tyvelebs. me­re uk­ve Senc Se­giZ­lia, sax­li Se­ni sur­vi­ liT aiSe­no. sa­in­te­re­soa, ro­go­ri ga­mo­gi­va.

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