Data Loading...
Important Information for Plumbers Flipbook PDF
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16 1 This section of the Plumbers Technical Manual has bee
148 Views
122 Downloads
FLIP PDF 1.14MB
Important Information for Plumbers This section of the Plumbers Technical Manual has been expanded over previous issues to include more technical and installation information to assist the industry when specifying and installing Caroma Products. Caroma sanitaryware products have been designed to conform to the appropriate Australian product standards and to recognise the National Plumbing Code AS/NZS 3500.2.2 requirements in regard to service connections and performance. Installers should be aware that the requirements of the National Plumbing Code are minimum standards and are based upon the premise that all aspects of the installation are correct and without fault. Should there be any elements which are not within the restraints of the Code conditions, such as trueness of bore, incorrect jointing or increased restrictions of ventilation to the system, then this may lead to the system failing and/or providing inefficient performance. Where any doubt regarding the installation is anticipated, an increase over Code requirements would be prudent action. Caroma Smartflush 4.5/3 Litre Dual Flush Technology Detailed in the relevant product sections is a comprehensive range of matched cisterns and pans with Caroma Smartflush 4.5/3 litre Dual Flush technology. Featuring compact cistern designs, and suitable for domestic and commercial applications, Caroma has designed the water efficient suites for Australian conditions to meet market, performance and authority requirements.
The more stars the more water efficient
WATER RATING A joint government and industry program Licence No. 0001
4.5 3 ®
litres per full flush litres per half flush
3.5 litres per average flush When tested in accordance with Standard AS/NZS 6400
For more information and to compare products, refer to:
www.waterrating.gov.au
Where authorized, 4.5/3 litre Dual Flush toilet suites are suitable for septic installations with the use of external overflow cisterns. Product Variations Caroma Industries Ltd reserves the right to alter, vary, change and to delete product designs and performance without notice. Dimensions All dimensions are in millimetres and are subject to normal manufacturing variations.
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
1
1. Installation Through our experience in the field we have found that many problems are installation related. Therefore the importance of the installing plumber to be aware of any special installation requirements for a product prior to the commencement of the job cannot be overstated. Detailed product installation instructions are provided with the National Plumbing Code AS/NZS 3500.2.2 and local authority requirements which may vary from the code. Also reference must always be made to current issues of either the Caroma Technical Manual together with Authority Plumbing Codes. If further information is required contact your local Caroma representative. For your general reference we have provided in the following pages product installation information that should be of assistance to the industry to create more awareness of our product installation requirements together with general plumbing requirements. Setout Dimensions The setout dimension details the position of the plumbing pipe work inlet, outlet connections and fixing positions. These dimensions are the most important requirements that the customer and plumber must be aware of after the product selection has been made. Caroma products have varying setout requirements depending on the product type. Important 22mm approx. projection from wall
Opal II Setout Dimensions
1/2"
B.S.P. Nipple
Standard Uniconnector Setout Range 80mm – 185mm
185
Finished wall
Pan foot level
Uniconnector Pan outlet Fixed connection position for all setouts
220
140 recommended range 80mm –185mm
260
• S-Trap Close-Coupled Suites/Pans Atrego Wall Faced Suite 80 – 180mm recommended setout 140mm. 180mm – 230mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only. Cato Wall Faced Suite
80 – 180mm recommended setout 140mm. 181mm – 220mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
Cube Wall Faced Suite
80 – 185mm recommended setout 140mm. 186mm – 220mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Geo Wall Faced Suite
80mm – 170mm recommended setout 140mm. 170mm – 240mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
2
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Leda Wall Faced Suite
0mm – 180mm 8 recommended setout 140mm. 180mm – 230mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Metro Wall Faced Suite
80 – 180mm recommended setout 140mm. 181mm – 220mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Milan Wall Faced Suite
80mm – 185mm recommended setout 140mm. 186mm – 220mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Neo Wall Faced Suite
80 – 180mm recommended setout 140mm. 181mm – 220mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Opal II and Opal II Easy Height Wall Faced Suites
80mm – 185mm recommended setout 140mm. 186mm – 220mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Opal Suite Wall Faced Suite
0mm – 185mm 8 recommended setout 140mm. 186mm – 220mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Pearl Wall Faced Suite
80mm – 185mm recommended setout 140mm. 186mm – 220mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Senate Wall Faced Suite 80mm – 180mm recommended setout 140mm. 181mm – 240mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Stirling Wall Faced Suite 80mm – 180mm recommended setout 140mm. 181mm – 240mm with optional offset connector with bedding mix only.
*
Atrego Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 80mm – 180mm with optional offset connector.
†
Cameo Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 90mm – 190mm with orbital offset connector.
Caravelle 2000 Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 80mm – 180mm with optional offset connector.
Caravelle Easy Height Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 90mm – 190mm with orbital offset connector.
Regal II Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 100mm – 180mm with optional offset connector.
†
†
Profile 4 Suite
140mm setout fixed.
§
Profile 4 Deluxe Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 100mm – 180mm with optional offset connector.
†
rofile 5 with Integrated 140mm setout fixed. P Hand Basin Suite For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
§ 3
rofile 5 Deluxe P with Integrated Hand Basin Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 100mm – 180mm with optional offset connector.
†
Regal II and Regal Deluxe Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 100mm – 180mm with optional offset connector..
†
Senate Suite
140mm setout fixed.
§
Stirling Suite
recommended setout 140mm adjustable range 100mm – 180mm with optional offset connector.
†
* Important: Do not use offset connectors with the supplied Uniconnector when installing these suites. The use of offset connectors may cause the pan to siphon during the flush cycle. † Important: Use only Caroma performance approved offset connector Code No.687270. § Important: These suites are not suitable for offset connectors with an offset greater than 15mm. Even if the offset connector may have Water mark approval it may cause the pan to syphon during the flush cycle, due to a reduction in through-way dimension of the connector. § This note also applies to all suites with Concorde Concealed, Concorde Connector, Cosmo Care, Exposed (Retro), Junior, Trident, Trident Care and Vintage pans. AS 2887 specifies the waterway of the pan connector shall allow the passage of a sphere of diameter 72+0, –1mm. • S-Trap Pedestal Pans The recommended setout for pedestal pans is 165mm with an adjustable range dependant on the type of cistern used. • P-Trap Close-Coupled and Pedestal Pan Setout The P-trap setout for all close-coupled and pedestal pans is 185mm from the pan foot level. • Wall Hung Pans Setout Dimension The setout dimension for a wall hung pan is taken from the finished floor. The bolt hole and inlet positions are critical to the installation. Wall hung pans are suitable for installation with non compressible wall materials only. Setout Dimensions for Cube Pan
180
32
43
Bolt hole centres
213
408
Inlet Wall contact area for pan must be true and flat
Outlet Finished floor
200
Bolt Hole Centres
155 Nominal
40
Setout Dimensions for Walvit Pan
210
365
Inlet
Outlet
Wall contact area for pan must be true and flat
Finished Floor
4
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
43
180 Bolt Hole Centres
408
32
Setout Dimensions for Metro Pan
Inlet Wall contact area for pan must be true and flat
236
Outlet
Finished floor
• Pedestal and Shrouded Basins Detailed information is provided on the appropriate basin pages in this manual which will assist in the setting out of bracket fixing positions for noggins and pipe work to clear pedestals/shrouds. Caravelle 550 Pedestal Setout 550
Pedestal Setout Caroma S-trap only
510 205
435
50
Pedestal
Finished floor
195
Recommended 865
835 approx. D.200 Fixing Centre
220
30
D.200 basin fixing kit hole centre positions
300*
*40mm Caroma Plastic P-trap outlet centre. 280
165 195
70
Finished Wall 40mm DWV 38 PVC or copper pipe Basin waste outlet Centre of Basin
Caravelle 550 Shroud Setout
Inlet position to allow for shroud
80
Finished floor
Shroud inlet detail 300mm Flexible coupling Yorkshire 1/2" x 1/2" Number 10
195
280
290mm from front edge of shroud
220
30 200 shroud width
Recommended 865
475
D.200 basin fixing kit hole centre positions
380 Hot & Cold water inlet centre 280
280
835 approx. D.200 Fixing Centre
*40mm Caroma Plastic P-trap outlet centre.
40
To ensure that the pedestal/shroud will conceal the pipe work without interference it is essential that the accurate setout and use of recommended Caroma traps are used for optimum installations. Note: The waste pipe floor position is offset from the waste outlet centre in the pedestal setout.
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
5
• Bidette It is essential that a Bidette is setout as specified to allow access for plumbing connections and ease of use. The Caroma 40mm short inlet S and P-trap kit (Code No.102119) has been specially developed for use with standard bidettes to ensure the correct floor clearances are maintained for trouble free installation. For Leda bidette use S-trap (Code No.687165) or P-trap (Code No.687164). Important: All dimensions are to the bidette foot level. It is important to make height allowance for bedding. Leda Bidette Setout 800mm minimum recommended for comfortable use
Pop up waste control knob
155
225
70
610
357
P-Trap Setout
S-Trap Setout
Concealed Fixing Bracket
Concealed Fixing Bracket
115
137
100
225 225
P-trap Bidette Fixing Kit
S-trap Bidette Fixing Kit
Code No.687164
Code No.687165
71
Royale Bidette Setout 800 mm minimum recommended for comfortable use
140 min. setout
210
140 70
690mm min. setout
40mm short inlet S or P-trap supplied 365
40
Royale Bidette Setout Details
225
6
Waste pipe position can be mirrored
Finished Floor
S-trap
170
Centre line of bidette
50
P-trap
200
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Pan Foot Level The reference point taken from the level from the under-side of the foot to the relevant height dimension. This height dimension is constant and unaffected by bedding Pan Foot thickness which may vary Level from our recommendations. Roughing in The roughing in is the preliminary stage carried out by the plumber involving the positioning of waste pipe work and water inlet connections before the wall/floor finishes are added. At this stage the plumber must be aware of essential setout requirements and make allowances for wall and floor finishes to determine finished setout dimensions. Liaison must be made with the finishing trade to ensure that essential setout dimensions are achieved. Failure by the plumber to liaise and instruct the finishing trade of the setout requirements and the allowance that has been made for the type of floor/wall finish is the major reason why setout problems occur. At this stage for stud walls, noggins should be positioned into the frame for the support of cistern and basin fixings. Pan/Bidette Fixing There are two installation methods to fix a pan/bidette to the finished floor either by bedding or screw/bracket fixing. • Bedding Mix All height dimensions to underside of the foot, make allowance for mortar bedding. The pan should be fixed to the floor with a sand cement mixture of 3:1 to a depth of 60mm. NOTE: Do not use lime or fast drying cement as this may crack the foot of the pan. When bedded the back of the pan should be approximately 10mm above the finished floor. Height of P-Trap
Bedding installation Level pan when bedding
Pan height
Cato Pan
Finished floor level
Fixing Hole Cover Detail for Bedding Installations (Cato, Cube, Geo, Leda, Metro, Neo, Opal II, Opal II Easy Height and Pearl only)
Blanking Cap
10mm bedded position
Pan Foot
• Screw/bracket Fixing Installation The pan can be fixed directly to the finished floor with either corrosion resistant screws and pan guard washers or the D.80 Concealed bracket where applicable. The pan should be fixed into a bed of silicone sealant. D.80 Concealed Fixing Bracket
Bracket Fixing Detail Plastic Sleeve D.80 Concealed Fixing Bracket
Cap Fixing Head Pan Foot
Threaded Stud
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Silicone Bedding
7
Screw Fixing Installation
Finished Wall Height of P-trap
Position and push pan onto connector Level pan when bedding Bedding height position max. 5mm silicone around foot.
185
Important: Do not use the pan screw holes as a guide for drilling as this may crack the pan.
Finished floor
Wall-Hung Pan Fixing The Caroma wall-hung pans have been developed to be fixed to the finished wall using the Invisi II or Sanifix Bracketing Systems. The systems allow for varying wall finishes providing installation flexibility for both structural and non structural walls. The bracket is positioned during the roughing in stage. It is very important that accurate setouts are achieved so that the final installation is according to specification. The installation of wall-hung pans is critical and must be carried out following the installation procedures on the pan carton. This will ensure the function and safety of the installation. When installing wall-hung pans ensure the contact area on the wall for fitting the pan is flat and true. Check with a straight edge before installation. The pan must be secured to the wall with Caroma brackets and fixings. A torque wrench must be used to ensure the bolts are tightened to the required figures in the installation instructions. • Cube Wall-Hung Pan Installation Detail Cube Wall-Hung Pan Fixing Detail with Invisi II Inwall Cistern Integrated isolating valve supplied
90 min.
55 min. to underside of noggin
400-420 Frame 45
6 min. – 45 max. wall thickness Access plate and buttons
582
Invisi II cistern
D.403 Invisi II Wall Hung Pan Bracket. Suitable for structural slab or stud wall installation (not supplied). Accurate positioning of the waste pipe relative to studwork is essential. Cube Wall Hung pan illustrated
8
25
Finished floor
40
213
408 ref
365 centre of inlet
947
550
For 100mm UPVC DWV connection use Caroma Invisi II wall hung waste connector 170 max. from finished wall with Invisi II WH pan connector Note: access to cistern internals can be achieved through button plate.
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
• Cube Wall-Hung Pan Installation Detail Cube Fixing Detail
Inlet Kee Seal Inlet pipe
Rubber Gasket
Stud
Sleeve Fixing Bush
10 Notch Facing Outwards
Pan
Setout Dimensions for Cube Pan
180
32
43
Bolt hole centres
213
408
Inlet Wall contact area for pan must be true and flat
Outlet Finished floor
Cube Inlet Detail
29
Length of inlet pipe from finished wall
Inlet Pipe
Inlet Kee Seal
Finished Wall
Cube Installation Detail Finished wall Caulk with acetic silicone sealant
38mm Length of Stud from Finished Wall
Stud secured behind the wall with approved Caroma bracket
Fixing Bush Standard Pan Collar
Fixing assembly
Ø100mm Waste Pipe
40mm Rubber Gasket
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
9
• Walvit Wall-Hung Pan Installation Detail
55 min. to underside of noggin
Walvit Wall-Hung Pan Fixing Detail with Invisi II Inwall Cistern
400 – 420 Frame
90 min
Invisi II access plate and buttons 210
55
Integrated 45 isolating valve supplied
6 min. – 45 max. wall thickness
582
Invisi II cistern 570
210
405 ref.
365 centre of inlet
947
29
For 100mm UPVC DWV connection use Caroma Invisi II wall hung waste connector 170 max. from finished wall with Invisi II wall hung pan connector
Walvit Fixing Detail
Stud
Rubber Sleeve
Rubber Gasket
Stainless Steel Washer
Inlet Pipe Inlet Kee Seal Plastic Cup Washer
Fixing Nut
Pan
200
Bolt Hole Centres
155 Nominal
40
Setout Dimensions for Walvit Pan
210
365
Inlet
Outlet
Wall contact area for pan must be true and flat
Finished Floor
10
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Walvit Inlet Detail
25
Length of inlet pipe from finished wall
Inlet Pipe
Inlet Kee Seal
Finished Wall
Walvit Installation Detail Finished wall
60Max. 55Min.
Length of Stud from Finished Wall
Caulk with suitable silicone rubber compound Stud secured behind the wall with suitable Caroma bracket
Standard Pan Collar
Fixing assembly
Ø100mm DWV Gasket
Cistern Fixing Caroma Cisterns are fixed into position with two methods depending on the model. • Wall Fixing (Wallmount or Connector type) Fixing holes are provided in the back of the cistern which allows the cistern to be fixed directly to the wall or onto the quick fix bracket. For stud and non-structural walls noggins, studs or other suitable means of support must be provided during the roughing in stage. • Direct Pan Fixing (Close Coupled) The Artego, Cato, Cube, Geo, Leda, Metro, Milan, Neo, Opal II, Opal, Pearl, Senate, Stirling, Cameo, Caravelle 2000, Caravelle Easy Height, Profile 4, Profile 4 Deluxe, Profile 5, Profile 5 Deluxe Regal II, Regal Deluxe and Sovereign toilet suites are fixed directly to the pan. Artego, Cameo, Caravelle 2000, Milan, Neo, Regal II, Regal Deluxe, Profile 4, Profile 4 Deluxe, Profile 5, Profile 5 Deluxe and Senate Cistern Fixing Cistern
Wing nut
Foam seal
Cato, Care 800, Cube, Geo, Leda, Metro, Opal II, Opal II Easy Height Opal, Pearl and Stirling Cistern Fixing
Cistern
Cistern bolt rubber seal
V.C blind wing nut
Foam seal
Pan
Pan Cistern Retaining stud
Captured nut toggle
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
11
Urinal Fixing The Cube3, Cube H2Zero, Leda, Integra and Torres urinals have been designed to be mounted to appropriate bracketing fixed to the finished wall. For stud and non structural walls noggins, studs or other suitable means of support must be provided during the roughing in stage to fix the urinal brackets. • Cube3 Urinal Fixing Detail
26
Inlet Centre
337
Nominal 20mm sparge brass pipe (not supplied)
58
260
458
665 80
371 P-trap outlet centre
*
615 approx. D.167 Concealed Fixing Bracket
Vitreous china grate
Finished Floor
* 610 recommended standard height 400 recommended disabled height
35 50mm PVC DWV or Copper DWV 2° Slope 2 Kee Seals supplied to suit PVC or Copper DWV outlet connection
Roughing in for Bracket and Trap Positions
D.167 Concealed Fixing Bracket (wall fixings not supplied)
Centre of Urinal 20 Fixing Stud
12
92 52 371 P-trap outlet centre
615 approx. D.167 Concealed Fixing Bracket
80
40
Plastic Sleeve Plastic Cap
Plastic Waste Trap
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
333
• Cube H 2 Zero Urinal Fixing Detail
135 260
600
D.167 Concealed Fixing Bracket Waste Connector
50mm PVC DWV
* 610 recommended standard height 400 recommended disabled height
395 outlet centre with 5˚ slope to wall
600 approx. D.167 Concealed Fixing Bracket
80
Finished Floor 35
18
Drain outlet Waste Connector Assembly (Wall fixing screws not supplied)
5˚ slope
50mm PVC DWV
D.167 Concealed Fixing Bracket (wall fixings not supplied)
Roughing in for Bracket and Waterless Cartridge Installation Fixing Stud 80
600 approx. D.167 Concealed Fixing Bracket
Waterless Cartridge
Plastic Sleeve Plastic Cap
Vandal Resistant Metal Grate Replaceable Bio Fresh Block Waterless Cartridge
Replaceable Bio SealTM Waste Body
Specially designed tool for Bio SealTM and Bio Fresh replacement
Code 687299
Description H2Zero Cartridge Tool
687332 687334
H2Zero Cleaning Liquid (5L) H2Zero Replacement Service Kit (10 x BioFresh and 10 x BioSeal) H2Zero Cartridge Tool and Replacement Cap Kit
687335 687341
H2Zero BioFresh (pack of 20)
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
13
• Leda Urinal Fixing Detail
19mm sparge Brass pipe (not supplied)
315
18
65
355
438
P-trap roughing in for waste pipe
882
35
80
recommended height * 650 400 recommended disabled height
oultet centre 379 Standard 129 Disabled
*
597 D.170 Concealed fixing Bracket centre
540
Vitreous China Grate
50 or 40mm Brass pipe work or 40mm PVC DWV. Kee seal available for 50mm brass option
65
Roughing in for Bracket and Trap positions
IMPORTANT 10mm Centre offset of Urinal 86
80
537
86
118
379 Centre of outlet to the floor
817
597 D.170 Concealed Fixing Bracket centre
10
118
D.170 Concealed Fixing Bracket
Plastic Siphonic P-trap
(wall fixings not supplied) Fixing Head
Fixing Stud
Plastic Sleeve Wall Waste Pipe installation – supplied with P-trap Urinal Suitable for connection to 50mm Brass waste pipe (separate Kee Seal required) and 40mm Brass or 40mm PVC SWV
14
Plastic Cap
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
• Integra Urinal Fixing Detail
610 recommended standard height 400 recommended disabled height
385
Two Rubber Seal options are provided Waste pipe Ø50 O.D. Brass or Ø50 I.D. – P.V.C.
5° Slope
265
33
Back inlet
465
Vitreous china grate 648
365 Bracket Fixing
183
Bracket fixing
* * Recommended height from floor to
D775 Concealed fixing bracket
bracket fixing centre: Standard – 445mm Disabled – 235mm.
Outlet centre
90
150 495 Standard 285 Disabled
365 175
D.775 Concealed Fixing Bracket
Sparge Pipe Inlet Seal
1/2/15x14 T.P.I. pipe thread
Urinal inlet pipe
Sliding wedge
D.775 Concealed Fixing Bracket
Inlet Pipe Detail Adjustment screw Brass Tie Hook
Wedge adjustment and Tie Hook Detail
Brass wingnut and washer
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
15
• Torres Urinal Fixing Detail Two Rubber Seal options are provided Waste pipe Ø50 O.D. Brass or Ø50 I.D. – P.V.C. Trap outlet 5° slope
390
425
Alternative top inlet use D.300 top inlet tie 25
30
90
Adjustable spreader
485 Outlet centre 145
720
Domed outlet grating
*
*
610mm recommended standard height. 400mm recommended disabled person.
535 Standard 325 Disabled
500
Back inlet use D.301 sparge pipe bracket
Finished floor
• Top and Back Inlet Setouts and Fittings Top Inlet Setout Dimensions
25 75 Fig.1
590
M8 x 2
D.232 Support Bracket x 2
610mm recommended standard height. 400mm recommended disabled person. Rubber Kee Seal provides water tight seal for Ø50mm O.D. Pipe
45
85
75
250
5˚ Slope on Soil Outlet 30
Soil Outlet Pipe
M12x4 CL
*
*
Fig.1: D.300 Top Inlet Sparge Pipe Urinal Assembly Cover to be secured to wall with loxins Sparge Pipe
Flush Pipe Nut Sparge Pipe Nut
Flush Pipe Seal
Cover Lock Nut
25
Sleeve Fibre Washer Sleeve Lock Nut
Spacer Wedge Sparge Pipe
Lock Nut Water Spreader Socket Set-Screw
16
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Torres Urinal Back Inlet Setout Dimensions 120
Fig.1
Inlet Pipe
M8x2
D.232 Support Bracket x 2
45
610mm recommended standard height. 400mm recommended disabled person.
5˚ Slope on Soil Outlet
30
M12x4
*
*
Rubber Kee Seal provides water tight seal for Ø50mm O.D. Pipe
485
85
75
250
Soil Outlet Pipe
CL
Fig.1: D.301 Back Inlet Sparge Pipe Assembly Sparge Pipe Sleeve Lock Nut
D301 Bracket Water Spreader Socket Set-Screw
Fix D.301 bracket to wall with Loxins
15 / 20
• Urinal Brackets and Fittings Locks into wall D.232 Bracket Wall
D.232 Support Bracket
Spigot Screw Urinal Lock Nut Adjustment
Tighten screw to secure
Grate Fixing
Adjuster Chrome Cover
Adjustable Water Spreader
Set-screw
To adjust, remove set-screw and chrome cover. Turn adjuster left or right to control water sparging action. Replace chrome cover and set screw. NOTE: Use thread-sealing tape where required. Torres Urinal top and back water supply inlet
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
17
Wall Basin Fixing All plumbing work for the water and waste pipe connections for the basin is positioned during the roughing in stage. For timber stud and non-structural wall noggins or other suitable means of support must be built for the basin bracket at the recommended height. Basin Taphole Size Configurations Ø34.0 + 2.0 0.0
Ø34.0 + 2.0 0.0
Ø28.0 + 2.0 0.0
Three Tapholes
One Taphole
• Pedestal Wall Basin Fixing For the fixing of basin brackets to timber stud walls the noggins must be positioned at the specified height to allow for the location of fasteners at the detailed bracket fixing positions. The bracket centre fixing positions are detailed as the following typical drawings show on the specific wall basin product. Check setout with pedestal and basin to determine bracket wall mounting position. Caravelle 550 Basin Fixing 280
835 approx. D.200 Fixing Centre
D.200 basin fixing kit hole centre positions
D.200 Basin Fixing Kit
D.200 Basin Fixing Kit: Bolts directly to finished wall.
18
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
• Shroud Wall Basin Fixing D.210 Concealed Fixing Clip: suitable with D.200 bracket and 40mm Caroma plastic P-trap. Note: it is essential for the installation of the shroud to the basin that clearance is provided for the shroud in the plumbing setout from water inlet pipes and connections. Caravelle 550 Basin and Shroud Fixing
30
280
80
*40mm Caroma Plastic P-trap outlet centre. 290mm for Shroud installations with Chrome covered waste
200 shroud width Finished floor
195
280
290mm from front edge of shroud
Recommended 865
Inlet position to allow for shroud
835 approx. D.200 Fixing Centre
220
475 380 Hot & Cold water inlet centre 300*
D.200 basin fixing kit hole centre positions
Shroud inlet detail 300mm Flexible coupling
Yorkshire 1/2" x 1/2" Number 10
40
D.210 Concealed Fixing Clip Assembly included with Shroud
Concealed Fixing Bracket: Bolts to wall and secures Geo/Liano shroud in position. Use 40mm Caroma plastic P-trap. Note: it is essential for the installation of the shroud to the basin that clearance is provided for the shroud in the plumbing setout from water inlet pipes and connections. Geo 500 Basin and Shroud Fixing D.200 basin fixing kit hole centre positions 385 320 Hot & cold water inlet centre 220
230
* For Shroud installations with Chrome covered waste Finished Floor
Recommended 865
D.200 Fixing centres 815 approx. with Shroud
80
717 approx. Concealed Fixing Bracket centre
Inlet position to allow for shroud
160
*
320
M & F 1/2" brass elbow with shroud only Flexible coupling
Fixing Stud
Concealed Fixing Bracket included with Shroud Plastic Sleeve Plastic Cap
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
19
Vanity Basin Fixing Vanity basin rims must be sealed to the counter top with an acetic cured silicone sealant. Epoxy type glues must not be used as this may lead to cracking of the basin in granite and marble vanity tops. Basins supplied with a template which must be used for the counter top cut-out. • Over Counter Basins. Caravelle 600 Vanity Basin Fixing Counter top
IMPORTANT: Use only an acetic cured silicone sealant. Epoxy type glues must not be used. Counter top
170
Vanity Basin
• Under Counter Basins.
Caravelle 600 Under Counter Vanity Basin Fixing Marble Top Fixing
IMPORTANT Use only an acetic cured silicone sealant. Epoxy type glues must not be used. Marble Top Vanity Basin Ensure fixing brackets are clear of bowl
12 Fix timber blocks to top with 2 part epoxy
215
Counter top
Cabinet Fixing
2 x Gauge 10 pan head screws (20mm)
Aluminium clip bracket for marble and granite counter tops
IMPORTANT Use only an acetic cured silicone sealant. Epoxy type glues must not be used. Countertop Vanity Basin
Alloy Bracket for wooden counter tops
Four Aluminium Clip Brackets (supplied with basin) for fixing basin to marble or granite counter tops. Four Alloy Brackets (not supplied) are for fixing basin to wooden counter tops. The rim of the basins must be sealed to the underside of the counter top with an acetic cured silicone sealant. Epoxy type glues must not be used. Basin supplied with a template which must be used for the counter top cut-out. 20
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
• Semi Recessed Basins. Laser Semi Recessed Vanity Basin 205
163mm min. apron
470
30
75
300mm or 330mm when using D.251 Heavy Duty Bracket, variable when using D.250 Tie Brackets. Note: Local authorities have requirements for minimum basin to wall dimensions.
570
220
250
30
170
143
170
Basin
A
Apron
Caravelle 600
160
180
Caravelle 550
158
178
Carboni II
90
170
Concorde 500
155
175
Cosmo
150
175
Geo
120
168
Laser
143
163
Leda Vasque
110
130
Liano
105
125
Milan
150
170
Opal Sole
67
135
Pearl
102
150
A
20mm max. apron thickness
Cut-out templates are supplied with each basin and must be used. The rim of the basin must be sealed to the top and front section with an acetic cured silicone sealant. D.250 Bracket with Tie Hooks
D.251 Galvanised Metal Frame and Waste Tie Tie hook assembly M4 suitable screws into soffit of counter (not supplied) Waste tie assembly M8 fasteners into wall
Tie Hook Brass Wingnut and Washer
D.250 Bracket with Tie Hooks: Two brackets are fixed to the underside of the counter top to secure the tie hooks which anchor the back of the basin to the counter top. D.251 Galvanised Metal Frame and Waste Tie: Recommended for wall hung counter top and heavy duty commercial applications, incorporates tie hooks and waste tie assembly.
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
21
Pressed Steel Bath Fixing • Stirling/Shark and Mayfair Shower Bath Built in bath installations 1. Protect the bath from accidental damage in handling and installation. Check the porcelain enamel surface carefully on removal of packaging materials prior to and again after installation. 2. Accurate setout for the bath waste is essential. Set out the pipe work for the bath and check the alignment with the waste before installation. 3. Build in the bath support structure as detailed below for timber, steel or masonry installations and grade bath sub-floor to local Authorities requirements. 4. The bath must be supported continuously and evenly under the entire rim and the bath rim support must positively locate the bath, plumbing connections must not be used to restrain the bath against movement. (See detail below). 5. Metal Pipe work Installation: To avoid damage to the porcelain enamel surface forces must not be applied to the bath by excessively rigid pipe work or misaligned pipe work. Do not support the bath with the pipe work. Metal waste pipe work must incorporate a suitable flexible coupling equivalent to that shown in detail below which will accommodate a slight misalignment. For trap installations above the floor level ensure that the bottom of the trap or pipe work has a minimum 10mm clearance from the floor level below the bath. (See detail below). 6. Plastic waste pipe work Installation: To avoid damage to the porcelain enamel surface forces must not be applied to the bath by excessively rigid pipe work or misaligned pipe work. Do not support the bath with the pipe work. Plastic waste pipe work must be unrestrained for a length of 300mm from the waste outlet fitting or a flexible coupling used. (See detail below). For trap installations above the floor level ensure the bottom of the pipe work has a 10mm clearance from the floor. (See detail below). 7. Before enclosing and tiling the bath, ensure that all the connections and pipe work are watertight. Ensure that the bath drains fully prior to completion of installation. The air space beneath the bath should be ventilated to the requirements of local Authorities. 8. Apply an approved flexible sealant to all exposed edges. 9. Enclose and tile in bath. Cleaning and Maintenance. Use only neat detergent or non-abrasive cream cleanser as recommended by the manufacturer for porcelain enamel. Apply on a soft cloth and hand rinse clean. If the bath has an optional “Sure Step” surface, clean it with a stiff polyester or nylon brush as well as with liquid cleaning detergents. After cleaning the bath or adjacent tiles, or using bath salts, always rinse the bath clean with water to remove any chemical residues. Do not use an abrasive cleaner to remove surface grime. Note: Caroma products, treated with care, will ensure many years of satisfactory service. Avoid contact with sharp objects and do not drop heavy or hard objects onto the surface. Always fill the bath before the addition of acidic / or alkaline bath salts. Stud
Built-in Bath Installation Timber Frame
Timber frame
22
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Installation Detail for Built-in Baths
300mm
Allow 10mm minimum clearance
IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR INSTALLATIONS: 1. Clearance must be maintained under the bath to allow free flexing of the entire bottom of the bath or shower. 2. Do not use offset connectors. 3. Ensure no misalignment of waste fitting that may cause twisting of the bath waste. (ie there are no vertical forces acting on the waste pipe connecting to the bath). 4. Compliance with AS.3740 Waterproofing of wet areas within residential buildings applies when installing baths.
80
Tiles Optional overflow position
Suitable moisture barrier
Timber or Steel Stud Wall Installation Nogging to support tiling substrate.
Approved wet area sheeting Wall tiles
Notch stud 25mm max. Where notching of studwork is not permitted the bath is to be supported as per detail for masonry walls.
Flexible sealant 5mm gap Bath
Stud Batten to support rim in all built-in sections of bath surround.
Batten securely bolted to Stud
Timber or Steel Frame Support Installation
Masonry Wall Installation Wall tiles Masonry walls
Top plate
Flexible sealant Wall tiles Bath
Batten securely bolted to wall
Bath
Approved wet area sheeting
Bottom Stud Timber to comply with AS1684
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
23
Flexible Coupling Assembly Detail A Bath
Compatible sealant Flexible thrust washer Back nut
10mm clearance
Approved brass or plastic waste outlet fitting Authorised brass or plastic expansion coupling
Flexible coupling assembly eg. Iplex Code 06340. Harbic Brass Codes 01052 (Brass), 01053 (Chrome), 01054 (Gold). Note: Wrap with suitable material to protect coupling and pipework if exposed to debri or immersion in concrete.
Copper or plastic waste outlet pipework
Assembly Detail B 300 unrestrained Bath Flexible thrust washer
Compatible sealant Approved brass or plastic waste outlet fitting
to common trap
10mm clearance
Assembly Detail C Bath Flexible thrust washer
Compatible sealant Approved brass or plastic waste outlet fitting 10mm clearance
24
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
• Starlett /Marina Bath Island Bath Installation 1. Protect the bath from accidental damage in handling and installation. Check the porcelain enamel surface carefully on removal of packaging materials prior to and again after installation. 2. Accurate setout for the bath waste is essential. Set out the pipe work for the bath and check the alignment with the waste before installation. 3. Build the bath support structure as detailed below for timber, steel or masonry installations and grade bath sub-floor to local Authorities requirements. 4. The bath must be supported continuously and evenly under the entire rim and the bath rim support must positively locate the bath, plumbing connections must not be used to restrain the bath against movement. (See detail below.) 5. Metal Pipe Work Installation: To avoid damage to the porcelain enamel surface forces must not be applied to the bath by excessively rigid pipe work or misaligned pipe work. Do not support the bath with the pipe work. Metal waste pipe work must incorporate a suitable flexible coupling equivalent to that shown in detail below which will accommodate a slight misalignment. For trap installations above the floor level ensure that the bottom of the trap or pipe work has a minimum 10mm clearance from the floor level below the bath. (See detail below.) 6. Plastic Pipe Work Installation: To avoid damage to the porcelain enamel surface forces must not be applied to the bath by excessively rigid pipe work or misalign pipe work. Do not support the bath with the pipe work. Plastic waste pipe work must be unrestrained for a length of 300mm from the waste outlet fitting or a flexible coupling used. (See detail below). For trap installations above the floor level ensure that the bottom of the trap or pipe work has a minimum 10mm clearance from the floor level below the bath. (See detail below.) 7. Before enclosing and tiling the bath, ensure that all the connections and pipe work are watertight. Ensure that the bath drains fully prior to completion of installation. The air space beneath the bath should be ventilated to the requirements of local Authorities. 8. Apply an approved flexible sealant to all exposed edges. 9. Enclose and tile in bath. Cleaning and Maintenance. Use only neat detergent or non-abrasive cream cleanser as recommended by the manufacturer for porcelain enamel. Apply on a soft cloth and hand rinse clean. If the bath has an optional “Sure Step” surface, clean it with a stiff polyester or nylon brush as well as with liquid cleaning detergents. After cleaning the bath or adjacent tiles, or using bath salts, always rinse the bath clean with water to remove any chemical residues. Do not use an abrasive cleaner to remove surface grime. Note: Caroma products, treated with care, will ensure many years of satisfactory service. Avoid contact with sharp objects and do not drop heavy or hard objects onto the surface. Always fill the bath before the addition of acidic / or alkaline bath salts. Island Frame
Island Bath Installation Timber Frame
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
25
Starlett Floor Installation
423
80
Optional overflow position
Allow 10mm minimum clearance 300mm
385mm
32
Marina Hob Installation
Tiles
Allow 10mm minimum clearance 300mm
IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR INSTALLATIONS: 1. Clearance must be maintained under the bath to allow free flexing of the entire bottom of the bath or shower. 2. Do not use offset connectors. 3. Ensure no misalignment of waste fitting that may cause twisting of the bath waste. (ie there are no vertical forces acting on the waste pipe connecting to the bath). 4. Compliance with AS.3740 Waterproofing of wet areas within residential buildings applies when installing baths. Marina Hob Installation Optional overflow position
Tiles
80
Starlett Hob Installation
Tiles
Suitable moisture barrier
Suitable moisture barrier
Granite and Marble Installations (not for spa bath installations) Tiling Granite or marble
Flexible sealant Bath
Wall
For Granite or Marble Installations The granite or stone should be independently supported, and at no time should the granite come in contact with the bath.
Timber or steel frame to support bath rim all round Island Installation for floor mounted bath
Island Installation for hob mounted bath
Tiling 75mm min.
Tiling 75mm min. Bath
Wall
Flexible sealant
Tiling substrate Timber frame to support bath rim and tiles all round
26
Wall
Flexible sealant
Bath
Tiling substrate Timber or steel frame to support bath rim all round
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Flexible Coupling Assembly Detail A Bath
Compatible sealant Flexible thrust washer Back nut
10mm clearance
Approved brass or plastic waste outlet fitting Authorised brass or plastic expansion coupling
Flexible coupling assembly eg. Iplex Code 06340. Harbic Brass Codes 01052 (Brass), 01053 (Chrome), 01054 (Gold). Note: Wrap with suitable material to protect coupling and pipework if exposed to debri or immersion in concrete.
Copper or plastic waste outlet pipework
Assembly Detail B Starlett 300 unrestrained Compatible sealant
Bath
Flexible thrust washer
Approved brass or plastic waste outlet fitting to common trap
10mm clearance
Assembly Detail B Marina 300 unrestrained Bath Flexible thrust washer
Compatible sealant Approved brass or plastic waste outlet fitting
to common trap
10mm clearance
Assembly Detail C Starlett Compatible sealant
Bath Flexible thrust washer
Approved brass or plastic waste outlet fitting 10mm clearance
Assembly Detail C Marina Bath Flexible thrust washer
Compatible sealant Approved brass or plastic waste outlet fitting 10mm clearance
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
27
Acrylic Bath Fixing 1 Grade bath sub floor to local Authorities requirements. 2 Built-in Installations: Recess 50x25 support battens the full length of bath in wall (see detail). Island Installations: Baths are suitable for island installations (see detail). 3 Remove protective film from tiling bead and waste before installation, and remove the remaining film on completion. 4 Bath Support: The design and rigidity of the Caroma baths allows for installation without a mortar bed. The base of the baths can simply be supported with three timber supports as detailed. 5 Ensure under bath area is ventilated to the requirements of local authorities. 6 Leave “Cleaning and Maintenance Instructions” label in a position for the householder to read. Note: All materials to appropriate Australian Standards. Acrylic Bath Support Details Black line indicators of wooden support
Floor On the indicator lines, position and fix timber supports to base of the bath and floor with an approved floor and wall paneling adhesive or equivalent adhesive to provide a neat fit support . Ensure the rim of the bath is levelled during this procedure. Shape bricks to clear arm rest
50x25 Timber batten Grade subfloor 1:60 min. or to local authority requirement
Standard 40mm waste outlet
Tiles
Ø12 copper run off tube Unfinished floor
Suitable moisture barrier
Mortar Bed Detail Shape bricks to clear side of bath if required
25 min. thick bed
Support frame
Standard 40mm waste outlet
Tiles Mortar Bath support bed mix 3:1 Ø12 copper run off tube Grade subfloor min.1:60 Unfinished floor
Suitable moisture barrier
IMPORTANT: For slab floors allow access to connect waste outlet from side of bath after bedding
Built-in Installation
50
Compressed cement fibre sheet backing Tiling Sealant
Compressed cement Tiling fibre sheet backing 75mm min.
Timber Support Alternative
Sealant
10
19
Island Installation
50x25 batten
Stud
Stud
50x38 framing Tiles Wall board
* IMPORTANT: Refer to Local Authority for minimum setout from wall 28
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
2 Pans Caroma 4.5/3 litre pans are manufactured in vitreous china to comply with Australian Standard AS 1172.1–1993 and are of the wash down type which are more water efficient than various types of pans used in other areas of the world. Wash down pans are the normal type pans used in Australia and throughout Europe. In Australia there are normally three versions of each pan model – either S-trap, P-trap or skew trap. S-Trap Pans S-trap version pans are the highest volume installed in Australia. The pan is easily identified with the outlet spigot of the trap connecting directly into a floor mounted pan collar.
Exposed (Retro) S-Trap Pan
P-Trap Pans P-trap version pans have either a horizontal or angled outlet spigot which connects directly into a pan collar mounted on the wall.
Exposed (Retro) P-Trap Pan
Skew Trap Pans Skew trap version pans are available in left and right hand models with a horizontal or angled outlet spigot which is offset at 90° which connects directly into a pan collar mounted on a side wall. The range of Caroma skew trap pans is limited to the Concorde pan and the Profile Skew close-coupled pan. Identification of whether left or right hand skew is when facing the pan from the front.
Profile Skew Trap Pan
Shrouded Trap Pan A pan with a shrouded trap is more up market than a common pan and offers the features of improved design and ease of cleaning. The close-coupled Caravelle and Profile pans as well as the Trident pan all have shrouded traps.
Trident Shrouded Trap Pan
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
29
Close-Coupled Suite A suite where the pan and the Caravelle 2000 cistern are usually joined together with Close Coupled the flush pipe concealed. The majority Suite of Caroma products are close-coupled in either vitreous china or plastic cistern versions.
Wall Faced Pan A pan which can be installed with Leda the back face of the pan fitting directly Wall Faced Pan against the finished wall. Wall faced pans are used widely for commercial and up market domestic applications offering ease of cleaning and improved design.
Wall-Hung Pan A wall-hung pan bolts directly to the finished wall, clear of the floor surface for ease of cleaning. This feature makes the pan ideal for use in commercial application. The installer must be aware of the critical installation requirements. Available in P-trap only.
Walvit Wall-Hung Pan
Boxed Rim Pan A boxed rim pan has a closed water rim with inlet holes around the underside of the rim directing water into the bowl of the pan. These pans are quieter in operation than open rim pans and are more versatile with accommodating cisterns of varying head height without splashing problems, the Leda and Walvit pans are boxed rim type Open Rim Pan A open rim pan has a flushing rim which is open and directs water to the front of the pan allowing water to fall freely over the bowl to wash the surfaces.
30
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
3 Cisterns All Caroma Cisterns are manufactured in either vitreous china or plastic to comply to Australian Standard AS1172.2 and are of the underwater valve type. Note: The majority of water authorities require 3 to 4 star WELS rated dual flushing volumes for matched pans and cisterns. Check with your local authority before specifying single flushvalve or cistern installations. Exposed Cistern Exposed cisterns are fixed directly to the finished wall and are available as close coupled versions (fixed directly to the pan) or by means of a flush pipe. When fixed directly to the pan, the pan waste setout is normally fixed unless the pan is adjustable. The waste setout of a pan using a flush pipe is flexible as the flush pipe can be cut to the required length. Refer recommended setouts for exposed cisterns using flushvalves.
Sovereign Exposed Cistern
Close-Coupled Cistern A cistern which fits directly to the pan. The pan is a top entry type with the outlet of the cistern fitting directly on the top inlet of the pan. Caroma offers both vitreous china and plastic closecoupled cisterns. Newer cisterns are bolted directly to the pan and are not fixed to the wall. This provides a better seal between cistern and pan as wall mounted cistern seals can be affected by walls being out of square.
Caravelle 2000 Close-coupled Cistern
Connector Cistern A cistern which is connected to the pan with the normal flush pipe assembly. A plastic bridging connector plate is fitted to conceal the flush pipe which is cut to size with the flush pipe for varying pan setouts. Gives the appearance of a close-coupled suite but provides flexibility regarding setouts. Available for both vitreous china and plastic cisterns.
Trident Connector Cistern
Low Level Cistern A low level cistern installation provides a cistern height of between approximately 900-1100mm and has an exposed flush pipe.
Sovereign Low Level Cistern
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
31
Mid Level Cistern A mid level cistern installation provides a cistern height of approximately 1300mm and has an exposed flush pipe. Mid level installations are being phased out in favour of the more acceptable close-coupled and low level installations. Now mainly required for replacement applications.
Slimline Mid Level Cistern
Back Inlet Cistern The water inlet connection for a back inlet cistern is from the wall directly into the back of the cistern. The connection is completely concealed and has an integral stop valve. The Cube, Leda 2000, Geo and Opal 11 suites are standard as back inlets, with Caravelle 2000 suite being optional. Bottom Inlet Cistern Water connections are to the underside of the cistern via an exposed stop cock. Right hand versions, convertible to left hand are available in most cistern models. This is the standard inlet connection system used throughout Australia. Inwall Cistern The inwall cistern is fitted into the wall cavity with access to service the cistern via a cover panel. The Invisi II inwall cistern fits into a wall cavity of 90mm and is available in single or dual flush. Flushing buttons can be up to 4 metres from the cisterns when connected to an extended pneumatic tube.
Invisi II Inwall Cistern
Induct Cisterns The induct cistern is fitted into the service duct behind the pan with an access to the cistern via the duct. Two models are available in the Caroma range, Invisi II and Slimline induct cisterns. Under Counter Cisterns The under counter cistern is fitted under the vanity counter. The Invisi II Under Counter, Slimline Induct and Compact Under Counter cisterns are available in the Caroma range. Inceiling Cisterns The inceiling cistern is fitted into the ceiling cavity with access to the service via a ceiling panel. Due to the flushing head height use only box rim type pans. The remote push button Invisi II and Invisi inceiling cisterns are available for this application. 32
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Flushvalves The Schell WC flushvalve is designed to be connected directly to the mains pressure potable water supply. Confirmation of this should be made with local authority prior to commencement of installation. The valve allows for the system to be repeatedly flushed with no fill time required making the flushvalve ideal for commercial installations with inwall, induct and inceiling models available. Consideration should be given to the engagement of a hydraulic consultant or engineer for the design of pipelines to multiple flushvalve installations, as there are special reticulation requirements. • Pipe work to the valve minimum diameter of 25mm. inimum static pressure of 20 metres head pressure at the valve. •M • Flow pressure range of 20 to 50 metre head. • Minimum flow pressure 1.4 litres per second flow pressure at the valve. Recommend 2 litres per second at the valve. Failure to provide any or all of the above requirements may cause malfunction of the valve whether a single or multiple valve installation. Inlet Valve Controls the delivery of water into the cistern. A super quiet fast fill inlet valve is available with some cistern models. There are two types of inlet valves available with Caroma cisterns: Quietflow 2 Inlet Valve Provides proven trouble free performance. Inlet valves can be changed from left to right or conversely depending on position of water inlet connection.
CL
WL
Outlet Valve The outlet valve when activated controls the volume of water delivered from the cistern to the pan. The majority of Caroma cisterns are available as standard with Caroma Smartflush 4.5 litre dual flush outlet valves. M5 Outlet Valve
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
33
4 Bidette A bidette is used to wash personal areas of the body and provides greater hygiene benefits to the user. Available with over the rim spray which provides an air gap and therefore can be connected directly to the mains potable water supply.
Royale Bidette
Over rim spray
5 Slophopper A slophopper is used to discharge waste materials and is mainly used in hospitals (bedpan discharge), and functions in a similar manner to a WC pan and is available in S and P-trap options for pedestal pans and P-trap for wall-hung model. Slophopper
6. Caroma Care Caroma care is a range of access products for accessible applications and ambulant people. Detailed are basin and toilet suite installations which comply to AS 1428-1. The building code of Australia now requires all commercial installations for disabled people comply to AS 1428-1. Refer to appropriate Product section for full specifications.
Important: Reference must be made to AS 1428-1 with current amendments to determine circulation space, grab rail and installation requirements. The dimensions may change with amendments to the standard.
34
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
7 Hydraulic History Background History Until the 1950’s, Plumbing and Drainage systems in Australia reflected historical and business ties with the UK. The post-war building boom gained momentum and in the 50’s and early 60’s giving the commercial pressures for modern systems. These also saved space, used new materials and as a result a move away from the practices of the UK was evidenced. There were a number of noted researchers, mathematicians and engineers examining the previous and current systems, amongst whom were Dr R B Hunter of the USA in the post World War I era and later Mr A Wise of the UK Building Research Station. These men, and others, established new systems basing their work on mathematics as applied to fluids and gaseous volumes and Dr Hunter propounded the Theory of Probability upon which much of our present day services are based. Dr Hunter and others became increasingly aware that sanitary plumbing and drainage lines are subjected to their maximum carrying capacity for an incredibly small amount of time. This situation occurs only when multiple fixtures discharge waste water into a pipeline section at precisely the same or over-lapping time. To assist researchers a measurement of volume known as a “Fixture Unit” was allotted to each sanitary fixture to give an individual and progressive “in line” Fixture Unit Rating. His work on the water supply reticulation was also based upon the Theory of Probability and fixture unit ratings for water flow to various fixtures. Broadly the present pipe sizing of our sanitary plumbing/drainage systems find their origins in the Theory of Probability and the Fixture Unit Ratings. The earlier Researchers by mathematical formulae and practical tests established suitable pipe sizes commensurate to pipe loadings. The Researchers and subsequently many others found that the free flow of air above the mass of water in a horizontal sanitary plumbing pipeline or in a centre of the falling volume of water of a vertical stack was the key in providing a safe sanitary plumbing system. The periodical build up of water to a situation where the entire pipe diameter is filled is the ‘problem’ period which if not offset by correct venting will lead to the loss of trap seal due to either Self Siphonage or Induced Siphonage. The loss of trap seal from any cause, resulting in sewer gasses entering a room can be also defined as a ‘System Failure’ and must be avoided. In most sanitary plumbing systems some minor loss of trap seal depth will be experienced due to the action of pressures within the system (usually referred to as ‘Waving Out’). For this reason the trap depths are normally 75mm for normal line trap whereas fixture traps, WC pans, slophoppers, are the earlier depth of 50mm. This minor loss is acceptable and has been provided for in the trap dimensions. Attention to venting details of the system is critical to its success.
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
35
8 Plumbing Terms and Definitions 1 Plumbing Incorporates services such as sanitary plumbing, cold and hot water services, flusherette systems, gas supplies, fire prevention services, roof work, down pipes and the installation of sanitary fixtures, taps and outlets. 2 Drainage Is a commonly used term referring to underground systems such as sewer pipelines, storm water systems and sub-soil drainage systems. 3 Sanitary Plumbing System Refers to the pipes, fittings, fixtures and appliances used to collect and convey sewage to a sanitary drainage system. 4 Sanitary Drainage System Refers to the pipe fittings fixtures and appliances used to collect and convey sewage, from the Sanitary Plumbing System and fixtures directly connected via the drain, to the sewer. This system is usually though not necessarily below ground surface level. 5 Sewer Refers to the actual pipe line. 6 Sewage Denotes the waste water and human waste. 7 Sewerage Systems Relates to the total system of a town, suburb or city. 8 Effluent Sometimes used in reference to sewage (see above) but more correctly refers to the liquid discharge from the outlet of a septic tank or sewage treatment plant. 9 Fixtures a) General: A receptacle with necessary appearance designed for a specific purpose the use or operation of which results in a discharge into the sanitary plumbing or sanitary drainage installation. b) Soil Fixture: A water closet pan, urinal, slophopper, autopsy table, bedpan washer or sanitary napkin disposal unit (hence ‘soil pipe’). c) Waste Fixture: Any fixture other than a soil fixture (hence ‘waste pipe’). 10 Fixture Unit A unit of measure based on the rate of discharge, time of operation and frequency of use of a fixture that expresses the hydraulic load imposed by that fixture on the sanitary plumbing installation.
1m
11 Gradient/Grade The inclination expressed as the ratio or percentage of the rise vertically compared to the horizontal length of the line. 2% or
1:50
50 m
1.67%
or 1:60
2m
120 m
eg two common gradients in pipelines are 1 in 60 and 1 in 40 where the pipeline ‘falls’ or ‘rises’ 1 meter every 60 metres and 1 metre every 40 metres of length. Alternatively the 1 in 60 can be expressed as 1.67% and the 1 in 40 can be expressed as 2.5% grade. These 36
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
gradients are considered the optimum to provide ‘self-cleansing’ velocities in the pipeline. 12 Fall The difference in level between two points in the direction of flow. 13 Self Cleansing Velocity Refers to the speed at which the contents within the pipeline should be flowing along a horizontal pipeline to prevent the deposition of solids out of water onto the pipe surface. The exact velocity range will vary with the gradient of the line, it’s diameter and fixture unit loading into the line. 14 Boundary Trap As the name implies this trap fitting is usually located near the property boundary and used to prevent gasses from the Authorities Sewer from entering the property sanitary drainage line. 15 Gully Trap/Disconnector Trap These days only one gully trap is usually required to be installed to each property service. Its main functions are to provide a release point in the event of a blockage in the sanitary drainage line and to disconnect the sanitary drainage line from a waste line serving a waste fixture only eg sink or basin (this flow recharges the trap of the gully, alternatively a tap over the gully is required). 16 Stack a) General: Any vertical pipe including offsets extending through more than one floor level. b) Soil Stack: A stack which carries the discharges from one or more soil fixtures and may also carry waste discharges. c) Waste Stack: A stack which only carries discharges from waste fixtures. 17 Trap Fitting which is designed to retain a volume of waste as a ‘water seal’ for the purposes of allowing further flow of waste water through the fitting while preventing the sewer gasses from entering a habitable room or area. 18 Water Seal This is the content of water held in a fixture or pipeline trap to prevent sewer gasses entering the room. There are a variety of traps, P, S, universal, bottle, integral, boundary and others but all are designed with an inbuilt weir to retain water at all times. Inlet
Crown
Weir
Water seal Dip
Typical trap showing water seal
Outlet
19 Air Pressure Within any and all drainage and plumbing pipelines there is by design a flow of air (see earlier notes regarding researchers). Under certain circumstances the pressure of air can have a detrimental effect on the system both positive and negative. For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
37
20 Induced Siphonage The loss of water from a trap by siphonage caused by a reduction in pressure at the outlet of the trap. This condition is normally evidenced by flow from fixtures connected to the same pipe but at a higher level. Induced Siphonage Possible solution by introduction of vent on vertical rise Atmospheric air pressure forces water seal from the trap
Higher fixture flushing
Trap seal loss
Negative pressure created in branch line due to excessive flow from higher fixture
21 Self Siphonage This is the situation in a branch pipeline to a fixture which by its configuration will cause the pipe to be filled completely and start a syphon effect thereby sucking out the contents of the trap to the fixture. This eliminates the water seal to the trap and can permit sewer gasses/odours to enter the room.
Self Syphonage
Long leg of syphon
System Siphonage The following comments are based upon research carried out by Caroma and other research organisations in the plumbing field. This work suggests that closer attention to detail is required, particularly in regard to the size and number of ventilation pipes on sanitary systems, than has been the practice in the past. Systems are at times being designed and installed to their performance limits and the slightest deviation from the ‘perfect’ condition may lead to a systems failure. As indicated earlier under Background History all systems will at times experience ‘waving’ of the trap seal to a fixture. Provided the seal is not lost entirely thereby allowing sewer gases into the habitable rooms it is a normally occurring feature and does not present a health problem to the occupants. It is important to remember this as time and money can be wasted pursuing this situation unnecessarily. 38
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Incidences of system siphonage represent a very small percentage of the total number of problems experienced with sanitary plumbing and sanitary drainage systems. They can and do occur occasionally to floor wastes, basins, sinks and toilet pans both the 11 litre and reduced flushing units. Experience has shown that these problems occur predominantly in newly developed sub-division areas. Almost without exception the problem has been found to be attributed to the problem arising in the system, the individual installation, or the household practices of individual house occupants. Rarely has the fixture been the cause of the complaint. The following suggestions are provided to help plumbers establish the cause of a system failure in the event of a problem occurring: a) Has the installation been completed and in particular confirm that all vent lines are connected to the system? The system is prone to malfunctions due to uncompleted works preventing the flow of air and/or water as required for the installation to function correctly. Incorrect grade of line can cause solids to drop out of water flow and progressively build up in the line. When this occurs water will back up and the sudden release can create a negative pressure upstream and thereby ‘suck out’ the traps seal. b) Does the system comply with the relevant code and regulation? Particular attention should be given to length of branch lines to vent lines, grades and pipe sizes. Remember that the code is the minimum requirements and good safe practice would be to keep all components well within these limitation. In reference to vent lines it should be noted that air flow is subjected to frictional losses just as water is in the water reticulation. Excessive lengths will result in the air relief not reaching pressure spots within the system and vacuums can occur. c) Ensure that there are no obstructions within the lines which might create partial or intermittent blockages. Blockages will cause excessive pressures to occur and negative pressure close to the trap seal will result in trap seal losses occurring. d) Confirm that there are no obstructions to the free flow of air through the vent cowl/terminal into the system. Air flow is a critical element in all drainage systems. Any reduction in the source of the air, the vent inlet, will result in a failure to the system and many times this is evidenced by a trap seal loss. Particular notice should be taken of the type of vent cowl installed. Some are manufactured having broad support arms which significantly hinder air flow into the vent line. These will also contribute in a major way to the failure of the system. e) Check that water in the cistern in the shut off position reaches the designated line of water depth within the cistern. Conservation of water is achieved by employing the smallest quantity of water possible, commensurate with the force needed to ensure waste material is satisfactorily carried through the system. The smallest decrease in these amounts from the source, the cistern, will mean that the volume and pressure of water through the toilet bowl and then the drainage system will be inadequate. Under those circumstances paper and solids will not clear the toilet bowl and/ or drainage lines, again causing blockages and malfunctions to occur. Example: Should the water lines be set at 25mm below the designation mark this will result in there being 1 litre less water available for the full flush. f) Have the Authorities’ mains been checked for any unusual conditions? Overloading, blockages and even the existence of a pumping station located close to the site on the Authorities' sewer mains can be For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
39
contributing factors affecting the correct functioning of house service lines. Pressure from the mains can be exerted into the house lines and excessive fluctuations of water trap seals may eventuate to the extent that the effective seal is lost. g) Does the installation drain to a septic tank and/or collection chamber? Experience indicates that these systems are less likely to give problems of trap seal loss, where the system has more than one inlet vent pipe. Preferably one vent should be sited towards the high end of the system. In addition water levels within a septic tank or collection chamber should never be permitted to rise above the inlet junction to the tank. This usually occurs in unusual circumstances including a collection chamber which acts as a pump-out well. In the case of a pump-out well, care must be taken to ensure that the chamber weir, junction or pump cut in level are such that the water level remains well below the inlet pipe. Should this not be the case and water backs up the sanitary plumbing line from the chamber a suction within the line could occur through the action of the pump dropping the water level suddenly. This condition is exacerbated in the installations which have single small diameter vent lines connected. Always ensure that correct water levels are set within the chamber, or the provision of additional venting will assist in overcoming the defects of air pressure within the system. 22 Vents See diagram over page. a) General: Vent pipes connected to soil and waste pipes to — i) Minimise or eliminate the negative and positive pressures exerted within pipelines caused by water flow in the pipelines. ii) Introduce fresh air into the system which to a limited extent reduces the corrosive action of some gasses on metallic pipelines. iii) To permit foul gasses to be liberated into the atmosphere where they are quickly dispersed by prevailing winds. b) Branch: A graded vent at any one floor level interconnecting two or more individual trap vents or group vents. c) Cross: A vent interconnecting a stack and its relief vent. d) Ground/Induct: A vent in house drainage which is directly connected to a boundary trap riser and which terminates close to ground surface level. Also called low level vent or induct vent. e) Relief: A vent installed in a stack below the lowest fixture. f) Stack: The extension of a discharge stack above the highest connected discharge pipe. g) Trap: A vent pipe venting an individual trap to the open air or to a main or branch vent pipe for the prevention of loss of water-seal in the trap. h) Cowl: A sanitary fitting for installation on the outlet end of a vent pipe to prevent the ingress of birds, rodents and foreign matter. 40
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
Cowl (wire basket) Stack vent
Group vent branching from common discharge pipe
nch
Bra
Vent pipe to terminate above low level roof.
t
ven
Soil stack
Traps Group vent
Above ground (sanitary plumbing)
Overflow gulley
w elo
und
gro
Induct vent
Sewer
) age Boundary rain yd trap r a it
n
(sa
B
Sketch indicating sanitary drainage, sanitary plumbing, stack, branches, vents and boundary trap, and overflow gully.
23 Junction This is a fitting used in a sanitary plumbing system to connect a branch pipe or channel.
Water Seal Approx. 50mm
24 Wash Down Pan Pan Rim Inlet The WC pan employed Horn almost universally in P-trap Australia is known as a ‘wash down’ pattern. It depends entirely upon the efficient use of free falling S-trap water into the pan, around Pan Foot Level the rim to completely Foot Sump Connection end clean the bowl, force the to pan connector contents of the trap over the weir into the connected soil pipe and to re-charge the trap. In addition the wash down pan previously required 11 litres of water to operate. Caroma Smartflush technology, modern design and production methods have resulted in a dramatic reduction in the amount of water used to approximately 4.5 litres for full flush and 3 litres for half flush. 25 Pan Connector A pipe fitting which has a suitable sized socket at one end to connect to the outlet of a WC pan. This is normally by means of a neoprene rubber ring. The other end of the Connector joins onto the soil branch line or drainage line. 26 Cistern A receptacle constructed to hold water until activated by a lever/ button/electronic control to permit water to flow into the attached fixture/pipe work. The inlet valve is designed to automatically refill and is designed to maintain an air gap for health reasons. For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
41
27 Flushvalve Sometimes referred to as flusherette valve and is now available incorporating two alternative principals. i) Standard Valve connected by pipe work to a storage tank located elsewhere in the project and at a higher level. This tank incorporates the required air gap and only flush valves are permitted to connect to the pipe work from this tank. ii) Caroma Schell Flusherette Valve. This device incorporates a unique and air break system. This prevents back siphonage of water into the Authorities' mains and therefore can be connected direct to the potable water supply of the building (confirmation of this should be made with the local authority prior to commencement of installation). Detailed attention to the sizing of the pipeline to the valve is essential in order to provide a satisfactory installation. 28 Air Gap The Australian practice has been to rigidly adhere to the use of a physical air gap to prevent the contents of a tank, cistern, reservoir or fixture from re-entering the water system by virtue of siphoning the contents into the potable water system. Attitudes towards the alternative, Mechanical Backflow Prevention Devices, (see below) previously considered to be not an acceptable method of control are changing and these devices are used in certain cases. (see Caroma Schell flusherette valves above). 29 Mechanical Backflow Prevention Devices There are several classifications of these valves some permitting the valve to operate by inducing air into the system to prevent siphonage taking place, to double check valves and hose connection vacuum breakers. All are stated to be designed to prevent the reverse flow of water from a potentially polluted source into a potable water supply system. 30 Extended Push Button Concealed cisterns and flushvalves mounted within walls or ducts cannot be operated satisfactorily with the normal pushbutton. Extended push button with associated longer rods, sleeves and wall buttons can be fitted and adjusted to various lengths.
Schell Induct WC Flushvalve Extended Push Button
31 Isolating Valve As the name implies it is a valve to separate or isolate one part of the water system from the rest of the reticulation. Can also be referred to as a Stop Valve though technically a Stop Valve may be a valve on the main pipeline and its use is to stop the flow of water through that section of pipe. 32 Unions Joints which are easily undone and are always installed adjacent to fixtures to facilitate their removal. 33 Access Panels These are removable panels fitted to plumbing ducts to facilitate the inspection/maintenance of the plumbing services. They should be large to ensure that all sections of the pipe work are easily accessible for maintenance/repairs. 34 Water Pressure a) General: Is the force created in a reticulated water supply by either gravity or pressurisation by the use of pumps. 42
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
b) Static Pressure: Is the force exerted in a pipeline when there is a ‘no flow’ condition. c) Flow Pressure: Is the residual force exerted in a pipeline when the water within the line is flowing. The flow pressure will always be less than the static pressure of the same pipeline. 35 Water Hammer This is the audible result of the force exerted in a pipeline when the flow of water is suddenly stopped. Dishwashers and washing machines which have solenoid valves incorporated are prime causes of ‘water hammer’. Loose or poorly installed pipe work will exacerbate the noise problem. In certain cases the installation of a ‘Water Hammer Arrestor Valve’ will be required to eliminate the sound problem. 36 Pipe work a) Sanitary Plumbing: i) Cast Iron— Commonly used in high rise buildings and other commercial/industrial application. Very good material with high acoustic qualities ii) Copper — Usually installed in branch line positions from cast iron stacks. Very good material of long life suitable allowances for expansion are essential. iii) U.P.V.C. — Poly vinyl chloride is employed extensively in domestic and other low rise residential projects. Very good material recognition of fire codes, expansion and solvents limitation necessary for satisfactory installation. iv) Stainless Steel — Rubber ring push in joints for ease of installation. A variety of rings are available for unusual or aggressive flow situations. Can be employed in numerous situations on stack and branch line applications b) Sanitary Drainage i) Cast Iron — Used mainly in commercial/industrial application where made up ground is encountered. ii) U.P.V.C. — Used extensively in residential light commercial installations. Should not be used in any situation taking extremely high temperatures or where discharges may include solvents. iii) Vitrified Clay — A very well proven material suitable for almost all applications of commercial/industrial/trade waste and residential applications. iv) Stainless Steel — Can be used extensively in buildings and underground. Correct bedding required. Slightly different diameters readily adapted to all other materials by availability of fittings. 37 Metric Conversion Pipe diameters used in the Australian construction industry are the result of a ‘soft conversion’ from imperial to metric standard. eg the pipe diameter is rounded off and hence – 3 inches = 76.20mm is known as 75mm diameter. 4 inches = 101.60mm is known as 100mm diameter. For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16
43
38 Pipe Sizing Joint Australia – New Zealand Standards While the use of 80mm diameter pipeline in residential soil line is permitted, the usual practice in Australia is to use 100mm diameter pipes. In New Zealand however, the use of 80mm diameter pipelines is standard practice over several years. It should be noted that in previous years New Zealand venting to the system has been more stringent than in Australian installations. New Zealand is one of a minority or countries which connect a 100mm pan outlet to 80mm waste pipe as standard. New Zealand installers should therefore consider the original New Zealand specifications for venting being the most appropriate when using 80mm waste pipe rather than AS3500 which is primarily based on 100mm waste pipe systems. New Zealand plumbers should also note that all plumbing work should be carried out in accordance with either Australian practice or the New Zealand plumbing code. An installation incorporating a combination of the requirements from either system is not recommended. It has long been recognised that satisfactory sanitary drainage, systems are dependent to a significant degree to adequate ventilation being present. For some time, as the systems are further refined to recognise economic restraints, overseas and local research and experience highlights that extra care in installations is essential to cope with these refinements and restraints. The reduction in venting, permitted under the joint standard, normally results in a safe and adequate installation which incorporates 100mm diameter lines. It should be noted however that codes and standards are always minimum requirements only, set down as guidelines for the industry. Unusual, or detrimental, installation conditions may require increased numbers of, or larger diameter, vent lines to counter any adverse effects in order to maintain the integrity of the system. This would become a critical consideration if the reduced venting was combined with the use of 80mm diameter lines. Conditions which can adversely affect the installation may appear to be minor but their collective effects will be adversely significant. This is particularly so in the case of 80mm diameter lines as the system will be more sensitive than 100mm diameter lines to any installation defects. These may appear to be minor but their collective effects will be adversely significant. Apart from the need to ensure lines are clear of any material which could cause blockages, examples of these include such items as correct grade, loadings, true bore and straightness of invert, position of vent termination point, distance of vent termination point to fixtures and the effects of unusual roof structures or nearby features which affect the action of wind across the termination point of the vent. Incorrect application of one or more of these features may lead to a failure of the system. Should this occur in a situation of reduced or inadequate venting of the line expensive rectification work may eventuate. 39 General The above information is given as an advisory capacity only. Reference must be made to AS/NZS 3500.2.2 and associated information issued by the various statutory authorities for application to specific installations.
44
For further information visit www.caroma.com.au or call 13 14 16