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Module 1 Study Guide Flipbook PDF
Module 1 Study Guide
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MODULE 1. Basic Dengue Virology and Laboratory Diagnosis The dengue virus (DENV) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to Genus
Flavivirus under Family Flaviviridae. This has four closely related serotypes - DENV- 1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4, all of which are capable of infecting humans. There is a recently identified fifth serotype, the DENV-5 but this is limited to wild animals. The DENV is directly transmitted from one infected human host to a susceptible human host through the bite of Aedes aegypti
and in few cases, through the bite of Ae. albopictus. If a person is infected with one DENV serotype, this infected person will develop lifetime immunity to that infecting serotype. However, immunity to other DENV serotypes may be partial.
For instance, a person is infected with DENV-1. This person will have lifetime immunity to DENV1 but will only develop partial immunity to DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV- 4. For instance, a person previously infected with a specific serotype (e.g. DENV-1) will be infected by a different serotype (e.g. DENV-2, DENV-3 or DENV-4). This person experiencing a second infection with a different
serotype or secondary heterotypic infection is at high risk of developing dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) because of antibody dependent enhancement (ADE). This phenomenon is the reason why it is very challenging to create a dengue vaccine that will provide lifetime immunity against all four serotypes. Laboratory diagnosis of dengue fever infection uses blood to detect the virus or parts thereof like viral nucleic acid or antigens, or presence of IgM or IgG antibodies produced in the human body in response to the DENV. The results of laboratory tests and clinical
impressions will be used to diagnose dengue infection.
DENGUE CLINICAL MANAGEMENT: Study Guide
MODULE 1. Basic Dengue Virology and Laboratory Diagnosis
At the end of this module, you should be able: 1.
Have a better understanding of the basic biology of dengue virus.
2.
Understand the principles of laboratory diagnosis of dengue infections.
As part of your learning activities, you need to: Read: MS PowerPoint presentation that can be downloaded as e-book in your course site. Watch Take Away Points Video at the course site. Course Feedback Tell us about your experience of the course by doing the online course evaluation on the course site.
DENGUE CLINICAL MANAGEMENT: Study Guide