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Sutera Retreat Retirement Hub: Connecting Elderly And Community Through The Social Interaction Space Mohamad Akhir Akhbar B Yussop | MBE 181073 |Session 2020/21 Sem 2 Main Supervisor: Ar Samsiah Binti Abdullah Co Supervisor: AP Dr Alice Sabrina Binti Ismail Internal Panels: Dr Roshida Abdul Majid, Dr Nor Izura Tukiman External Panel: Prof Dr Syed Ahmad Iskandar Syed Ariffin
Time Frame
CRIT 1 07.04.21
CRIT 2 27.04.21
CRIT 3 01.06.21
CRIT 4 01.06.21
CRIT 5 15.06.21
Proposal 30.03.21
FTA 06.07.21 Special Study
Unit Arrangement. Social Space. Teaching & Learning Program
Internal & External Space Planning
Fire & Services
Structural System
Space Tabulation.
Fire Safety & Building Regulations.
Structural Systems.
Site Planning.
Building Services.
Presentation Layout
Presentation
km
Proposed Site Johor Darul Tazim
(S
ut
er
aM
al l
)2
.5
Proposed Site
Matahari School
Johor Bahru
Taman Sutera
Site Information: Local Authorities Land Status Plot Ratio Zones Land Area
: Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri : Temporary Parking : 1:4 : Class B-Commercial : 2.61 Acres/ 10 117.1 SQM
Overview The world population life expectancy has increased because of medical advances and economic growth (Alavi et al, 2011). This leads to a rise in the population aged over 60 years. In Malaysia, the Department of Statistic has reported in 2030, this country will become the ageing country due to increasing the elderly population by 15% from current population.
3.23 M (10%)
> 60
ELDERLY POPULATION IN JOHOR (2018)
8%
6% 28%
7% 10%
5.82 M (15.3%)
16%
2%
+0.3% +0.6%
> 60
+0.3% +0.5%
6%
7%
10%
Johor Bahru (74,985) Batu Pahat (42,504) Kluang (27,112) Kota Tinggi (19,152) Kulai (15,616) Mersing (5,950) Muar (28,224) Pontian (18,213) Segamat (21,034) Tangkak (15,776)
ELDERLY OCCUPANTS / HOUSE IN JOHOR
2018
• • •
Population in Johor Bahru is 1.6 M Elderly Population is 74, 985 (4%) Johor Bahru Has 22 Elderly House
+15%
2030
3.7 M (11.1%)
2017 : 1059 2018 : 1224
> 60
2020
Source:
42% JB : 22 TOTAL : 52
Laporan Tahunan, Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Negeri Johor (2018). Retrieved from http://www.jkm.gov.my/jkm/uploads/files/JKMN%20JOHOR/Penerbitan%20JKMNJ/REPORT%20JKMNJ%202018_FINAL-compressed.pdf Alavi, K., Sail, R. M., Idris, K., Samah, A. A., & Omar, M. (2011). Living Arrangement Preference and Family Relationship Expectation of Elderly Parents. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 19(S), 65 – 73.
There has been a huge increment in the number of elderly care centre from 1983 to 2001. Thus, the establishment of a care centre for the elderly is seen only to fill up and meet the current demand. Sim (2002)
The elderly care centre establishments in Malaysia normally they were built in gated complexes or rented the existing shop lots and residential building. Sanmargaraja et al. (2013)
Sinda Old Folk’s Home
City Heart Care, Nursing Home
JB Carecentre
Calvary Welfare Center
Pusat Jagaan Orang Tua Yeo
The elderly often feel discontent with the standard of treatment, the lack of purpose and sense of belonging in life as a result of institutional policy, the rigidity of general routine and the living arrangement. Berglund (2007)
This situation not only have a negative influence on the well-being of the elderly, but it can even lead to isolation and loneliness feeling. Jamaiyah et al. (2006)
Pusat Jagaan Orang Tua Ceria
Issues
Most of the elderly care centre was adapted from existing residential and shop lot building which not suitable to be implemented. In result, the elderly will stay in dormitory living arrangement due to limited space. This arrangement may affect elderly discomfort and lack of social interaction.
There are no proper space and other options for the elderly to have social interaction and activity with the resident. Since the institution is using the existing residential building and turn it to suit the care centre layout which may affect elderly well-being.
The elderly feel that they are no longer needed in society. In an individualistic industrial society, caring for an elderly is seen as a voluntary obligation that may be ignored without fear of social censure.
Design Aim To propose the elderly care center which providing a spaces and program that able to increase the elderly well-being and social interaction.
Design Objectives Architecture
Social
Building Program
To propose the elderly living arrangement/ configuration in the care centre to stimulate social interaction among the elderly
To design a pocket and social space in the care centre that promotes the social interaction among the elderly and community.
To integrate the building and learning program in the elderly care center that able to integrate and engage the elderly and community.
Case Study
Strategy Design Objective 1 Architecture
To propose the elderly living arrangement/ configuration in the care centre to stimulate social interaction among the elderly
Case Study (Bedroom Layout)
In Malaysia, residents are giving dorm as a bedroom. Castagna et. al (2014)
Bedroom is the most private area for the occupants because that is where they sleep and dress up, so the presence of other occupants in the same room, to some extent will cause the elderly to feel ashamed and lack of self confidence. Bryant (1991)
The residents room should be arranged in small clusters to resemble a familiar home-like scale. Easier for the elderly to locate and find their room. Bryant (1991)
Rumah Jagaan Warga Nur Ehsan, Johor Bahru, Johor
Residential Care Home Andritz, Graz, Austria
Identification of User
• •
Independent with minimum care
70.4%
Without any help or minimum care
Functional dependent elderly
25.9%
With assisted care when needed
Disabled elderly
3.7%
1/20 of the elderly (60 years) had early stage of dementia (forgetfulness). This condition will cause the spoken word to be vague, act abnormally and behave like a child. Rosfazila (2019)
•
Need fully assistance at all times
•
•
The corridor should be design in ‘endless corridor”. The elderly will feel less-frustrated as they have several choices rather than dead-end corridor. The implementation of bright colour, big signage and prominent elements as landmark may help the elderly as wayfinding navigational to find each spaces. To avoid reflective material and colour, it can cause discomfort to the elderly. Bryant (1991)
•
For activity spaces, it should have a direct visual access, to encourage the sociality because the activities become highly visible. Calkins (1988)
Source:
Ahmad, N.A., Mohamad Kasim, N., Mahmud, N.A. et al. Prevalence and determinants of disability among adults in Malaysia: results from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2015. BMC Public Health 17, 756 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4793-7
Unit Types Type of Elderly Living Arrangement
Hadi et. al (2012)
Single living
9.31%
Couple living
Family living
15.53%
71.33%
Living with Others
3.83%
Type of Elderly Lim (2006)
Caretaker - Normal : 1 : 18 - Bedridden/ : 1 : 4 Serious Ilness
Type 1 Caretaker
Independent Elderly with minimum care
Functional dependent elderly
70.4%
25.9%
Without any help or minimum care
Type 2 Single living
Type 3 Couple living
Emergency Situation (Sickness)
With assisted care when needed
Need fully assistance at all times
3.7%
Type 4 Family living
Type 5 Special unit
Forming a Cluster Unit
• • • • • •
The communal spaces at center for social activities. Creating natural surveillance. Watching the outdoor area and neighborhood unit from their own unit. Increase the permeability. The resident are able to walk easily surrounding the cluster. Indirectly encourage social interactions happens among them.
The findings further support that recreational park or gardens are important for the elderly group, notably in supporting social sustainability. The study confirms the findings that people willing to pay more for garden and green space. Luttik (2000)
Corridor • •
1/20 of the elderly (60 years) had early stage of dementia (forgetfulness). This condition will cause the spoken word to be vague, act abnormally and behave like a child. Rosfazila (2019)
•
•
•
The corridor should be design in ‘endless corridor”. The elderly will feel less-frustrated as they have several choices rather than dead-end corridor. The implementation of bright colour, big signage and prominent elements as landmark may help the elderly as wayfinding navigational to find each spaces. To avoid reflective material and colour, it can cause discomfort to the elderly. Bryant (1991)
•
For activity spaces, it should have a direct visual access, to encourage the sociality because the activities become highly visible. Calkins (1988)
Rumah Jagaan Warga Nur Ehsan, Johor Bahru, Johor
Residential Care Home Andritz, Graz, Austria
Strategy Design Objective 2 Social
To design a pocket and social space in the care centre that will promotes and increse the social interaction among the elderly and community.
Case Study (Social Area Layout) Social places located nearest to the resident’s bedroom were used slightly more frequently by the resident compared to the spaces that located far away from their bedroom. Pinet (1999)
For activity spaces, it should have a direct visual access, to encourage the sociality because the activities become highly visible. Small subspaces should be created within the activity area to allow more private socialization and passive participation. Calkins (1988)
In care center there are 2 types of social interaction. Informal social activity among the residents and caretaker and formal social activity, which is the activities provided by the management. Li et. al (2020)
Rumah Jagaan Warga Nur Ehsan, Johor Bahru, Johor
Residential Care Home Andritz, Graz, Austria
Interaction Within Cluster (Informal Interaction Spaces) Activities at sharing spaces
Gardening
Reading book
Tea break
Chatting
Space through its own organization can have an attracting effect and bring / hold people together and have interaction and it can form an informal social contact. To create the informal social contact, the spaces can be form through influencing the visual relationships, possibilities in circulation for encountering or avoiding the occupants. Bryant (1991)
1
Interaction within Cluster
1
Linear interaction
2
Vertical interaction
Elderly Physical Condition
The elderly daily walkability to the location of basic services should be located within 400 m of elderly people’s residences, which corresponds to a 5-min walking distance.
1
2
90.1m 2
Goodman et. al (2003)
Another scholar argue that the maximum comfortable walking distance is 500 m, from the elderly person’s house to available primary services. However, elderly people can take twice the walking time when compared with younger adults.
2
1
1
1
30m
Seating/ Resting Area
1
1
2
1
2
2
Burton et. al (2006)
Walking distance for elderly to facility is 180M/ not more than 5 minutes.
Chatting Area/ Reading Area
3
2
3
1
3
2
Jabatan Perancangan Bandar dan Desa (2018)
In all corridors places to stop for a rest or a neighbourly chat should be incorporated at regular intervals. Allow a small informal resting and seating area at least every 30metres. Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea (2015)
3 2
1
1
3
Chatting Area
2
3
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
Interaction With Community (Informal Interaction Spaces)
Jogging Track
Community Market
Seating Area (Ground Floor)
Mini Amphitheatre
Kiosk Cafe
Social Space Analysis
Creating natural surveillance. Watching the outdoor area and neighborhood houses from their own compound.
• •
Increase the permeability. The villager are able to walk easily surrounding the cluster. Indirectly encourage social interactions happens among them
•
Previous Layout 30m
• •
Social places located nearest to the resident’s bedroom were used slightly more frequently by the resident compared to the spaces that located far away from their bedroom.
maximize view
ma xi vie mize w
Pinet (1999)
Current Layout
maximize view
Strategy Design Objective 3 Building Program
To integrate the building and learning program in the elderly care center to be able integrate and engage the elderly and community.
Case Study (Program)
Promoting Lifelong Learning For Older Adults University Of The Third Age Kl & Selangor (2020)
Site Context
Proposed Site SJK (C) Kuo Kuang 2
Sutera Sports World
Matahari Private School
Kiwanis Care Heart Centre
Calvary Victory Centre
Sekolah Menengah Sri Sutera Sekolah Rendah Sri Sutera Tadika Jiwa Cerah
Program Brief PROGRAM
Art & Craft
Religious
Baking Yoga
Gardening
TRANSFER KNOWLEDGE SESSION
$$ 1
most expressed a great deal of enthusiasm about the positive impact of intergenerational work on older residents’ selfesteem, health, and sense of connectedness to the broader community Henkin et. al (2017)
Be active and productive so that they can continue to contribute to the family, society and country. U3A (2018)
Frequent participation in mentally stimulating activities are associated with a reduced risk of dementia Stern C. (2010)
Expert
1
Elderly
Community
2 Legend: 1 Teaching / Sharing 2 Observation
Timeline 12AM
6AM
12PM
6PM
12AM
6AM
12PM
6PM
12AM
6AM
12PM
6PM
12AM
6AM
12PM
6PM
12AM
6AM
12PM
6PM
12AM
6AM
12PM
6PM
12AM
Student (weekdays-morning session) 12AM
Student (weekdays-evening session) 12AM
Student (weekend-Friday) 12AM
Student (weekdays-Saturday session) 12AM
Worker (office hours) 12AM
Finding: • By having this timetable observation, the management can set and determine the operational hours for elderly to start their works especially for workshop and class:
LEGEND: SLEEP
Worker (shift hours) 12AM
6AM
12PM
6PM
12AM
WAKE UP SCHOOL HOURS
Operation Hours (weekdays) 12AM
6AM
12PM
6PM
12AM
REST HOURS
FAMILY TIME TUITION/ CO-CURRICULUM WORKING HOURS OPERATION HOURS CLOSE
Operation Hours (weekend)
Knowledge Transfer Program (Formal Interaction Spaces)
Religious Classes
Art & Cratf Workshop
Baking Workshop
Library
Gardening Workshop
Gymnasium & Yoga Classes
Building Program
Residential/ Facilities
Knowledge Transfer
Community Engagement
Housing Units Musolla Cafeteria Mini Library Mail Room Laundry Convenience Store Pocket Space Clinic Pharmacy Gymnasium (Indoor/ Outdoor) Physiotherapy Centre Open Park/ Jogging Track
Workshop Classroom (Art & Craft/ Bakery/ Pottery) (Urban Farming) Library Coworking Area
Community Market Mini Amphitheatre Kiosk Cafe Pocket Space
Form Design Development
Setback • The area of site is 2.62 acre before setback. • The utilization of the site is maximized to 1.69 acre.
Plot Ratio/ Density • The permittable plot ratio is 1:4 (Commercial) • For housing development, the permittable density is 1 acre : 40 unit
Residential Unit • The residential unit has been lifted up and arranged in typical floor (shared living area) due to site area contraint. • The lift core was located at centre to consider elderly walkability movement.
Facilty • Green area and open park near to the main road was designed as a noise buffer to the residential units. • A community market located near to open park as attraction to public.
Pocket Space • The pocket space was located in each floor to allow interaction activity happen between community and elderly.
Final Form • The building facade was implemented with color theory, with light and earth tones providing harmony and serenity to the building's occupants.
Planning & Zoning
Circulation (Internal & External)
External Circulation 1 1 Vehicular/ Services Ingress 2 2 Vehicular/ Services Egress 3
Pedestrian Entrance
Vertical Zoning
Public Semi Public Private Services
Horizontal Zoning
Internal Circulation 1 Visitor/ Community 2 Resident/ Management 3
Services
Schedule of Accomodation
Residential
Knowledge Transfer
Community Engagement
Management
Services
60%
8%
7%
2%
23%
Parking Calculation
Plot Ratio/ Density
Rancangan Tempatan Daerah Johor Bahru & Kulai 2025
Residential Unit
Passive Fire Protection Purpose Group
II
Institutional
Residential
Knowledge Transfer
60%
8%
Community Engagement
Management
7%
2%
Services
23%
Hospital, school or other similar establishment used as living accommodation for, or for treatment, care or maintenance of, persons suffering from disabilities due to illness or old age or other physical or mental disability or under age of 5 years, where such person sep in the premises
VII
Place, wheter public or private, used for the attendance of persons for or in connection with their social, recreational, educational, business or other activities, and not comprised within group I to IV
VIII
Storage and general Place of storage, deposit or parking of goods and materials (including vehicles), and other premises not comprised in groups I to VII
Place of Assembly
Storage & General
By Law 140 By Law 225
91m
H
H
75m 46m Ground Floor
H
JALAN PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA 1
39m
83m
H PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA
115m
57m
Building Volume Fire Appliances access Hydrant
Evacuation Means of escape Exit calculation Travel distance
By Law 165, 166, 167, 171, 174 7th schedule By Law 197, 7th Schedule
PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA
By Law 196 By Law 229, 242, 243
JALAN PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA 1
20 m2
61 m
20 m2
Evacuation Smoke lobby Protected lobby (exceed 18m high)
61 m
Sub Basement
Ground Floor
Active Fire Protection Detection
10th Schedule
A G 3 a Automatic Sprinklers
Hose Reel
Signal Indicator Alarm System
Signal Point Units
By Law 253
30 m
30 m
JALAN PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA 1
Ground Floor
Fire Tank
Sub Basement
PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA
Automatic Sprinkler Hose Reel
Smoke Detector and Triggers
By Law 153, 172, 225, 227, 237
el
el
el
k dp fa bg k el sd hr el k
JALAN PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA 1
k el el
Ground Floor
el
k
k el
el dp
el
el el
sd el
el k dp
sd
Sub Basement
TNB
By Law 253
Genset
Emergency Power System
Location of Services PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA
1 2
8
1 0
7
8 1 1
9
7
2
1
3 6
4
6
5
JALAN PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA 1
Ground Floor
1 3
1 3
Legend: 1 TNB Substation 2 Genset Room 3 Meter Room 4 MSB Room 5 MDF Room 6 Storage 7 Loading/ Unloading Area 8 Refuse Collection Point 9 Fire Tank 10 Water Domestic Tank 11 Pump Room 12 Utility 13 Lift/ Services Core
Sub Basement
Services Diagram
Fire Escape Route
Panic Button Location
Electrical Supply
Mechanical Ventilation (VRV System & Fan System)
Water Supply
Refuse Chamber/ Services Lift
Type of Construction Rule of Thumb for Column Size
Column size for 8m span for 4 storey residential building: 450mm×530mm (0.23m2) Column size for 8m span for 5 storey residential building: 530mm×600mm (0.31m2) Therefore the proposed column size is: 500mmx900mm (0.45m2)
Column Size Residential Area
Column Size
4200
4200
250mm x 900mm 500mm x 900mm 700mm x 700mm
Construction Strategy
According to Psychology Today, a study from the University of Minnesota reported that people in 8-foot-high rooms feel confined, while those in 10-foot rooms feel freer. The lower the height of a ceiling, the more personal space we need from others. Higher ceilings also evoke formality, whereas lower ceilings create more intimate spaces.
Private Space
Community Living Units Knowledge Transfer Community Car Park Section A-A
Social Space
Entertainment Space
Site Plan
8 8
4 1
2
PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA
Layout
Legend: 1 Elderly Housing 2 OPen Park/ Jogging Track 3 Vehicular Access 4 Vehicular Egress 5 Pedestrian Walkway 6 Drop Off 7 School Field 8 Rubber Plantation 9 Existing Residential 10 Matahari School 11 SJKC Kuo Kuang 2
9
5
6
JALAN PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA 1
7
5
7
PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA
3
11
23 16
21
14
10 18
13
10
17
21 10
15
12
10
9 19
7
6
9 5
2 1
22
3
4
8
10
10
11
10
24
PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA
Ground Floor
Legend: 1 Drop Off 2 Reception 3 Fire Control Room 4 Mail Room 5 Administration Office 6 Pharmacy 7 Clinic 8 Retail 9 Lift/ Services Core 10 Pocket Space 11 Mini Amphitheatre 12 Community Market 13 Indoor Cafeteria 14 Outdoor Cafeteria 15 Exhibition Area 16 Community Farming 17 Toilet 18 Special Care Unit 19 Ambulance Parking 20 Bus Stop 21 Open Park/ Jogging Track 22 Vehicular Ingress 23 Vehicular Egress 24 Pedestrian Walkway
Residential
50%
Community Engagement
20
20% Services
20%
JALAN PERSISIRAN SUTERA DANGA 1 2 4
Knowledge Transfer
5%
Management
5%
Sub Basement
12
8
7
10
8 11
6 13
9
7 6 13
2 3
1 4 5
Legend: 1 TNB Substation 2 Genset Room 3 Meter Room 4 MSB Room 5 MDF Room 6 Storage 7 Loading/ Unloading Area 8 Refuse Collection Point 9 Fire Tank 10 Water Domestic Tank 11 Pump Room 12 Utility 13 Lift/ Services Core
Basement
First Floor
5
5
3
2
2
11
10
4
5
Residential
9 1
2
Legend: 1 Lift/ Services Core 2 Pocket Space 3 Management Office 4 Toilet 5 Multipurpose Classroom 6 Art & Craft Workshop 7 Coworking Space 8 Library 9 Yoga Workshop 10 Kiosk Cafe 11 Bakery Workshop
1
0%
Community Engagement
15%
6
2
7
8
2
Services
30%
Knowledge Transfer
45%
Management
10%
Second Floor
5
2
3
10
2
4
5
Legend: 1 Lift/ Services Core 2 Pocket Space 3 Kiosk Cafe 4 Toilet 5 Surau 6 Art & Craft Workshop 7 Multipurpose Room 8 Library 9 Gymnasium & Physio Center 10 Hair Saloon
Residential
9 1
1
33%
Community Engagement
10%
6
7
8
Services
27%
Knowledge Transfer
27%
Management
3%
Typical Floor 1 (Level 3,5,7)
Legend: 1 Lift/ Services Core 2 Shared Space 3 Residential Unit 4 Mini Library 5 Caretaker Unit 6 Central Courtyard
2
3
4
3
2
2
3
4
3
2
3 1
4
3
6
3
Residential
3
Community Engagement
70%
0%
1 Services
30%
2
5
3
2
3
3
2
3
3
2
3
Knowledge Transfer
0%
Management
0%
Typical Floor 2 (Level 4 & 6)
Legend: 1 Lift/ Services Core 2 Shared Space 3 Residential Unit 4 Mini Library 5 Caretaker Unit 6 Central Courtyard
3
2
3
4
3
2
3
3
2
3
4
70%
3
3 1
5 3
Residential
2
2
3
2
6
3
1
3
2
4
3
5
3
2
3
Community Engagement
0% Services
30%
Knowledge Transfer
0%
Management
0%
Roof Top Plan
Legend: 1 Lift/ Services Core 2 Open Park 3 VRV Unit 4 Domestic Water Tank 5 Sky Light Roof
Residential
3
2
4 5
60%
3
Community Engagement
4 1
5 2
0%
5
Services
40%
Knowledge Transfer
0%
Management
0%
Elevation
Perspectives
Thank You!