200 Quick and Easy Phrases for Japanese Conversation Flipbook PDF

200 Quick and Easy Phrases for Japanese Conversation
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With English Translation 英語訳付

すぐに使える

□未严厶5Д

■^-

-



..

/



A'

監修 水谷信子

Yokattane

Mizutani Nobuko

森本智子/高橋尚子/松本知恵;議^^

Morimoto 'Готоко Takahashi Naoko

初級

中級「上級

jリサーチ出版

Matsumoto Chie

はじめに

Foreword

だいぶ日本語が使えるようになったと思えるけど、もっとうまくなりたい、言い

たいことをぴったりした表現でなかなか言えない一そう感じている人は実は多

いのではないかと思います。そう感じている人の気持ちに沿いたい、うまくなりた いという意欲に応えたい、と思うわたしたちの願いから、この本が企画されました。 この本では、「ごちそうさまです」「お疲れさまです」のような、いわゆる日常

生活の決まり文句にとどまらず 、皆さんが自分の考えや気持ちを的確に伝えて、日 本人とのコミュニケーションを生き生きと効果的に行うために役立つフレーズを集 めました。

例えば、誰かに手伝ってもらった場合、ただ「ありがとう」と言うだけでも感謝

の気持ちは表せますが、それだけでなく

「助かります」 という表現が使えたら、相手の日本人も喜ぶでしょうし、こちらも気分がすっき りするでしょう。

また、日本人は過去の出会いや経験の共有を大切にしますので、「先日はありが

とうございました」などとよく言いますが、そう言われて、ただ「いいえ」と答え

ただけでは、なんだか自分でも物足りないような気がするかもしれません。そんな 時、

「こちらこそ」 と答えることができたら、相手との距離がいっぺんに短くなったような気持ちにな

るでしょう。そのような短いフレーズをぜひ覚えていただきたいと思います。 また、「信じられない」「しまった」「やっぱり」など、自分の気持ちを率直に表

すフレーズや「賛成」「そのままで結構です」というような自分の態度を明らかに

する表現も入れました。使い方の説明や、従来の教科書と違う自然な例文も豊富 につけましたので、ぜひ活用してください。

皆さんが日本語でのコミュニケーションの中で、受け身にならず、伸び伸びと自 分を表現していってくださることを望んでいます。そのためにこの本がお役に立 てれば幸いです。

水谷信子 2

Do you ever feel as though your Japanese has reached the point where you are able to use it well, but you still want to become better or you still struggle to sometimes find just the right phrase? We think there are many people in that situation, and this book was born from our wish

to create something to help those people fulfill their desire to become better Japanese speakers.

This book in eludes more than just stock phrases you use in daily conversation such as "gochisousama desu" and "otsukaresama desu" In these pages, we have compiled useful phrases that will allow you to more precisely express your thoughts and feelings in lively, effective conversa-

tions with Japanese people.

For example, if some one helps you, a simple "arigatou" does convey your thanks. But if you were to say "tasukarimasu!'

the person who has helped you will probably be even happier and upbeat. Japanese people also value shared meetings and experiences in the past. They often use the

phrase, ''senjitsu wa arigatou gozaimashita; but a simple reply of "iie" may make them feel some­

what disappointed. Instead, a reply of

"kochirakoso'' will help to immediately bring you and the person you are talking to closer to one another. It is these kinds of phrases that we hope you will learn through this book.

This book also includes phrases that directly state how you feel, such as "shinjirarenai," "shimatta" and "yappari: as well as phrases that show your stance on something, such as "sansei" and "sono

mama de kekkou desu." Its pages are also full of explanations of these phrases' usage, as well as

natural example sentences that you may not see in traditional textbooks. We hope you make full use of these resources.

We hope that all of you will become able to communicate in Japanese as not passive receivers, but as free and active participants able to express their own thoughts, and we truly hope that

this book can help you achieve that goal.

3

目次

Table of Con tents

はじめに Preface........................................................................................................................................................... 2 学習の流れ How to proceed with your studies.........................................................................................1 〇 がくしゅうなが この本の使い方 How to Use this Book......................................................................................................... 12 ほん

CD

かた

っか

の使い方 つか

How to use the CD.................................................................................................................... 1 4

かた

コミュニケーションを豊かにする一言フレーズ►IS

Parti

Section !

驚きや疑問 Surprise and questioning.................................................................... 1

おどろ

ぎもん

6

1おお。/おつ。Wow! 2 おかしいなあ。It's strange. 3 がっかりだよ〇 What a disappointment. 4さすがですね。1'm proud of you. 5信じられない! I can't believe it! 6そうかなあ。I wonder. 7 どうしよう〇 What should I do? 8何て言っていいか、わからなし'〇 I don々know what to say. 9まさか。No way. 10まじで?/まじ? Seriously? 11また? Again? 12 よく わかんない 〇 lzm not quite sure. 13わけがわかんない。I'm confused.

Section 2

質問や確認 Question and confirmation しつもん

かくにん

29

14 〜はどう? How is〜? 15 いいんですか 〇 /いしゝの? Is it Okay? Do you really mean it? 16ちよっとお伺いしたいんですが〇 May I ask you a question? (more polite) うかが 17 できた? Finished? 18どうしゝうことですか。What happened? 19 どうしたんですか 〇 What happened? Something happened? 20どちらの田中様ですか〇 May I ask where you are from? 21何 、それ? What is it ? なに

Section 3 感想や気持ち かんそう

きも

Comment and feeling........................................................................ 37

22 頭が痛いよ〇 It gives me a headache. 23危なかった。That was dose. あぶ 24ありがたいです。Very grateful. 25惜しかったなあ〇 What a shame. 26お互い様です。Likewise. 27 体がだるい〇 ・ feel weak. I feel tired. 4

28かわいそうに。That is pitiful. 29 気分が悪い 。I don't feel so good. きぶん わる 30ぎりぎり間に合った 。Barely made it. ま あ 3!困ったなあ。This is bad. こま 32 しまった! Crap! Damn it! 33 せっかくなのに 〇 !t would be a waste. 34 それは残念でしたね。I'm sorry to hear that. That's too bad. ざんねん 35それはまずいよ。Thafs bad. 36そんなこと(は)ないです。Notatall. 3?大変ですね。Thafs tough. 38 たす 助かります 〇 I'm helped by that. 39 楽しみです〇 I'm looking forward to it. たの 40 だめだ。I give up. 41 ついてないなあ。What bad luck. 42疲れました〇 I'm tired. つか 、、 43 なんだ。Come on. 44なんとなく〇 Somehow. 45〜はちよっと…。Thatsabit... 46ひどい話ですね〇 It is terrible. はなし 4? 平気です〇 Not bothered. 48 まあね。I suppose 49ましゝったなあ。What a bummer! 50 やっぱり。As I thought. 51やばい。Risky.

Section 4

説明 Explanation.......................................................................................................................67 せつめい

52 相変わらずです。It is the same as always. 53うっかりしてました。I was absent-minded. 54運がよかったです。Lucky. 55 冗談だよ 〇 I'm just kidding. 56 せっかく だから〇 Because it's a precious opportunity. 5?そんなつもりじゃなかったんです。That was not my intention. 58たまたまです。!t just happened. 59私のせしゝです。It's my fault. うんー

じょうだん

わたし

Section 5

評価や判断 Evaluation and judgment..................................................................... 75

ひょうか

はんだん

60いいですね。Sounds good. 61 いいんじゃないですか。I think its okay, maybe. 62 いまいちです〇 It could be better. 5

63お任せします〇 ИI leave it to you. まか 64 しかたない〇 Therezs nothing we can do. 65 しようがない。There's nothing we can do. 66 すごい〇 Amazing! 6Уそうでもないよ。Not really. 68 確かに 。You are right. たし 69ちょうどいいです。It is just right. 70 当然です〇 !t's no wonder. とうぜん 71どちらかと言うとIf anything い 72なかなか難しいですね。It's quite hard. 73 微妙です〇 !t's difficult to put into words. びみょう 74ひょっとしたらPossibly 75まあまあです。Not bad. 76間違いない〇 Km sure. まちが 77 無理です。lt,s impossible. むり 78もったいない。That's wasteful. 79 問題ない。No problem. もんだい 80よくやった。Good Job. 81 りょうかい 了解です。Got it. 82わかりました。Understood. 83悪くないと思う。It'snotbad. わる

おも

Section 6依頼やお願い Request.................................................................................................... 99 いらい

ねが

84〜でお願いします。Please do it byねが 85お願いします 。Please. ねが 86ご一緒してもいいですか。May I join you? 87 頼みます。I'm asking you. たの 一〜 88ちょっといいですか〇 Do you have a little time? 89ちよっと待ってください。Wait a moment. 90 できれば〇 !f possible. 91悪いんだけどIfeel bad but... わる 92何とかしてください。Please do it somehow. なん

Section 7

意志や態度 Will and attitude.................................................................................... 1 し、



たいど

93 いいです。[No] No, I'm fine. 94遠慮しときます 。I think I will pass. えんりょ 95 きょうしゅく 恐縮です。Гт afraid.. 96今日は私におごらせてください。It's my treat today. 97 気をつけます。ГИ be more careful. き

6

08

Table of Contents

98 結構です〇 [No]No,thankyou. けっこう 99 結構です。[Yes]That's fine. けっこう

100また今度でし、いです。Next time

10!賛成。!

is fine.

agree.

102そのままで結構です〇 けっこう

103大丈夫です。It'S

It's fine as it is.

okay.

104だいたいでいいです〇

You don't have to be exact.

ちょっと考えます 〇 I'll give it some thought. かんが 106 適当でいいです〇 !t doesn't have to be perfect. てきとう 10?どっちでもいい。Either will do. 105

108とりあえずFor

now

109とんでもないです。Absolutely

110

not.

念のたS) Just in case

111反対。I disagree.

112

刖に。Not really.

別にいし、んじゃなし'? I don*t think its a big problem. 114 まあ、いいか。Oh well.This will do. 115まかせてください。Ьeave it to me. 116もうしゝし、よ。That's enough.

113

11?もちろんです。Of course.

118私はいいです。[No]

No thanks.

わたし

Section 8

助言や心配 Advice and worries................................ しんばい

じょげん

119うまくいくといいですね。I 120

hope it goes well.

おすすめです〇 It is recommended.

121落ち暫いて。Calm 122

down.

考え過ぎだよ。You're overthinking it. かんが



123頑張ってください。Do がんば

your best.

124気にしないでください。Don't

let it bother you. ー



125元気出してください。Cheer げんきだ

126

134

up.

しっかりして。Pull yourself together.

127心配しなくていいよ。Donztworry. しんばい

128何かあったら言ってください 。If you なに

129 130

have any problem, let me know.



よかったね。Thafs good to hear. よかったらどうぞ〇 Please feel free (if you like)

7

目次 もく



Part2コミュニケ-ションを囂かにする零まり豹 >147

Section!

あいづちなど会話の決まり文句Supportive response かいわ

131いえいえ。Oh, 132 133 134 135 136

もんく



148

no.

うーん Hmm うそ。You are kidding. えー。Really? そう? Oh, is it? そうそう。Thafs right

そうですね〇 [thinking] Hmm. 138 そうですね。[consent] Yes. 139そうなんだ。1s that so? 140その通りです。Youzre right. 141でしょ? Isn't it? 13?

142なるほど。!

see.

143話は変わりますがChanging

subjects

へ­ 〇 Wow. ほら。See? 146もう一度しゝし、ですか〇 Once more, please? 144 145

いちど

Section 2日常生活の決まり文句 Cliche of everyday phrases................................ 164 にちじょうせいかつ

14?



もんく

いただきます〇 ! appriciate having this.

148行ってきます〇

!'m leaving now.

149いつもお世話になっております〇

I appriciate all of your help.

150いらっしゃい。/いらっしゃいませ。Welcome.

151遠慮しないでください。Don't 152お帰りなさい。Welcome

back.

153おかげさまで。Thanks to

you.

かえ

hold back.

154どうぞ、おかまいなく。Don't'bother.

155

お元気で。Take care. げんき

156お先に失礼します。Ifve さき

しつれい

157お邪魔します。May I

got to go.

come in?

じゃ華

158お世話さまです。Thanks as せ

always.

お世話になります〇 Гт happy to work with you. せわ 160 お大事に。Take care. だいじ 161お疲れさまです。Good work. つか 162お待たせしました〇 Thank you for waiting. ま 163おめでとうございます。Congratulations. 164 お気の毒です 〇 Гт sorry to hearthat. 159



8

どく

Table of Contents

165 166

167

かしこまりました。Certainly. 変わりないですか。Has anything changed? か 乾杯! Cheers! かんばい

171

気をつけてください。Be careful き ご苦労さまです。I appreciate your efforts. くろう ごちそうさまです〇 Thank you for the meal. こちらこ-f 〇 I am the one who should say it.

172

ご迷惑をおかけしました。I'm sorry for causing troubles.

173

ごめんください。Hello. ご面倒をおかけします。I'm sorry to bother you. めんどう _ 今度遊びに来てください。Please come to my place next time.

168 169 170

めいわく

174 175

こんどあそ

176 177



ご親切にありがとうございます。Thank you for your kindness. しんせっ 最近どうですか〇 How have you been? さいきん

178 179 180

失ネししました。Forgive me for being rude. しつれい 失礼します。(入るとき)May I come in? しつれい 、 はい 失礼ですが…Excuse me, but... しつれい

181

182

183 184

じゃ\また。See you later. 承知しました。Certainly. しょうち すみません。Гш sorry. 先日はありがとうございました。Thank you very much for the other day. せんじつ

185 186 187 188 189 190

そろそろ失礼します。I should get going. しつれい ただいま。1'm back. つまらないものですが。Here is a little something for you. 遠慮なく。Don't hesitate. えんЬよ どういたしまして。You're welcome. どうぞ。Please.

195

どうも。Much obliged. 〜のおかげです。Its thanks to〜 また誘って ください。Let me know if there's a next time. さそ 申し訳ありません。My apologies. ~ もう わけ ゆっくりしていってください。Feel free to relax.

196

よい週末を。/よいお年を。Have a good weekend

197

喜んで。Gladly. よろこ ゝ よろしくお伝えください。Give him/her my regards. った よろしくお願いします。I hope for your good favor. \、 ねが わざわざ、すみません〇 Sorry to have bothered you.

191

192 193 194

しゅうまっ

198 199

200

さくいんIndex

とし

218 9

学習の流れ

How to Proceed with Your Studies

この本は大きく、PART1・PART2の2つの部分で構成され、次のステップで 学習を進めます。しっかり練習を続けることで、"日本語会話の基礎力”が自然に

身につきます。

STEPliAフレーズの意味を理解する まずフレーズの意味、フレーズが使われる場面、フレーズの意図 や効果を押さえます。

STEPH ►►►会話例を聞く 会話例を聞きます。会話が行われている場面や話し手の気持ちを

想像しながら、フレーズの意図や効果を確かめながら聞きましょ う。また、特に短いフレーズについては、音のアクセントやイン

トネーションに注意しましょう。

STEP〇 ►►►フレーズを言う 耳慣らしの練習に続いて、今度はCDの音声のすぐ後を追いか けるように、まねして自分で言ってみましょう。それに慣れてき

たら、本を見ないで音だけで練習をしましょう。

STEP □ ►►► くりかえし練習 くりかえし学習することで、どんどん効果が増します。CDの音 を気軽に聞き流すだけでもいいですし、声に出して練習すると、

さらにいいでしょう。妙「CDの使い方」(p.14)

※フレーズはどこから学習してもかまいません。機能や性質で分けられたセクショ

ンごとに学習するのも、整理しやすくていいでしょう。

10

This book is broadly divided into two sections: Part 1 and Part 2. Proceed with your studies ac・

cording to the steps listed below. By practicing consistently and thoroughly, you will naturally achieve an ability in the basics of Japanese conversation.

STEP” ►►► Understand the meaning of the phrase First, get an understanding on the meaning of the phrase, image where the

conversations are taking place, and understand the intention of the phrase and its effectiveness.

Listen to the conversation examples. Imagine where the conversations are

taking place, and the speakers feelings, while ascertaining the intentlon of the phrase and its effectiveness. Additionally, be careful of accents and into-

nations especially for short phrases.

STEP 目►►► Say the phrases out loud After the listening practice, try to mimic the sounds of the CD directly after

they are spoken. Furthermore when you become familiar with the phrase,

practice the same way by only listening to the sounds without looking at the textbook.

STEPQ ►►► Repeat Exercises You will become proficient through repetition drills. You can simply listen to the CD, but it would be best to practice the drills out loud. (See: How to Use the CD, p.14)

* You can begin your study of the phrases at any point. You might want to study the drills by

sections classified with function and its nature, as it will be easier to organize.

11

この本の使い方

How to use this book

各セクションの最初のページにセクションのタイトルを示しています 。 また、ここに含まれるフレーズの番号を示しています。

•テーマとなるフレーズ--------------

「です•ます」体と「だ・である」体、 たい

たい

両方の場合があります。 ※会話例での形は、必ずしも

このまま

•フレーズの訳

英語でこれに箱当するフレーズや

意味の近い表現を挙げています。

ではありません。 •さくらのマーク-----------

基本的な意味や働きを示して います。

・ポコノト----------------使用場面や話し手の気持ちな

ど、意味の理解や使い方のポ

イントを示しています。

基本的な会話例(3例以上)を 紹介しています。

•会話の場面などの補足情報を 加えています。

・応用・発展的な会話例を紹介しています。フレーズ

とよく一緒に使われる語句や、関連する別のフレー

このページのあるパート

ズなどを取り上げています。

とセクションを濃くして あります。

12

• The title of each section is printed on the first page of that section, alongside a numbered list of the phrases contained within.

• Phrases in this Book ------------------

• Translations of Phrases

Phrases introduced in this book are in both

Phrases are also translated into English

"desu / masu" and "da / de aru" form. They do

phrases with similar meanings or uses.

not necessarily have to be used in the exact form they are introduced in through the

sample conversations. Commen t ai?d feeling

• Sakura Symbol---------------

► 22-51

が痛し、

The basic meaning and function of

ж



Atama-ga italyo.

u tt

ive a headache, worries,

phrases is printed next to a sakura symbol.

It is used to sigh over an endless painful trouble.

*»lt is often used when a person does not know how to solve certain issues.

• POINT -----------------------------

I

POINTS are also provided that further explain the meaning and usage of

phrases. For example, they may de­ scribe situations and emotions that call for a phrase's use. • Three or more examples of a phrase's — —

(0~A tight family budget

)

A: Is the electricity bill going up A:また・気代が上がるの? в :うん、給订は上がらないのに…。頭が痛いよ。 B: Yeah, but no rise in the salary. It's a headache. @ Worrying about their son )

A:もうすぐ受験なのに、息子は每日ゲームばか

リしてて。

use in conversation are given on each

вそれは頭が勇いですね。

page.

(❸ Things not good at

А :部長がこの資料、読んでおくようにって。

-В :えつ、全部英語!頭が痛くなりそう。

• These usage examples also include

supplemental information, such as where or why the conversation is tak­ ing place.

A: My sons examination is right around the comer, but all ne does is playing games every day. B: That sure is a headache.

A: Your manager has asked you to read this document. B: Oh, are they all in English? I'm sure to have a headache.

— Words and expressions often used with the phrase

⑷嘛械播甜 !(when I imagine that ~1 A :こんせ釀がしばらく踽くのかと辭れ懸が稱儿监牆艦憎喘器眯

い !. в :しようがないよ。

5 AWUMd A:今後のことをきえると、贖がлいよ。

В :そうですね。

ue for some time. В: It cannot be helped.

(when I think about A: Its a headache when 1 think about the future. B: That's true.

if

• Example conversations are meant to be practical and constructive. Terms often used together with phrases or other related phrases will also be introduced.

The shaded part and section corresponds to the page you

are currently on.

CDの使い方 つか

かた

付属 CDには、かいわれいかいわぶん 会話例の会話文(にほんご 日本語)がすべて収録されています 。 ふぞく しゅうろく

❶まず最初に 、1ページの中で紹介されている会話例の文をすべて読みま さいしょ なか しようかい かいわれい ぶん よ しよう。一つ一つ意味を理解し、会話が行われている場面をイメージし ひと

ひと

りかい

いみ

かいわ

おこな

ばめん

てみましょう。 ❷ 次に 、ほん 本を見ながら CDを聞きましょう 。どんな音で話されているか 、 っぎ み き おとはな

イントネーションなど、音のニュアンスをつかみながら確認しましょう。 かくにん

おと

❸ほん 本を見ながら CDの音を聴き 、すぐ後を追いかけるように 、まねして口 み おと き あと お くち

に出しましょつ〇 ❹ 今度は本を見ないで、同じように練習しましょう。 こんど

ほん



おな

れんしゅう

How to Use the CD The enclosed CD contains all of the conversation examples of the conversation texts in

Japa nese. OFirst, read all of the conversation examples listed on the first page. Try to understand

the meaning of each, and imagine where the conversations are taking place. ❷Next, listen to the CD while you follow the text. Pay close attention to the sounds of the speech, and nua nces of the sound, such as acce nts and into nations.

❸Listen to the CD while following the text. Try to mimic the sounds aloud directly after they are spoken.

QNow practice the same way again without looking at the textbook.

14

コミュニケーションを 豊かにする ・ー言フレー と



よ*

Brief phrases that enrich communication.

Surprise and questioning

parti

!おお。/おつ。

Oo./Ott.

Hmm? Huh! Whoa! Wow! Used to express surprise or admiration. »*Often used by men.

VQ Surprised by the cold А

:おおつ、寒い!

A: Whoa, its cold!

в :ほんとだ。もう1枚着たほうがいいな。

В: It really is. I should wear an­ other layer*.

Surprised by a large crowd )

A:おお、すごい人。

A: Wow, look at all the people!

В: It is a famous festival, after all.

В :有名なお祭だからね。 @ A useful feature. A :こういうこともできるんだよ。 в

B: Huh! Thats amazing.

:おお。すごいなあ。

)

(©"Noticing someone a

:おつ、山田さん!

A: Hmm?! Mr. Yamada!

やまだ

B:あつ、田中さん、久しぶりですね。 たなか

⑥ Surprised at the news A

ひさ

В: Oh, Mr. Tanaka. Its nice to see you again.

)

:田中さん、さくらさんを食事に誘ったんだって。A: Apparently Mr. Tanaka invited たなか

В:おお、やるね。

16

A: Look, it can even do this.

しよくじ

さそ

Ms. Sakura to dinner. B: Huh, not bad!

2おかしいなあ。

Okashii-naa.

It's strange・ !here must be something wrong. ヨ confir

Question and

It shows that the speaker has recognized something unusual and got suspicio us.

a r

on

»lt is used when the cause of the problem is unknown. ヨ (〇

とう



かお

and

し・しん

Ex. (Looking at a photograph) Daddys face looks funny, isnt it?

mem

fee-mg

"〇primarily means wltzs funny and makes you want to laugh." Ex.〈写真を見て〉このお父さんの顔、おかしいね。 Ex.ジョンはいつも、おかしなことばかり言う。

: メール届いてないわよ。

A: Your email hasnt arrived.

とど

В

:おかしいなあ。さっき送ったんだけど。 おく

j

A:おかしいなあ。電源が入らない。 でんげん

はい

в :もう一度押してみたら。 いちどお

B: Press the start button again. i

A:探し物? さが

A: There must be something wrong with my compute匚 It doesnt boot properly.

wi=andattitude

@Youcan't find something

В: Its strange. Ive sent it a while ago-

A: Are you looking for some­ thing?

もの

sVKe andworries

в:うん。おかしいなあ。ここに置いといたのに、 B: Yes, its strange. I put it here お but cant find it.

ないんだよ。

Words and expressions often used with the phrase 4「何か」

[something]

A ;うーん、何かおかしいなあ。

A: Hmm...there must be something wrong.

また?

Supportive response

B:えつ?

cut oi n a 3 d

Request

@ Something wrong with a"computer

E v a c

judgment

)

(S'Email has not arrived

A

Explanation

Ex. John always talks about funny things.

B: What? Again?

phrases

Clicheofeveryd

7

CD-1

3

がっかりだよ。

3 Gakkari da yo.

What a disappointment. Used to express feelings of disappointment when your expectations are not met. ЮТПП1 Expresses feelings of deflation and loss of interest.

»»ln casual conversation, gakkari. is also used. »»The bigger the disappointment, the stronger and louder the initial да sound is, such as "Gakkari."

@ Dissatisfaction

)

A:あのレストラン、どうだった?

A: How was the restaurant?

в:がっかりだよ。サービスが悪くて。

В: What a disappointment. The service was terrible.

@ Not the real thinq

|

A:あの女優、整形してるんだって。 в

:そうなの?

なんかがっかりだね。

(❸ Not participating

B: Really? I feel kind of disap­ pointed now.

)

A:明日、彼、来れないって。 в

A: You know, they say that actress gets plastic surgery.

:それはがっかりだね。

A: He says hes not able to come tomorrow. B: Thats a disappointment.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

⑷「えー」

[really?]

A:すみません、今日はもう売り切れなんです。

А: Гт sorry, were already sold out for the day.

в

18

:えー、がっかり。

B: Really? Thats disappointing.

I

c

さすが'ですね。 〇nly〜could

Surprise and questioning

4

Sasugadesu ne.

do that. Гт proud of you.

ヨ e and feeing

ヨヨ (〇

»>lt is used when the speaker reaffirms that someone possesses great skills or abilities.

s.o n

and

om fksation

It shows the speaker's respect and admiration that someone has done work as expected.

Q

fiEe

E x p

@ Be fast at work

sr n a t

)

A:資料、完成しました。 しりようかんせい

:さすがですね。森さんは仕事が早い。 しごと

もり

@ Professional's preparation a

はや

J

:あの選手は毎日20キロ走るそうですよ。 せんしゅ

まいにち

はし

B: Wow, only a pro could do that.



@ Irony ____

:田中さん、また新車買ったらしいよ。 しんしゃか

:さすが。お金持ちは違うな。 かねも

ちが

A: I heard that Mr. Tanaka bought a new car again.

ー Wー i a n d attitude

たなか

В

A: I heard that player runs 20 kilometers everyday.

Request

B:ヘー、さすがプロですね。

A

В: Гт proud of you, M匚 Mori. You are fast at work.

Evacagn and judgmes

в

o-n

A: The materials are ready.

B: Again? The rich are different from us.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase [be proud of Mr./Ms.~]

A:昨日頼まれた書類、完成しました。

A: The document you requested yesterday is done.

в

:やっぱり森さん、さすがですね。

A d v k e a n d worries

④『やっぱり〜さん」

В: Гт proud of you, Mr. Mori. Good job.

負帝

response

51

phrases

gdle ofeveryday

9

I s

CD-1

信じられない!

5

Shinjirarenai!

しん

I can't believe it!

(A) Used to express shocked and con founded feeli ngs of utter disbelief. (B) Expresses incredibly strong feelings of disgusted resignation. 9^Shinjirarenai is also used as an emphatic adjective (Ex: An unbelievable number of birds, unbelievably beautiful).

)

® A surprise__________________

A:森さん、会社辞めるんだって。 もり

A: Mr. Mori is leaving the com­ pany.

かいしゃや

в :えつ!信じられない!

B: What?! I cant believe it!

しん

(0~A~surprise

)

A:田中さん、彼女と別れたらしいよ。 たなか

В

かのじょ

朽か

:信じられない!仲良かったのに。 しん

なかよ

(©"Shocked at someone's actions らいげつ



ム貝っちゃって。 か

в

:何、それ!?信じられない!今日返すって なに

しん

В: I cant believe it! They were so close.

J

A:お金返すの、来月まで待ってくれない?ゲー かねかえ

A: Mr. Tanaka apparently broke up with his girlfriend.

きょうかえ

言ってたじゃない!

A: Could you wait for me to pay you back until next month? I just bought a new game.

B: Are you serious?! I cant be­ lieve it! You said youU pay me back today!



Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④「うそ!」

[no way!]

A:この株を買うと、必ずおうかるんだって。

A: They say youre guaranteed to make money buying this stock.

в :うそ!そんな話、信じられない!

B: No way! I cant believe that kind of talk!

20

孑 CD-1

que5tion_ng

Surpriseand

6そうかなあ。

6 Soo ka naa.

I wonder.

豈 0511tim!

黑 〇 ・

Used to show that you disagree with someone's opinion or hold a different opinion.

s g

ss iv =! s.



ヨ (〇

»A soft way to reject someone's opinion because you cannot agree with it.

т ф

ng

з.a s.

(O~Different recollections_______ J

A:ここ、前にも来たことがあるんじゃない? まえ



はじ

A

)

:やっぱりここのすしが一番だよね。 いちばん

в

:そうかなあ。ほかにもいい店あるよ。 みせ

(❸ About a"coworker

A: This place really does make the best sushi. В: I wonder. There are a lot of oth­ er good stores out there.

ゃさ

:そうかなあ。そうでもないと思うけど。 おも

A: Ms. Mori is such a nice per­ son.

W一 i and

в

-

В: I wonder. I dont think Id say the same thing.

a r s

&. E A d

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

[really?]

A:この服、似合うんじゃない?

A: Doesnt this look good on me?

s.a

and

④ гя-ЯВР

в

ш а

)

A:森さんって、ほんと優しいよね。 もり

rnv a c a t i



⑥ At a sushi restaurant

В: I wonder. I think its our first time, though.

judgm es

В :そうかなあ。初めてじゃない?

A: Haven't we come here before?

W 0

B: Really? I wonder.

3.S

:えー、そうかなあ。

21

CD-1

どうしよう。

7

7 Doo shiyoo.

What should I do?

A phrase said when one is troubled at what aにtion to take・ Shows that you are befuddled and feeling pressured・ »Used when put a tight spot.

“Also indicates that you wish you had help.

® Lost an item

J

a

:あれつ、ケータイがない!

В

:お昼食べた店に忘れたんじゃない? みせ

ひるた

どうしよう。

B: Didnt you just forget it at the store where we had lunch?

わす

@ Preparing for a meeting

____ J

A:どうしよう。資料が間に合わない。 しりょう

в

A: What should I do? The materi­ als wont be ready on time.





:何か手伝おうか。 なに

B: Is there anything I can do to help?

てっだ

(Q In the car

A: Hmm? My phones gone! What should I do?

'|

A:どうしよう。ガソリンがあと少ししかない。 すこ

B:じゃ、一番近いガソリンスタンドを探そう。 いちばんちか

さが

A: What should I do? I'm almost out of gas.

В: ГП find the closest gas station, then.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④鮭

[ohi

A:麵、どうしよう。舉にケチャップが身いちゃった。A:gXaonmyd^sl8Ot

в:すぐに洗えば、落ちるんじゃない? あら

22



B: It'll probably come out if you wash it immediately.

s*

Surpriseand questヨ ng

8何て言っていいか、わからない。

©'

Nante itte iika, wakaranai.

Quest n and ヨー r m a t n co

I don't know what to say.

o-

o-

Used when you are unable to find appropriate words when you are asked to explain or answer something.



(〇ヨ

ent and feeimg

»Used when talking about difficult situations or when an immediate answer is asked of you. »Also said "Nanto itte..!' Nante is a more casual form of the phrase.

Explanation

@ Someone who has said something strange

)

A

:何であんなこと言ったの?

А:

в

:何て言っていいか、わからなかったんだよ。

В: I didnt know what to say then.

judgmes

)

A:あの映画どうだった?

A: How did you like the movie?

:何て言っていいかわからないけど、なんか泣

В: I dont know what to say, but I cried either way.

Request

В

Evacationand

@ Someone's opinion on a"movie

did you decide to say

けた。 (©"Speaking to someone who has won something

| A: Congratulations!

В:はい。すごく嬉しくて、何て言っていいか.

B: Thank you. Гт so happy that I dont know what to say right now.

わかりません。

w = andattitude

a:おめでとうございます!

Supportive response a j

of everyday

phrases

23

s-e

CD-1 ■

9



9



まさか〇Masaka(There's) No way.

Expresses surprise at something that seemed highly unlikely to happen・ 环Used to express surprise and disbelief at something someone has said.

(〇"Learning that someone has been accepted into a school J| A:彼、К大学に合格したそうだよ。

A: It sounds like he was accepted into К University.

в :えつ、まさか!

В: What? No way!

@ Surprised by a win

)

A :日本が勝ったよ。

A: Japan won the game.

В: No way! You must be kidding!

В :まさか!うそでしょ?

(0 Surprising news

)

A:あの二人' 兄弟なんだって。

A: Those two are apparently brothers.

ふたりきょうだい

B:えー、まさか。あの二人が!?

В: Wha?! No way. Those two?!

ふたり

侖 Mistaken identity?

J

a:あそこに立ってる人、もしかして部長!? た

ひと

ぶちょう

в:まさか!こんなところにいるわけないよ。

人違いだよ ひとちが

A: Is the man standing over there the section chief? В: No way! Theres no way he would be in a place like this. You must be confused.

Variatio ns

⑥ News of a wedding

]

A :まさか、あの二人が結婚するなんて思わなかったよ。A: I never thought those two ふたり けっこん おも would ever get married to one В :ほんと〇びっくりした〇 another.

В: You said it. I was shocked.

24



Part

ヨ ng questio

Surpriseand

[〇 まじで?/ まじ?

Majide?/Maji?

Seriously? Questionand confirmation

Used to express incredulity, similar to hontoo ni? and honki de? ■h・川・ »Used to confirm whether an unbelievable story is really true.

Q s a e s u n d

A fairly casual expression that is only used with friends, family, and close fe e i

coworkers.

a-

g

Exp_anar

')

(Q~Hobbies

B: Seriously? Thats incredible.

すごいね。

@ Chasinq your dreams _

u a t

and judgment

в :まじで?

A: You know how Mr. Mori loves fishing? He even bought a boat with his friends.

一 Eva

貝ったんたつて。

n

o-

A:森さん、釣りが好きじゃない。友達と船まで

o'n

) A: I'm quitting my job to try to become a musician.

в:それ、まじで言ってんの?

B: Are you being serious?

めざ

しごとや



Request

A:仕事辞めて、ミュージシャンを目指すよ。

(©"A*musiにal group breaking up ) し

かいさん

в:えつ、まじ?私、好きだったのに。 わたし



一 W一 i a n d attitude

A:あのグループ、解散するって知ってた?

A: Did you hear? rIhat group is breaking up. B: What, seriously? I really liked them.

Words and expressioris often used with the phrase

④「うそ!」 A

:田中さん、結婚するらしいよ。

в:うそ!それ、まじ?

[no way!]

A: It sounds like Ms. Tanaka is getting married.

B: No way! Seriously?

Supportive response

25

1!また?呎? Again? Expresses surprise and shocked resignation at something that keeps happening・ “Other terms for this in elude mata desu ka, mata ka, mata nano?, mata kayo and more.

(〇-Computer freezing

)

A:ああ、パソコンがフリーズしちゃった。

買い替えたほうがいいんじゃない?

в :また?

A: Oh, the computer froze. В: Again? You should probably buy a new one.

)

@ Mistake

A:すみません、会議の時間、間違えてました。 в :またですか。

A: Sorry, I got the time of the meeting wrong. B: Again?

(❸ Can celiation________________ )

A:今日の試合、雨で中止だって。 в :またか。

A: Todays game is cancelled because of rain B: Again?

Words and expressions often used with the phrase ④f■えつ?」

26

ш

[what?]

A:あつ、ネットがつながらない。

A: Oh, I cant connect to the Internet.

в:えつ?

B: What? Again?

また?

-2?

よく わかんなし、 〇

ユ se and Surp questioning

12

Yokuwaka-n-nai.

Fm not quite sure, unsure. coiwmakion feding

9^"Yoku wakannai'' is used in an informal conversation.

(〇mmeni

»lt is extensively used as "I did not understand, I don't know: and also"! can't explain it well, I don't know how to:

Quezon and

It is used when one does not have an adequate reply to a question or to a topiに regarding specifiに issues brought up by someone・

a

s.

一 anation Exp

—」

® A difficult question

A:この問題、どういう意味? もんだい

В :うーん、よくわかんないなあ。

(0 A reason for a bad temper

B: Hmmm, Гт not quite sure either.

J

A:部長は今朝、何であんなに怒ってたの?

:よくわかんないよ。

(©_Half-way through the drinking party

B: No idea. J

A:森さん、何で急に帰っちゃったの? なん

きゅう

かえ

В :よくわかんない。彼のすることは。 かれ

A: Why did Mori-san leave all of a sudden?

WH_ andattitude

もり

A: Why was our manager so angry this morning? Request

В

Evacationand ヨ ent judg

A: What do you think this ques­ tion means?

いみ

В: I cant understand his behav­ ior.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④•壇だか」

["what it is'/sortof"]

A:fの説明、どういう意味かなあ。

A: I wonder what this is trying to explain.

В :うーん、何たかよくわかんないなあ。

B: Um, I cannot clearly understand what it means.

Supportive response phrases

2che ofeveryd

27

CD-1

13わけがわからない。

13

I dorft understand, I'm confused, It doesn't make sense Used to state that one cannot understand what something means, how it can be so, or its intentions and reasons. 出!Ж出 9^"Wake" means reason. 9^"Wake да wakannai" is often used in a casual conversation.

(〇A bout friends А

:あの二人、また付き合い始めたんだって。

В

:また?

わけがわかんないね。

M About a movie

A: I heard that those two started going out together again. В: Again? I dont understand.

)

А:あの映画どうだった?

A: How was that movie?

В :話が複雑で、わけがわかんなかったよ。

В: The story was complicated and I was confused.

⑥ The state of a"colleague^ table JI А

:机の上が、すごい状態になってるね。

В :ほんと、わけがわかんないよね。

A: The table sure is messy. В: Yeah, I dont know what is where.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④「ほんと」

[really]

A:課長、言うことがすぐ変わるよね。

A: The section chief changes his mind frequently.

в

B: Really. It s so confusing.

⑤ITもう」

[Arrrrh, Gee]

A:引つ越し荷物の整理、進んでる?

A: Is the packing for the move going fine?

в

28

:ほんと、わけがわかんないよね。

:もう、わけがわかんないよ!

B: Arrrrh. It is just a jumbled up mess!

I'.nti

Question and confirmation

►14-21 CD-1

wdoo?

cs

rprheand

はとつ?

s

14

How is

Questionand confirmation

(A) It is used when asking other's state or opinion on something・ (B) It is used when asking someone's convenience, someone's opinion or feedback.

fee-ing

»(A)"X wa doo?: it meansWhat do you think of X?'; or "What is X's situation?"

(B) A: "X san (you) wa doo?: it means "What do you think?" or "Is this okay with you?"

^Asking about what is convenient

)

A:ごめん。明日行けなくなっちゃった。 あしたし、

В :じゃ、来週はどう?

A: How are you doing with the current work?

しごと

:忙しいけど、まあまあ楽しんでるよ。 たの

いそが

уЭ Suggest

しろ

) おも

В :うーん、私はВがいいと思います。 おも

わたし

:宿題で日本人に質問しないといけないんだ。 にほんじん

しつもん

誰がいいと思う? だれ

おも

В :じゃ、森さんはどうかな? もり

(❻ Suggest

В

e:

B: Um, I prefer B.

A: For my homework, I need to make an inquiry to a Japanese. Who do you suggest?

B: If that is the case, why dont you go with Mori-san?

)

:何かいい方法がないかなあ。 なに

A: I would advise A or E, but what do you think, Maria?



(❺ Suggest___ しゅくだい

Mtit曲

a:ぼくはAかEがいいと思うけど、マリアさんはどう?

A

В: Yeah. How about a white shirt?

H瓷a

(❹ Choose

A: Do you think this shirt does not match the trousers?



:そうだね。じゃ、白いシャツはどう?

Request

へん

A

B: It is busy, but I enjoy it.

)

A:このズボンにこのシャツだと、変かな。 В

judgmeH

A:今の仕事はどう?

ほうほう

A: I'm wondering if there's a better way.

:例えば、こういうのはどう?私が代わりに行 B: Then, what do you think of たと わたし か い

く。私はいいよ。 わたし

Evacanonand

j

@ Ask howthinqs are goinq

в

A: Sorry, I became unable to go tomorrow.

В: Then how about next week?

らいしゅう

いま

Comment and

■:

this? I'll go instead of you. It's fine with me. 29

*

CDY

15いいんですか。/いいの? ~?/15 Is it okay? Do you really mean it?

It is an expression to rec〇nfirm to others, because you feel a bit uneasy about it, or wonder 讦 it really is okay. »lt is used when you think that it is not good to affirm what the other person said. »lt shows one's feelings of gratitude or obligation because of some one's kin dness.

"Yokattandesuka" is used for what happened in the past. Ex.本当にそれでよかったんですか。 ほんとう

Ex. Was that really okay?

(〇 Appreciate

)

A:もう夜遅いから、車で送りますよ。 В

:いいんですか。すみません。

(❷ Concern

А: ГП take you back home by car, as it is late. B: Is it really okay? Thank you very much.

)

A

:やっぱり就職しようと思います。

в

:いいんですか。研究者になるのが夢だったん でしょう?

(❸ Warn

A: Having said that, Гш choosing to seek employement. B: Do you really mean it? It was your dream to become a resea­ rcher.

)

A:どこに捨てていいか、わからないから、ここ

に置いとく? B:えつ、いいの?

だめでしょ、ここは。

A: I dont know where to throw this away. I think ГИ leave it here.

B: What! Is it really okay? I think you shouldnt.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④ 「本当に」

[really]

A ;この時計、あげるよ。

А: ГП give you this watch.

B: Oh, is it really okay?

В :え、本当にいいんですか。

⑤ 「それで」

[will that be]

А:じゃ、少し延ばしますので、25Вまでに送って

А: ГП extend the period, so please return it to me by the 25th.

ください。 в 30

:え?

それでいいんですか。

B: Really? Will that be okay for you?

-I CD-1

quesdoning

うかが

Chotto 〇・ukagai-shitain desu да.

Surpriseand

16ちよっとお伺いしたいんですが。16

Questionand

c o r弓 m 卑

May I ask you a question? (more polite)

・ 〇

n

It shows that you have a question or something you want to confirm. It is a little formal.

й е к а д

•►Please try not to inconvenience your listener and use it with a slightly bowing posture.

9 э з е я а

й.

Exp

(〇 To ask a question

sr

A :ちよっとお伺いしたいんですが 、駅はどっちですか。 えき

うかが

:ああ、駅ならあっちですよ。

A: May I ask you a question? Where is the station?

爆 E v a c a t ! an j u d g mヨ e

в

nauon

J

B: Ah, its that way.

えき

'〇 !

To confirm

A

:ちよっとお伺いしたいんですが、これでいいですか。 うかが

в:ええ、大丈夫だと思います。 だいじょうぶ

)

A:先生、ちよっとお伺いしたいんですが、お時 うかが



間ありますか。 かん

A: Professor, can I ask you some questions please? Do you have a time?

wi=and attitude

せんせい

R e q c m sr

B: Yes, I think that is fine.

おも

(〇 Asking about a schedule

A: May I ask you a question? Is this ok?

B: If its short, its ok.

В :少しならいいですよ。 すこ

Words and expressions often used with the phrase i4)「〜のことで」

[regarding-]

A:”懈のMMちょっとお曙、したいんですが。み篇需號。严3

в:はい、どういったことでしょう。

B: Sure. What is that you want to know? response

I15)To ask a question

___ J

A :ちよっとお伺いしますが、ABCというカフェはA: May I ask you a question? Do 」 、 、' you know where ABC cafe is? J勰ないですか。 В: Yeah, ifsjust over that way.

“ああ、このすぐ先にありますよ。 31

suppoaive

Variations

CD-1

17できた?

17 Dekita?

Finished? It is used to ask 讦 something has been completed・ »lt is used for things that are easy to understand (ex. cooking, writing a research paper). »lt is not often use for abstract things (ex. studying, meeting).

When you want to ask about ability or probability, use "dekita?" Ex.説明は以上だけど、理解できた? — — はい、だいたい。 せつめい

いじょう

りかい

Ex. This is the explanation. Are you able to understand? - Yes, pretty much.

(i>Task

)

A:ゼミのレポート、もうできた?

в:大変だったけど、何とかできたよ。 @ Cookina

A:できた?

B: It was hard, but somehow I was able to do it.

J

みんな待ってるよ。

В :もうすぐできるから、待ってて。 (© Preparation

A: Is it finished? Everybody is waiting.

B: It will be ready soon. Just wait.

J

A:もうすぐ出発だけど、準備はできた? в

A: Have you finished your paper for the seminar?

:はい、できてます。

A: We will leave soon. Are you ready?

B: Yes, I am ready.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④「もう」

[already]

A:先生、作文が終わりました。

A: Professor, I've finished my essay.

В

:もうできたの?

早いね。

「全部」

5

32

B: You are finished already? Ihat is fast. [all]

А:宿題、全部できた?

A: Have you finished all of your homework?

В:いえ。もう少しかかりそうです。

B: Not yet. I think it will take a little more time.

ゼ CD-1

questsn

讲 e Stnp

18どういうことですか?籍监は18

i

l'

What happened? What do you mean? Why? Questionand 一 rmation conf

Used to ask someone to explain what they mean or intend・ •You use it when you are surprised or frustrated, when you don't understand the situation, etc.

(〇 Don't understand the situation

)

A:森さん、今月退職することになったよ〇 в

:えつ、どういうことですか。

(©Ask for an explanation A

E x p

A: Mr. Mori will retire this month.

sr n a

B: What? Why?

s-n

|

:田中さんが余計なことを言うから、困っちゃったよ。

в:えつ、どういうことですか。

A: Since Mr. Tanaka said some­ thing he should not have, it put me in a tough situation.

B: What do you mean? Express your frustration A

j

:ボーナスが出ないって、どういうことですか。

В :会社の利益が少ないんだよ。

A: Please explain why we wont get a bonus.

B: Our company is not making enough profit. n

Words and express!ons often used with the phrase

:研究が中止って、どういうことですか。

'>「つまり」

:話はわかったけど、つまり、どういうこと?

B: It seems that they cant get the buget for it.

wn d

[that is to say] s.



А

A: You said that the research will be stopped, what happened?

Advice 盞

в:予算がとれなくなったみたいだね。

t e

[you said ~]



A



⑷I■〜って」

A: I understood your story, but what is it you want to say?

В :うん…。それで、ちよっとお金を貸してほしいんだよ。 B: Well...could you lend me some money? [on earth (to emphasize)]

A:遅れるって、いったいどういうことですか。

A: Did you say you would be late? What on earth hap­ pened?

H : ' l;で飛行機が飛べないんです。

r g s



“「いったい」

B: My flight cant take off because of the snow.

33

CD-1

19どうしたんですか?

19

Doo-shitan desu ka?

What happened? Something happened?

й Used to ask for an explanation when something looks unusual.

ЕШЯ •The expression "Doo shimashitaka"does not actually mean "Nanika 〇 shita (One did something.)"but rather means"Nanigaarimashitaka (What happened?)" or"Naniga okimashitaka (What took place?)"

® In a hospital



A:今日はどうしたんですか。

A: Whats the matter today?

きょう

в

:きのうから熱があるんです。 ねっ

(❷ When you are worried

A

}

:どうしたんですか。顔色が悪いですよ。 かおいろ

わる

в :車に酔ったんです。 くるま

A: What is wrong? You look pale.

В: I got carsick.



To ask for an explanation



A:何度も電話したんだよ。どうしたの? なんど

в

В: Ive had a fever since yester­ day.

でんわ

:ごめん。ケータイを家に忘れたんだよ。 いえ

わす

A: I called you many times. What happened?

B: I'm sorry. I left my cell-phone at home.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④ I・いったい」

[on earth (to emphasize)]

A:目が真つ赤ですよ。いつたいどうしたんですか 。

A: You have very red eyes. What on earth happened?

В:コンタクトレンズが合ってなかったみたいなんです。

В: I think my contact lenses didnt fit my eyes.

⑤ I[それで」

[then]

А

:電車の中に荷物を忘れてしまったんです 。

В

:それで、どうしたんですか。

⑥ 蓼突然」

34

A: I left my bag in the train. B: Then, what did you do?

[suddenly]

A

:夜中に電話してごめん〇

В

:突然どうしたの?

何かあったの?

A: I'm sorry for calling you in the middle of the night. B: This is sudden. What hap­ pened? Something wrong?

ゼ 強 ques

scrpwe and

20どちらの田中様ですか?眈爲皿

O R s'g

May I ask where you are from, Mr./Mrs・ !anaka? confirmation

ヨ雪 Coヨ

»lt is often used over the phone. In business settings, it is often used to ask which company/section the person belongs to.

Questionand

It is used when you do not know who the person is, what his/her relationship with you even after he/she tells you his/her name・

f rtse s-g a g.

•Mildly formal. The following expression is more formal.

t

E)(・どちらの田中様でしょうか。 Ex. May I ask where you are from, please, Mr. Tanaka?



b c >

:田中ですが 、もりぶちょう 森部長をお願いします 。 たなか ねが

В

:あのう、どちらの田中様ですか。 たなかさま

A: This is Tan aka. May I speak to Mr. Mori, the department manager?

EV cuc si. s-1 1

and judgment

A

cm

Over the phone

B: May I ask where you are from, Mr. Tanaka?

估 To confirm where the person belongs to J A:青木さん、田中さんにサンプルを送っといて おく

たなか

あおき

В

:あのう、どちらの田中様ですか。

Request

くれる?

A: Ms. Aoki, could you send the sample to Mr. Tanaka?

B: Uh... which Tanaka are you talking about?

たなかさま

W一 i

i

At a reception desk

-

A:山田と申します。原部長をお願いします。

в

はらぶちょう

もう

やまだ

ねが

:恐れ入ります。どちらの山田様でしょうか。 おそ

やまださま



a a e l h S V

name is Yamada. I would to see Mr. Hara, the de­ partment manager.

B: Excuse me, but may I ask where you are from, Mr. Yama­ da?

S-a a.W 0

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

4「失礼ですが」

:失礼ですが、どちらの山下様ですか。

B: Excuse me for asking, but may I ask where you are rrom, Mr. Yamashita?

やましたさま

fs

5

в

(

s p w b p答h 證

A: I'm Yamashita. Is the store manager around?

てんちょう

supportive

:山下だけど、店長、いる?



A

やました

3.e s

[excuse me for asking]

一片 專

h fl>

0



rey sa.^

CD-1

21

何、それ?如が,sore? なに

What is it? (A) It is used to ask what it is or what it means. (B) It is used to express a feeling of disgust or frustration for something you found out. »"Nani, sore?" and "sore, nani?" are interchangeable for (A), but "sore, nan/?"can not be used for (B).

•When you express a feeling of disgust or frustration, use a descending tone for the last sound of the sente nee.

丽 When you are interested A:(可.それ?

)

かわいいね。

A: What is it? It's cute.

なに

в :タイの猫の人形。かわいいでしょ。 にんぎょう

ねこ

@ When you are amazed

A:何ヽそれ?

)

ライオン?

A: What is that? Lion?

なに

в

:えつ、わかんない?犬を描いたんだけどな。 か

いぬ

(©"When you are frustrated ひと

かんぜん



まいご

ちゃったよ。 в:何・それ? なに

B: Oh, can't you tell? I drew a dog.

)

A:誰か人に聞けばよかった。完全に迷子になっ だれ

В: Its a cat figure from Thailand. Its cute, isn't it?

私のせいだって言うの? わたし

A: We should have asked some­ body. Now we are totally lost. B: What is it? Are you blaming me?



Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④ 『いったい」

[on earth (to emphasize)]

A:いったい何、それ?

A: What on earth is it? It looks terrible.

в

気持ち悪い。

:納豆っていう食べ物だよ。

⑤ 「どうしたの?」Р А:(可、それ?

どうしたの?

В :昨日やけどしちゃって。

36

B: This food is called nattoo. [what happened?]

A: What is it? What happened? В: I burned myself yesterday.

•■"•i

Comment and feeling

>22~51 CD-1 q 5 u 2 e s g

當 p

SJ

and



22頭が痛いよ。

22 Atama-ga-itai yo.

g

It gives me a headache. connrmaOon

Question31id

Used to lament over a seemingly endless source of trouble. »lt is often used when a person does not know how to solve certain issues.

(〇ヨmem

ef e sg a

s.

E x p

(O A tight family budget

sr n a t

j

A:また電気代が上がるの? でんきだい

o' s»

A: Is the electricity bill going up again?



A:もうすぐ受験なのに、息子は毎日ゲームばか じゅけん

むすこ

まいにち

в

:それは頭が痛いですね。 あたまいた

l g m e a

A: My sons examination is right around the corner, but all he does is playing games every day.

Request

りしてて。

Eva-uation and

в :うん、給料は上がらないのに…。頭が痛いよ。 B: Yeah, but my salary is staying きゅうりょう あ あたま いた the same. Its a headache. (〇 Worrying about their son )

B: That sure is a headache.

В Bad at something ぷちょう

しりょうよ

в:えつ、全部英語!?頭が痛くなりそう。 ぜんぷえいご

あたまいた

Willand attitude

部長がこの資料、読んでおくようにって。

八:

A: Your manager has asked you to read this document.

B: Oh, are they all in English? This is going to give me a headache.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase 4

「〜と思うと」

А :こんな状態がしばらく続くのかと思うと、頭が痛

いよ。

••

A

I・〜を考えると」

:今後のことを考えると、頭が痛いよ。

[when I think about ~]

A:rLhinking about the future gives me a headache.

B: Thats true. phrases

37

Qkhe ofeveryday

•»そうですね。

B: It cannot be helped. supportive response

Hしょうがないよ。

[when I imagine that ~] A: It worries me when I imagine that this s让uation will contin­ ue for some time.

23危なかった〇Abunakattaあぶ

That was close. I thought it would be a big problem・ A phrase to express relief about being able to avoid danger at the last minute・ ・心 9^"Abunakatta(yo)" is used when you talk about yourself. "Abunakatta-ne" is commonly used when you talk about someone else.

@ Time

)

A:危なかった〜。遅刻するかと思ったよ。 ちこく

в

おも

:ぎりぎり間に合ったね。 ま

B: You arrived just in time.



Test score

)

a:ちょうど60点!あと1点で不合格だったよ。 てん

てん

ふごうかく

В :危なかったね。 あぶ



A: My score was 60! If it were 1 point lower, I would have failed.

B: That was close. )

A game

A:最後は危なかったね。 さいご

A: That was dose! I thought I would be late.

あぶ

В :うん。負けるかと思ったよ。 ま

おも

A: It was close in the end.

B: True. I thought we had lost the game.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

④「〜とこ(ろ)」

[almost]

A: That was close. I was almost A:危なかった~。もう少しで車にひかれるとこだっ run over by a car.

た。 В

B: You must watch out!

:ちゃんと見ないと!

⑤「〜そう」

[nearly]

A: I nearly insulted the manager А:さっき部長の悪口書いたメールを部長に送りそう in an email that was being sent to him.

になったよ。

в

38

:え­ !危なかったね。

B: Wow, that was close!



scrpnse que5

24ありがたいです。

t s-n a

Arigatai desu.

3Q g i. c



Very grateful, thankful, helpful, to appreciate someone's help

t

om m satios

It shows one's appreciation on things, which are very helpful. »Benefit is what we either receive it from someone, or happen to receive it by chance.

o' ssa a.

m

(〇ヨ

•^There's a similar expression "Tasukarimasu. (That would really helpme)^

ent and

fee-ing

(〇 Thanking for the celebration______ J A:たくさんの人が祝ってくれて、ありがたかっ いわ

たよ〇

E

А: Гт very grateful that so many celebrated us.

-s sr n a t

В: Wow, thats great.

sn

В :へー、よかったね。

k

A :近くにスーパーができたんですね 。

B:ええ。ありがたいです。

-ea c a r k m

and

A: Looks like youve got a new supermarket nearby.

ちか

(©"A parcel from a parent

judgment

(❷ A new supermarket_________ )

В: Yeah, its so helpful.

|



ss e q

A:これ、家から送られてきたの? いえ

A: Did you receive this from your home?

おく

B:そう。服とか食べ物とか。ありがたいよ。 ふく



(0 Nice weather A

В: Yes. It contains clothes and food. Гт very grateful for it.

もの

J

:今日はちょっと涼しいね〇

A: The weather today is a bit coole匚

すず

きょう

в :うん、ありがたい。

В: Yes, Гт grateful for this weather.

@ Borrowing an umbrella

)

A:もう1本持ってるから、これ使って。 ぼんも

A: Please use this, as I have an­ other one with me.

つか

в :ああ、ありがたいです!

B: Oh, thats very kind of you!

丿

Kind words

A:困ったときはいつでも言ってください。お手 こま



伝いしますので。 っだ

в



A: Please let me know whenever you need help. Г11 come over В: Гт happy to hear that.

:そう言ってくれるとありがたいです。

s

es

39

ofevelay

p目 h

s-e

CD-1

25

惜しかったね。

25 Oshikatta ne.



What a shame, too bad This conveys a sense of pity or regret when things don't turn out well. »lt is often used when one does not achieve a specific target such as winning a sporting match or passing an exam.

(〇"Losing a match A

)

:あーあ、あともうちょっとで勝てたんだけど か

なあ〇

A: Ah, just a bit more and we couldve won. B: Yeah, its really too bad.

в :ほんと、惜しかったね。 お

Missina a shot

A:惜しかったなヽ今のシュート! В

A: That last shot was so close!

いま



В: It was just 10cm off.

:あと10センチだったよ。 Failinq an exam

]

a:スミスさん、惜しかったね。あと5点あれば お

てん

合格だったのに。

A: Its too bad, Smith-san. You just needed 5 more points.

В: Yes... its a real shame.

ごうかく

в :はい…。残念です。 ざんねん

(0 Unabie to meet someone A

J

:森さんは?

A: Wheres Mori-san?

もり

в:さっき帰ったよ。惜しかったね。 かえ

В: He just left, Гт afraid.



Variations (®~Failing to achieve a target A

:売上目標まであと100万だったの? うりあげもくひょう

В :うん。惜しかったよ。

40

J

まん

A: We were 1 million yen short of the sales target?

В: Yeah, its too bad.

CD-1

26お互い様です。

26 Otagai-sama desu.

Likewise, don't worry about it

(A) This conveys the idea that you share your listener's position, so you can both be at ease・ (B) Otherwise, this means that the listener is in no position to speak, because he is in a similar situation as you. »lt is Used in response to apologies or expressions of gratitude. »>lt is Often preceded by clauses expressing reasons.

(0 Response to gratitude

j

A :いつもありがとうございます。 в

:いえいえ、お互い様ですよ。

(©"Response to an apology

A: Thank you.

В: Dont mention it.

J

A:ご迷惑をおかけして、すみません。 в :困ったときはお互い様ですから、気にしない

でください。

A: I'm sorry for the inconve­ nience.

B: We should help each other out, so don't worry about it.

(© At a party A

:初めて会う人ばかりだから、緊張する。

В

:それはお互い様だよ。気にすることないって 〇 В: Aren't we all! There's nothing

A: I'm a bit nervous, meeting all these people for the first time.

to worry about. Words and expressions often used with the phrase

©■

けんしゅうお

(〇"With a smaiFbuild

В: Yeah. They ran with all their might until the end.

J

A:これを全部覚えたんだ。ヘー、よくやったね。 в :でも、コツコツ覚えるのが好きなんですよ。

あした

A: I think they all did great today.



•:3

A: Aoki-san almost made it. He was so close to winning.

В: Yeah, but he did great with that small build of his.

95

!了解です。

Ryookai desu.

Got it, all right, roger Shows understanding of what someone has just said. »*Ofte n used when receivi ng a message by phone or when confirming something at work.

Note: As a reply indicating understanding, this is a somewhat clerical expression, and should gen erally be avoided whe n speaki ng to superiors. The phrase ryookaishimashita is a more polite way of saying this, and wakarimashita and shoochishimashita are even more polite.

(❶ Scheduling when to meet A:じゃ、9時に駅ね。 В :うん、了扁。

) A: Okay, so 9 oclock at the sta­ tion?

В: Sure, got 辻.

りょうかい

@ Working together ) A:じゃ、これは私がコピーしとくから、片づけ、 わたし

かた

よろしくね。

В

В: Roger.

: 了解。 りょうかい

)

(0 Being late

A:もしもし。ちよっと遅れるから、先に店に おく

さき

みせ

入ってて。

В

А: Г11 make copies of this, so you take care of the cleanup.

A: Hello? I'm going to be a little late, so go ahead and enter the store. B: All right.

: 了解。

@ Orders ) A:これ、会議室に運んどいてくれる? В : 了解です。 かいぎしつ

はこ

りょうかい

A: Can you carry this to the meeting room? В: Got it.

Related phrases

96

⑤耳承矩しました」

[Shoochi-shimasita (Very well, yes sir)]

A:じゃ、明日までに資料を用意しておいてくれる? в :承知しました。

A: So can you have those materi­ als ready by tomorrow? В: Yes sir.

CD-1

82

わかりました。

82 Wakarimashita.

Understood. 畧 QuezoП

Shows understanding of what someone has just said・

d

»*Used when replying to someone's instructions or opinions. Note: Using the phrase twice in a row such as by saying wakatta, wakatta, means "I get it, so stop telling me7

(〇 A deadline

) きんよう

ていしゅつ

Orders to dean up ) A:まず、ゴミを集めてください。 в :わかりました。

s t

:ぼくはこっちの案のほうがいいと思うんだけど。 おも

あん

:わかりました。じゃ、そうします。

(0 Getting fed up

J

:濡れた傘をこんなところに置かないで。 ぬ

害な

В: Understood.

)

⑥ An opinion

A В

В: Understood.

A: Please start by collecting the garbage.

あっ

A В

A: Please submit your report by Friday. Evacarlonand ヨ ent judg

A :レポートは金曜までに提出してくださいね。 Вわかりました。



かさ

:わかった、わかった。失礼しました。 しつれい

A: Personally, I think this pro­ posal is better.

В: Understood. Lets go with that, then.

A: Dont put your wet umbrella in a place like this.

В: Okay, okay. Sorry.

Relative phrases ⑤轿(返事ではない)わかりました」

A:昨日話した店、わかりました? В :ええ。すぐわかりましたよ。

[Wakarimashita

as a reply]

when not used

A: Were you able to find the store I talked about yesterday? В: Yes, without any trouble.

97

CD-1

く ないと貝^!1〇

3

わる

83 Wmuku门ai to omou.

おも

It's not bad. Expresses that you think something is aににeptably good・

ЕЕПП “Used when itzs hard to unequivocally call something wgood/ but still have some level of positive feelings toward it.

(0 Clothes A :どう?似合う? В :つん〇悪くないと思つ

J A: So, what do you think?

にあ

わる

包 Products

В: Well, theyre not bad. 〇

おも

3

A:この店、結構安いんだけど、品質も悪くない と思うよ。

В

В: I see.

:そうなんだ。

何 Taste_______________

A: The prices at this store are very cheap, and the quality of their products isnt bad, either.

)

A :このラーメン屋は行ったことある? B:うん。味は悪くなかったよ。

@ A popular company 』 A:超人気企業だからなあ…。受けても、むだかな。 в :チャレンジするのは悪くないと思うよ。

A: Have you been to this ramen store?

B: Yeah. The food wasnt bad.

A: Its a super-popular compa­ ny... Applying might be a waste of time. В: It wouldnt be bad to at least give it a try.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase 5「そんなに」 A:この映画、期待してたのとだいぶ違った。 B:そう? ぼくはそんなに悪くないと思ったよ。

98

[Sonnani (That much, that)]

A: That movie was nothing like I had expected.

В: Really? I didnt think it was that bad.

Request



84-92 CD-1

〜でお願いします。

4

〜de onegai-shimasu.

Please do it by〜I would like you to do it by 〜(a condition)

It is used to specify a condition when you make an order or request.

ЕДДИ •Specifies a method, a time frame, a scope, and so on.

(0 At a post offke ) A :何で送られますか。 В :航空便でお願いします。 なに

A: How would you like to send this?

おく

В: By airmail, please.

ねが

こうくうびん

(❷ At a real-estate company J A:家賃は、いくらぐらいでお考えですか。 в :7万円以内でお願いします。 やちん

かんが

まんえんいない

ねが

血 At a nair salon

A в

しめい

:田中さんでお願いします。 たなか

B: Under 70,000 yen, please.

J

:美容師のご指名はありますか。 びょうし

A: What kind of rent are you thinking about?

A: Do you have a fovorite stylist?

В: May I have Mu Tanaka, please.

ねが

* "Tanaka-san 〇 onegai-shimasu" is also another general way of saying.

(0 At a hamburger store J A :店内でお召し上がりですか。 В :テイクアウトでお願いします。 てんない





S'

A: Would you like to eat here?

§

В: No, I would like to take it out.

ねが

Words and expressions often used with the phrase 「できれば」

5

A:この資料、いつまでに作ったらいいですか。 В :できれば、今週中でお願いします。

[If possible] A: How long do I have to finish these documents? В: If possible, during this week, please.

99

、爲

CD-1

5お願いします。

85 Onegai-shimasu.

Please (do something for me), I ask you to do Shows your intentions when you want to get something or when you ask somebody to do something for you. iiMIM “In your family or close relationship, you can use more casual expressions such as ''kore, опедаГ, ''Copii, onegai ne".

(〇 When you buy something

J

A:これ、お願いします。 В:ありがとうございます。

A:I would like this, please.

В: Thank you very much.

M At a restaurant つ A:すみません、注文お願いします。 в :はい。

(©^ a taxi driver J A:すみません、駅までお願いします。 В :はい。 (0 When you ask to fill in a questionnaire __J A:すみません、アンケートにご協力お願いします。 в :あつ、いいですよ。

A request or a direction for a task J A:資料の作成、明日までにお願いします。 В :わかりました。

(Q At a doctor's office A:お願いします。 В :今日はどうされましたか。

100

A: Excuse me, I would like to order.

В: Sure.

A: Could you take me to the station? В: Yes.

A: Excuse me, could you please fill in this questionnaire?

В: Oh, sure.

A: Please finish the documents by tomorrow. В: Yes, I understand.

J A: Please help me. В: What is it today?

理 CD-1

MHi

6ご一緒して(も)いいですか。86 и いっしょ

Go-issho-shitemo // desu ka.

May I join you? An expression used to ask permission to participate in an activity that someone else is doing or about to do. »Other phrases can be used in the same sense among close friends: "Can I come too?" "Can I play?" "Is there room for me?" etc.

® Lunchtime at the workplace^) A:じゃ、お昼に行って来ます。 в :あつ、私もご­ 緒していいですか。 ひる

わたし





いま

えき

かえ

いっしょ

^Seeing an acquainta nee at a shop ) a

В: May I join you?

いっしょ

@ Leaving the workplace J A:森さんも、今お帰りですか。 в :はい。駅までご一緒してもいいですか。 もり

A: I'm going out for lunch.

:偶然ですね!ご一緒してもいいですか。

B:ええ、もちろん。どうぞ、どうぞ。

A: Are you heading home too, Mori-san? В: Yes. Shall we walk together to the station?

A: What a coincidence! May I join you?

В: Of course. Please do.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase 彳「今度」

A :私も山登りが好きなんですよ。 В :じゃ、今度ご一緒してもいいですか。

[next time]



A: I like hill climbing, too.

sx 議

В: Shall we go together some­ time?

3

Relative phrases ⑥ Eating lunch together A :私もいい? В :もちろん。 わたし

希善

A: Can I sit here too? В: Of course. Q

芽害 101

7頼みます。

お Tanomimasu.

Гт asking you. Гт relying on you. An expression used to make a forceful request that may be difficult or unwelcome・ i よdlM, »Can also be used when feeling frustrated, to ask some one to try harder to do somethi ng well.

»*Phrases such as tanomu ne, tanomuyo, and tanondayo can be used to indicate that you are relying on someone to meet your expectations.

Ex・じゃ、この件は、君に頼んだよ。 けん

きみたの

Ex. So, Гт depending on you to get this done.

® When assigning an urgent job j A:えつ? これを明日までに? В :なんとか頼みます! あした

A: What? This is due tomorrow?

В: Please. Гт relying on you.

たの

@ At the veterinarian's office 二) A:では、これから手術を行います。 В :先生、頼みます。どうか助けてやってください。 しゅじゅつおこな

せんせい

たす

たの

When reproaching a subordinate ) A:すみませんでした。次から気をつけます。 в :頼むよ、ほんとに! つぎ



たの

А: Гт ready to do the surgery

В: Please, doctor, I hope you can save my pet.

A: I apologize. I will be more careful from now on.

В: It s really important that you do!

Words and expressions often used with the phrase 4「なんとか」

a

:これを2日でやるのは無理ですよ。

В :そこをなんとか頼みます。 5

「よろしく」

А :明日のプレゼン、よろしく頼むよ。 в :はい、頑張ります!

102

[somehow] A:rLheres no way I can do this in just two days.

В: Please get it done somehow.

[please] А: Гт depending on you for the presentation tomorrow. В: I will do my best!

CD-1

88ちょっといいですか?牆爲88

ft



Do you have a little time?

(A) An expression for asking somebody if it is ok to talk with him/her, or if he/she has a moment. (B) An expression to get attention from others before saying your opinion. Ex. A is used to ask for something or to request something Ex. В is used to say a new opinion or to offer a counterargument in a meeting.

® Asking somebody to do something J A:ちょっといいですか。 в :はい。何でしょう。

A: Can I ask you something?

В: Yes, what is it?

なん

(©Calling a friend A:今、ちょっといい? В :うん。何?

]

§

as

いま

B: Sure. What is it? 雪

(0 Offer a counterargument ) A :売上が伸びないのは、やはり宣伝不足が原因のようですね。 в :ちょっといいですか。私はほかに原因がある うりあげ



せんでんぶそく

わたし

げんいん

げんいん

と思うんです。

(〇 Call your subordinate

3 sx

A: Can we talk a bit now?

J

A:田中さん、ちよっといい? в :はい。何でしょうか。 たなか

(© Passing around somebody J A:すみません、ちょっといいですか。 В ・あ、はい〇

(0 Borrowing something ) A:このはさみ、ちよっといいですか。 в :ええ、どうぞ。

A: It seems that our sales are not increasing because of the lack of advertisement as we discussed.

w sx

a:

В: May I say something? I think we have other reasons.

3» a. 代::

A: Mr. Tanaka, can I take a min­ ute?

Я

〇» '■s sx g g

В: Yes, how can I help you?

A: Excuse me, may I go around you? Fぎ

B: Yes.

a毎 -g.l 幣韻

A: May I borrow these scissors for a second?

В: Yes, please.

юз

9

ちよっと待ってください。

89



Chotto matte kudasai. Wait a moment.

(A) A request to wait a little while until some preparations or decisions are made. (B) An expression meaning that it's hard to accept something that was just said. »B: Used when you can't quite accept something that you were told or some decision that is about to be made.

(〇]n a restaurant_______

J

A:注文いいですか。 Вあつ、ちよっと待ってください。 ちゅうもん

A: May I take your order? В: Were going to need a minute.



^0 Resigning from a job J A :私、会社やめることにした〇 B:ちよっと待って。どういうこと? わたし

かいしゃ



⑥ At a bar | A:ここは田中君のおごりね。 в :え? ちよっと待ってよ。 たなかくん



(©Deciding the schedule a:じゃ、次の会議は っぎ

かいぎ

15日でいいですね。 にち



(j@TOutcome of an argument ) A:じゃ、私は行くの、やめるからね。 в:えつ、ちよっと待ってよ。 い



104

В: Hold on. Whats this about?

A: Its your treat, right, Tana­ ka-kun? В: Huh? Wait a second.

J

Вあつ、ちよっと待ってください。

わたし

A: Ive decided to resign from the company.

A: So well meet next time on the 15th, OK? B: Uh, just a second.

A: So I just wont go along. В: Hey, wait a minute.

甘 當 rp 曲岳 5tifm g

90できれは〇

Dekireba.

a

a s- d

If possible Quezon and ヨ ー rmar n co

Indicates that you want to do or have someone else do something, if possible・ EMI畑

o-

も丄

f e es-g

(〇 ヨmerU

»An expression for mildly stating your desires or requests.

(QTo a colleague

A:この仕事、今日中にやったほうがいい? В :できれば。 的 To a subordlnate

A: Ought I to get this done today? В: If possible.

) judgment

ですか。

A: Manager, should I attend the meeting today?

В: Yes, if you can make it.

в :うん。できれば。

おんせんっ

ばく

ええいか

В: Yes, if possible.

a n d attitude

まんま

A: Youre looking for a place with hot spring baths, for no more than ¥&000 per night, right?

一 wi一

@ At an electronics store J A:できれば、あと1万負けてほしいんですが。 в :うーん、それは厳しいですね。

Request

Ata travel agency ) a :温泉付きで、1泊8000円以下ですね。 B:はい、できれば。

Evacafionand

A:部長、明日の会議、私も出席したほうがいい

A: If possible, Ш like you to reduce the price by another ¥10,00〇,

きび

В: Hmm, that would be hard to do.

Relative phrases [If possible, I want...]

A:大学を卒業したら、どうするつもり? в 1できれば、海外で働きたい。

A: What do you plan to do after graduating from university?

6「できれば〜てください」

А в

Supportive response

⑸「できれば〜たい」

В: Гт hoping to work abroad if possible.

[If possible, please...]

:いつまでに出せばいいですか。

A: When does the report have to be issued by?

:できれば、金曜日までに提出してください。

В: If possible, please submit it by Friday. 105

9!悪いんだけど

舁 Warui-n-daked。

わる

I feel bad, but... も An introductory expression when placing some burden on someone or making a difficult request.

»Can also be used as an introductory expression when politely refusing.

(❶ To a friend

A:悪いんだけど、1000円貸してくれない? В :いいよ。

(0Toa subordinate A:悪いんだけど、今日ちょっと残業してくれな いかなあ。

В

A: I feel bad asking, but can you lend me ¥1,000?

В: Sure.

A: Fm sorry to ask, but could you work a little overtime today? В: Certainly.

:わかりました。

(❸ To your co-worker at a part-time job ) A:明日のバイト、代わってもらえないかなあ。 В :悪いんだけど、明日は予定があるの。 あした



わる

あした

よてい

A: Can you cover my shift for me tomorrow? В: Гт sorry, but I have plans tomorrow.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase ④ 「ちょっと」

A:ちょっと悪いんだけど、これ手伝ってもらえない? в :いいよ。

[kind of] A: I feel kind of bad asking, but can you help me with this? В: Sure.

⑤ 「急で」

[suddenly, at short notice]

А:急で悪いんだけど、今日泊めてくれない? В:えつ、いいけど…。

А: Гт sorry to ask at such short notice, but can you put me up for the night? B: Uh, sure, but...

106

Part

CD-1

questioning

なん

surpriseand

92何とかしてください。92 Please do it somehow, Please do something.

Questionand confirmation

An expression for asking to get a problem solved・ ■:

•►Carries the sense that the request does not need to be done in any certain way, or that it does not need to be completed thoroughly.

feeling



(omme and

(❶ Phoning the police______ J A:道で男が暴れてます。何とかしてください。 В :はい、すぐ行きます。 みち

おとこ

あば

なん

うご

なん

ぼく

В: Certainly, sir.

A: No matter what I do, it doesn't work. Please fix it somehow. B: Well... Гт not sure what the matter is, either.

一 W一 i and

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

[quickly, soon right]

A:早く何とかしないと、まずいんじゃない? В :そうだね。明日修理に出そう。

A: It might turn into a real prob­ lem if we dont do something about it soon.

なん

あしたしゅうり

(When you missed the deadline)

A:申し込みは昨日で締め切りましたので。 В:そこを何とかしてもらえませんか。 もう

きのう







なん

A d

s.c e

В: Lets take it to get repaired tomorrow.

and worries

⑤「そこを」



attitude

④「早く」 はや

[about that situation] A: Well, the deadline to apply was yesterday.

В: Cant you work it out for me somehow? Supportive response

Relative phrases ((6) Expressing the intent to solve a problem J A:あと一台、パソコンが足りなくて。 в :じゃ、私が何とかしましょう。

Request

⑥ When your computer stops working J A:どうやっても動かないの。何とかして。 в :うーん、僕にもよくわからないよ。

A:rIheyre awfully noisy in the room next door. Please do something about it.

judgment

なん

となり

В: We will be right there.

E -S sr n at oi n

Evacationand

¢0 Ata hotel ) A:隣がうるさいんです。何とかしてください。 в :はい、かしこまりました。

A: A man is getting violent on the street. Please do something.

2

A: We re still short one computer.

s-e o f

В: Г11 try to do something about that. 107

Parti

Wild and attitude



93700 CD-1

いいでTo (No

93

thanks)

// desu.

I'm fine.

Used to tell someone that you do not need something they have suggested to you・ 1ЭТТУП1 »Used to turn down someone's invitation or offer. “This does not include an element of respectfulness, so be careful when using this phrase around superiors. A polite form of this is kekkoo desu.

[〇 Dnnidng another cup____ j

A :コーヒーもう一杯飲む? в :いや、いい。 いつばいの

да"Giving someone a"ride J A:すごい雨だね。駅まで送ろうか。 В :バスで行くからいいよ。 あめ

おく

えき



(©"Receiving a sample

_ J

a:新製品のサンプルです。どうぞ! しんせいひん

В

:あ、いいです。

J

@ Buying clothes

A:この服、きっと似合うよ。養てみたら? В :うーん、やっぱりいいよ。

(©_Making an extension ) A:カラオケ、延長する? в:いや、もういいよ。疲れちゃった。 えんちょう

つか

108

A: Would you like another cup of coffee?

В: No, Ггп fine.

A: Look at all this rain. Would you like me to drive you to the station? В: Гт fine. Г11 go by bus.

A: This is a sample of our new product. Please feel free to take one!

В: Oh, Гт fine.

A: I bet this will look good on you. Why don't you try it on?

В: Hmm, I think I'm fine.

A: Should I extend our karaoke session?

В: No, Гт fine. Гт tired.

Part

CD-1

94遠慮しときます。

Enryo-shitokimasu.

I think I will pass.

It is used to decline an invitation or an offer politely. ・まdihd »lt Is similar to "/7e, kekkoo desu: "/7 desu", but gives a little softer impression. "shitokimasu" is a conversati on al versi on of "shite okimasu"

до declining an invitation J A :田中さんの家でまたホームパーティーするん たなか

いえ

比って。とっする?

В

В: I think I will pass this time.

:今回は遠慮しとく。 こんかい

A: I heard that they will have a party at Tanakas house again. Would you go?

えんりょ

fe Deciding a group leader j A:森さん、リーダーやりませんか。 в :私はそういうの苦手なんです。遠慮しときます。 もり

わたし

にがて

えんりょ

Declining ) A:チョコレート、食べない? В :最近太りすぎなんで、遠慮しときます。

A: M匚 Mori, would you like to be the leader? В: Гт not good at that. I will pass.

w =



В: I gained too much weight late­ ly. I will pass.

andattitude

A: Wont you have a piece of chocolate

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

[little]

④ 8■ちょっと」 A :森さんも1曲歌ってくださいよ。 В :私はちよっと遠慮しときます。

A: Mr. Mori, please sing at least one song. В: Гт sorr% but thats not for me.

[this time]

A В

A: If it is ok, would you like to go for a meal?

:よかったら食事に行きませんか。

5 0 3 ^

怎 Supporti

⑤ 「今回は」

:すみません。今回は遠慮しときます。 また誘って В: I'm sorry, but I will pass this

ください。

иf

time. Please invite me again.

109

95

恐縮です〇

Kyooshukudesu.

きょうしゅく

I'm afraid, sorry to trouble, thank you

Used to say that you are sorry for not being at the right level or in the right position. “There are two patterns in this case. (A) A set expression when a person of higher rank praises you oris kind to you. It includes a feeling of gratitude. (B) A set expression when requesting someone of higher rank like a customer to do something. It is used as "I'm sorry..." It includes a feeling of guilt. mA

is also used when being modest.

@ Being modest_________ J A

;スミスさん、ほんとに日本語が上手になったね。A: Mr Smith, your Japanese sure にほんごじょうず

В :いえいえ。恐縮です。 きょっしゅく

)

働 Requesting

A ;恐縮ですが、ここで少しお待ちいただけませ んか。

В

did improve. В: Not at all, Гт afraid.

A: Sorry to trouble you, but will you wait here for a minute? В: Sure.

:わかりました。

(❸ When a senior person pours you a drink J A:さ、もう一杯どうぞ。 В :あ、すみません。恐縮です。 し 、つばい

きょうしゅく

A: Come on, have another drink. В: Oh, Гт sorry to make you pour a drink, and thank you very much.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase ④「楓

A:大変恐縮ですが、お名前を教えていただけますか。 в :森と申します。 5「お手数をおかけして」

A:じゃ、コピーを送りましょうか。 в :お手数をおかけして恐縮です。

110

[extremely] А: Гт extremely sorry, but may I please have your name again? В: Гт Mori.

[trouble you] A: Okay then, shall I send you a copy?

В: Гт sorry to trouble you.

Part

CD-1

questioning

きょう

Surpriseand

96今日は私におごらせてください。 わたし

Kyou wa watashi ni ogorasete kudasai.

Questionand confirmation

It's my treat today, this one's on me An offer to pay a bill.

Omment and

一 ing fee

»ln addition to being used for bills for food and drink, the phrase can also be used in other situations, such as for karaoke and movie theater bills.

mxp

sr

)

A :この前おごってもらったから、今日は私にお ごらせて。

nation

(0 ...This time

A: You paid last time, so its my treat today.

в :あ、そう。じゃ。

(❷ At a karaoke parlor

)

В

:ちよっと待って。ここは私におごらせて。

ださい。

В: Hold on. This ones on me.

WiH and attitude

⑥ Let me treat you next time... J A:ごちそうさまです。今度は私におごらせてく

A: If we split the bill, it will be 1500 yen each.

A: Thank you for the meal. Let me treat you next time. B: All right.

в :そうですか。わかりました。

Advice and

Response expressions often used ④『お言葉に甘えて」

A :今日は私におごらせてください。 B:いいんですか。じゃ、お言葉に甘えて。

W H

[If you insist.]

3.e 5

A: Its my treat today.

В: Really? Well, if you insist.

Relative phrases ⑤「ここは私に払わせてください」

A :ここは私に払わせてください。 В :そうですか。じゃ、ごちそうさまです。

o-n

Request

a:じゃ、半分ずつで、一人1500円ね。

E < a c a t

and

judgment

В: Oh, okay.

[Let me pay here.] A: Let me pay here. В: Really? Thank you for the meal, then. 111

CD-1

9?気をつけます。

97 Ki 〇 tsukemasu.

Fll be more careful (in the future). An expression used to indicate that one will be cautious not to repeat a mistake. •►Used to indicate reflection or remorse.

(〇 At a library

)

A :ちゃんと決められた日までに返すようにして かえ





くださいね。 В

A: Please be sure to return your books by their due date. В: I understand. Г11 be careful.

:はい。気をつけます。 き

(❷ A warning from your boss

|

A:報告書見たけど、字の間違いが多すぎるよ。 в :すみません。気をつけます。 ほうこくしよみ



まちが

おお



fel Going home at night_____ J A:もう遅いから、気をつけて帰ってね。 в :はい、気をつけます。 き

おそ

かえ



A: I took a look at your report, and it was full of errors. В: Гт sorry. Г11 be more careful in the future.

A: Its late, so be careful on your way home. В: Okay, Г11 be careful.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase ④『これから」

[going forward]

A:ちゃんと報告してくれないと困るよ。 В :すみません。これから気をつけます。

A: Vou need to make proper reports. It creates problems when you dont.

В: Гт sorry. Г11 be more careful going forward.

⑤「今後〜ように」

A:お客さんを怒らせたらだめ。わかった? в :はい。今後こういうことがないように気をつけます。

112

[sure to... in the future] A: You cant upset the customers. Understand? В: Yes. Г11 be sure to be more careful in the future.



quesioig

結構です(NO)O

Surpriseand

98

Kekkodesu.

けっこう

No, thank you. (negative meaning) confirmation

Quesuon and

An expression to decline an invitation, an offer, a suggestion, etc. ・止 is the same as *7/desu (negative meaning)'; but a little more formal.

厂 оヨ т ent

feehg

»*/7eHor/7/e,,is often put before "kekkoo desu" in order to make the negative meaning clear.

and

ぶくろ

りょう



A: Would you like a plastic bag?

В: No, thank you. judgment

けっこう

(0 Ata first food restaurant

J)

:ご一緒にポテトもいかがですか 。 いっしょ

:いえ、結構です。

A: Would you like fries with that? В: No, thank you. Request

A В

けっこう

包 To your senior

)

ので。

[〇 To your にolleaque



A d s.c e

A: It looks hard. Should I help you?

and w om es

てつだ

けっこう

В: Thank you for asking, but I'm fine.

|

A:大変そうですね。手伝いましょうか。 B:あ' 結構です。もう終わりますから。 たいへん

A: Would you like another cup of coffee?

wi=andattitude

A :コーヒーのおかわりはいかがですか。 В :ありがとうございます。でも、もう結構です

±

o n

Evacarion and

@ In a supermarket checkout line ] A:レジ袋はご利用になりますか。 в :いえ、結構です。

~

В: No, thank you. I can finish this soon.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase A :料理がなくなりましたね。何か注文しましょうか。 В :もう結構です。おなかいっぱいです。

[(No) more] Supportive response

「もう」

(5)

A: We finished all the food. Shall we order something else?

В: No more, thank you. Гт full.

phrases

Clkheofeveryday

113

99

結構です(YeS)〇

99 Kekkodesu.

けっこう

That's fine, (affirmative meaning) An expression to tell that you think it is fine and are satisfied. »*lt is the same as"iidesu (affirmative meaning): but a little more formal. 9^"Ee"or "hai" is often put before "kekkoo desu" in order to make the affirmative meaning clear.

® With your teacher J A :資料の提出はいつですか。 В :今週中で結構ですよ。

A: When do we submit the docu­ ments?

しりょうていしゅつ

В: Any time this week is fine.

こんしゅうちゅうけっこう

⑥ At a restaurant ) A : メニューはお下げしてよろしいですか。 в :はい、結構です。 さ

A: May I take your menu?

В: Yes, please.

けっこう

(Q With your teacher 丿 A:すみません、今日、ちよっと論文を見ていた きょう

ろんぶん



だけませんか。

в

:午後なら結構ですよ。 ごご

A: Excuse me, could you please look over my research paper today? В: If its this afternoon, fine.

けっこう

Words and expressions often used with the phrase 4「これで/それで」 A:先生、これでいいですか。 в :はい、それで結構です。 ⑤「大変 I

(Content of a research paper)

A:先生、いかがですか。 в :大変結構ですよ。

114

[with this/that] A: Professor, Is this ok? В: Yes, thats fine.

[very] A: Professor, what do you think? В: This is very good.

Part questioning

Mata kondode //.

-s

riseand

こん

su

100また今度でいい。 ど

Next time is fine.

amnrmaHon

Questionand

f e e s' g

( o ie n t a n d

Next time there's a chance・ »>lt is used to refer to the//nearfuture,/ambiguously without implying a specific time. It suggests that you are not in a hurry.

こんど

おもしろ

こんどか

りてもいいですか。

в

:ええ、いつでもどうぞ。

В: Yes, sure.

A: This book was very interest­ ing. Can I borrow this again sometime?

wi=andattitude

ほん

A: It doesn't have to be now, but can I borrow your camera sometime?

Request

(j@FWith a teacher ) A:この本、とても面白かったです。また今度借

B: Next time is fine.

judgment

With a trie nd ] A:また今度でいいから、カメラ貸してくれない? か в :わかった。いいよ。

А: Гт sorry, I forgot to bring the umbrela I borrowed from you. Evaluationand

こんど

Explanation

(0 With a friend ) A:ごめん、借りた傘、持ってくるの忘れちゃった。 В :また今度でいいよ。

В: Yes, anytime.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

[I'm not in hurry]

④「急がないから」

A :この仕事、すぐやったほうがいいですか。 в :急がないから、また今度でいいですよ。

A: Should I do this work now? В: Гт not in any hurry, next time is fine.

Related phrases

А :なかなか結論が出ませんね。 В:ええ。また今度にしましょう。 けつろん

Stipponive response

[do it next time]

⑤「.. また今度にする」



A: Its hard to come to a conclu­ sion. В: Yeah. Lets try again next time.

こんど

of everyday

phrases

115

ai s-e

CD-2

101賛成。曲 さんせい

e

I agree・ ? I think so, too. I have the same thought.

d よdiMil »>lt is used for somebody's opinion or suggestion. The opposite of this \s"hantai".

Please use "~(a person, an opini on, an idea) ni sansee", not"-to sansee".

例:A:どう思う? おも В:私も彼に賛成。

Ex.) A: What do you think?

В: I agree w辻h him, too.

@ Destination for a trip ) A:今度の旅行、北海道にしない? В :いいね。賛成。 こんど

A: Why dont we go to Hokkaido for our next trip?

ほっかいどう

りょこう

B: Sounds good. I agree.

さんせい

(бГHiking ) A :そろそろお昼にしようか。 B:賛成。

A: Shall we eat lunch soon?

ひる

В: I agree.

さんせい

(©"With your colleague ] A:割り勘にして、駅までタクシーで行きませ んか。

A: Why dont we take a taxi to the station and each pay half?

B: Good idea. Lets do it.

B:賛成。そうしよう。

Words and expressions often used with the phrase [If I need to say yes or no]

4「どっちかというと」 A:田中さんはどう? в :うーん、どっちかというと賛成。

A: How about you, Mi\ Tanaka?

B: Uh, I tend to agree.

Variations

I

《5) Working style

A в 116

:結婚した後も女性が働くのって、どう思う? けっこん

あと

じよせいはたら

:ぼくは大賛成。 だいさんせい

おも

A: What do you think about wom­ en who keep working after they got married? В: Гт all for it.

CD-2

102そのままで結構です。

02 Sono mama de kekkoo desu.

けっこう

It's fine as 辻 is.

Indicates that nothing needs to be changed or added to the way something is. “Has the same meaning as sono mama de ii desu, but is slightly more formal.

(❶ At the supermarket

A В

1

:袋にお入れしますか。 ふくろ

A: Shall I bag this?



В:No, its fine as it is.

:そのままで結構です。 けっこう

⑥ Returning something to its former state J

A:机は元に戻しますか в :また使うので、そのままで結構です。 つくえもと

もど

っか

けっこう

At a fast food restaura nt J A :これはどこに捨てればいいですか。 в:あ、そのままで結構ですよ。 す

けっこう

A: Should I move this table back to where it was?

В: Г11 be using it later, so its fine as it is.

A: Where should I throw this away? В: Oh, you can leave that as it is.

!n a new place for the first time j

A :靴を脱いだほうがいいですか。 В :そのままで結構です。 くっ



けっこう

(0 Writing something again

В

:そのままで結構ですよ。

A: Should I take off my shoes before entering? В: No, youre fine as you are.



)

A:あ、名前書く場所、間違えちゃった。書き 直しましょうか。

圧 き 曲

Г A: Oh, I wrote my name in the wrong spot. Should I write it again?

В: No, thats fine as it is.

117

CD-2

ЮЗ

大丈夫です〇

Daijoobudesu.



だいじょう

It's okay. I'm all right. No problem. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• It is used when you respond to a question,/zOk, no problem/ »Not dangerous and feel safe, strong and reliable,without fail and secure ■It is sometimes used to refer to capability. »>lt is sometimes used to refuse an offer as unnecessary.

Ex. A: May I help you? B: Its ok.

@ When someone stepped on your foot on a train J a

:あ、すみません!

В

:大丈夫です。

A: Oh, excuse me!

В :Its ok.

だいじょうぶ

(§TClean water? J A:この水、飲めるんですか。 в :大丈夫ですよ。 みず

A: Is this water drinkable?



В: Yes, it is.

だいじょうぶ

(❸ Is there any train? J A:もう11時過ぎだけど、電車あるの? В :12時が終電だから大丈夫。 じす



でんしゃ

だいじょうぶ

しゅうでん

A: Its already past lib clock. Are any trains left? B: The last train detparts at 12 〇 clock. No problem.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase (4「たぶん」 A :あの店でこのカード使えるかなあ。 в :たぶん大丈夫だと思う。 つか

みせ

А В

[By now]

[•もう」

A: Have you recovered from your cold?

:風邪は治ったんですか。 かぜ

なお

В: Yes, Гт all right now.

:ええ、もう大丈夫です。 だいじょうぶ

[Now]

⑥「专は」

А В 118

В: It s probably ok.

おも

だいじょうぷ

5

[Probably] A: I wonder if I can use this card at the store.

:雨降ってないね。傘はいらないか。

A: Its not raining. We dont need an umbrella.

:今は大丈夫だけど、あとで降るかもよ。

В: We dont need it now, but we might have rain later.

あめふ

いま

かさ

たいじょうぶ



104大体でいいです。

Daitai de // desu.

だいたい

You don't have to be exact, roughly speaking

Is 〇・ fi.

Used to indicate that you only need a general outline, not exact details. HEIM »Daitai refers to a main point without details. 大体のことは聞いてます。 大体わかった。(副詞の用法)

Ex. Ive heard the general outline. I basically get the gist. (Used as an adverb)

(❶ Time | A :何時ごろ帰れそう? 大体でいいよ。 В :うーん、8時ごろかな。

A: When do you think you'll be able to come home? You don't have to be exact.

В: Hmm. Maybe around 8?

⑥ Numbers J A :チラシは何枚用意したらいいですか。 в :大体でいいよ。300とか400とか。

A: How many fliers should I have ready?

В: You don't have to be exact. Around 300 or 40〇,

⑥ Cleaning ) A :窓も拭きますか。 в :そうですね。でも、大体でいいですよ。 まど

B: Please do. Just a quick job will be fine, though.

大 A: Could you tell me what it's だい

体でいいです。

В

1=№

A: Shall I wipe the windows, too?



(©"A new course ) A:どういう内容か、教えてもらえますか。



a

about? A rough outline is fine.



В: All right.



sx

:わかりました。



g

(©_A sum of money j A:金額を教えてもらえますか。大体でいいので。 в:そうですね…2万円ぐらいですね。 きんがく

おし

だいたい

まんえん

(j@FLength ) A:正確に測ったほうがいい? в:大体でいいんじゃない? せいかく

だいたい

はか

A: Could you tell me how much it will be? You don't have to be exact. В: Well... Around 20,000 yen, I think.

A: Do I need to take a precise mea­ surement? В: I don't think you need to be exact. 119

CD-2

105ちょっと考えます。

05 Chotto kangaemasu ・

Г11 give it some thought. Used to tell someone that you will consider something, but cannot make an immediate decision・ »>You can also say "Chotto kangaesasete kudasai" (Let me give it some thought).

(!() At a store~ ___ ) A :とってもお似合いですが…。いかがでしょうか。 В :そうですね…。すみません、ちょっと考え にあ

かんが

ます。

(©"Asking for help ) A :なんとかお願いできないでしょうか。 в :うーん…ちょっと考えます。 ねが

かんが

® Invitinq a friend ) a: 2泊3日でこの値段は絶対お得だよ。ね、 か

はく

ねだんぜったいとく

一緒に行こう!

В

:確かに安いけど…。ちよっと考える。 たし

やす

かんが

A: I think it looks wonderful on you. Is it to your liking? В: Well...Sorry, I'm going to give it some thought.

A: Would you please be able to help me out?

В: Hmm... Г11 give it some thought.

A: Two nights and three days for this price is a great deal. Come on, lets go! В: Well, it is cheap... Г11 give it some thought.

Variations 《4) A speech request A

)

:今度、留学体験のスピーチをお願し、できないかA: Could I ask you to give a speech ねが

こ:どりゆうがくたいけん

なあ。

в

:私がですか!?うーん…ちよっと考えさせてく

on your study abroad experience? В: Me?! Um... Let me give it some

^ought.

わたし

ださい。

⑥ New menu item _J A:やっぱり何か新しいメニューが欲しいね。 в :わかりました。ちよつと考えてみます。 なにあたら



かんが

120

A: I would really like something new on the menu.

В: All right. Г11 give it some thought.

CD-2

106適当でいいです。

Tekitoo de ii desu.

てきとう

g

It doesnl have to be perfect・ Quesgp and co^rnwnon

An expression stating that something doesn't have to be perfect, and can be whatever meets the needs at hand in the easiest possible way. 赧・川出

fedina

oiem and

»lt could mean rough and sloppy depending on what you are talking about.



»lt implies it is not very important.



(©"Pre pa rati on tor a"par り ) A:飲み物はどうする? в:適当でいいよ。任せる。

A: What about drinks?

てきとう



もの

В: Ah, nothing special.

В: Anything is fine. You can decide.

まか

てきとう

Words and expressions often used with the phrase ⑷『〜だけだから」

[Becauseonly]

A :今、ネットで移動時間を調べますね。

A: I will check the travel time on the internet now.

В

:ちょっと甲りたい画迅、馨でいいよ。В:牆擁哦豐窓 。い

Variations

в



ひとり

:灣誉でいいんじゃない?

えん

3000史にしよう?

A: If we split the bill equally between everybody, it is 2900 yen.

B:It doesn't have to be precise, right? How about 3000 yen each?

supportive

ぜんいん

ぶ spouse

((5) Payment コ A :全員で割ると一人 2900 円だね。

wi=andattitude Ackxeandwomes

A: How do you want me to set up the chairs?

なら

a s.

Request

A :いすはどういうふうに並べますか。 в:ああ、適当でいいですよ。

judgment

Not picky

В: Good idea, but you dont have to be thorough.

Evacagn

てきとう

sr

A: Shall I clean the table?

aation

(6~It doesn't be perfect ] A :テーブル、拭きましょうか。 в:そうですね;でも、適当でいいですよ。

xp

rn

If

107

どっちでもいい。

07 Docchi demo //.

Either wa% makes no difference, whichever

It is used when a person expects the other party to decide, because he/she thinks either way is fine. »lt is used when one entrusts a decision to the other party, or when both plans are acceptable.

Notes: Since this hands over the decision making to the other party, it may seem to others that the person saying this is irresponsible.

画 Saturday or Sunday

J

A: 土曜と日曜、どっちにする?

A: Saturday or Sunday, which one do you prefer?

В

В: Either day will work for me. I dont have any plans.

どよう

にちょう

:わたし 私は特に予定ないから 、 どっちでもいい とく よてい

Bus or taxi 3 A:バスとタクシー、どっちで行こうか。

(Q

в

:どっちでもいいよ。

В: Either will do.

⑥ First name or family name ) A:名字と名前、どっちで呼んだらいいですか。 みょうじ

В

なまえ



:どっちでもいいですよ。好きなほうで。 す

@ A boy or a girl ) A :男の子と女の子、どちらが希望ですか。 в

A: Shall I call you by your first name or your family name? В: Гт fine with either. Whichever you like.

A: Which would you prefer, a boy or a girl?

;どっちでもいいですよ。 兀気[(-生まれてきてB: It doesnt make a difference げんき

くれたら。

@ Participating^or not ) A :このITのセミナーは全員参加? в:いや、どっちでもいいって。

122

A: Which one shall we use, bus or taxi?



to me, as long as the baby is healthy.

A: Does everyone have to attend this IT seminar? В: No, it looks like everyone can choose for themselves.

CD-2

08

108とりあえず「皿 For now for the time being, start with

wnmmat

o-

n

•►Used whe n maki ng an initial decisi on to cover what is at hand, with the intention of properly addressing other factors later.

Questionand

Making a decision based only on what is immediately facing you.

ЕЗЕП1



(O~Bringing money J A :旅行、いくらくらい持っていけばいいかな。 в :とりあえず3万円くらいじゃない? りょこう



まんえん

@ Ordering at"a"store ) A :ご注文は何になさいますか。 в :じゃ、とりあえずビール2本。 ちゅうもん

Ь l A: How much do you think we should bring on the trip?

E

В 订 think about 30,000 yen would be enough for now.

fi il d

A: Are you ready to order, sir?

なに

Reques*

В: Lets start w让h two beers.

ほん

にん

すく



おも

にん

よやく

@ A break ) A :この仕事、全然終わらないね。 в :うん…。とりあえず、お昼食べて、 しごと

ぜんぜんお

ひるた

と休もう?

ちょっ

A: I think at least ten people will come.

wi=andattitude

(©"Number of participants ) A :少なくとも10人は来ると思う。 в:じゃ、とりあえず10人で予約しとくね。

В: Okay. For now, let s make the reservation for ten.

A: This work is taking forever to get done.

В: Yeah... Lets get lunch and take a short break for now.

やす

@ Party preparation ) A :お皿とかコップは準備した? в :とりあえず人数分は買いました。

A: Did you get plates and cups?

В: I bought enough to give every­ one one each, for the time being.

号需 123

CD-2

109とんでもないです。

Tondemonai desu.

Absolutely not. Not at all A strong, absolute denial of a statement some one else has made. 城IM »Often used when some one is praising you.

“More polite versions include tondemo arimasen and tondemo naikoto desu.

(0 Being modest

)

A:森さん、英語がすごく上手なんだって? в :とんでもない!日常会話がちょっとでき るだけです。

Denying somethinq

A:I hear that your English is excel­ lent, Mr. Mori.

В: Not at all! I can just barely carry on a regular conversation, thats all.

J

A :私の悪口を言ってたってほんと? в:とんでもない!誰がそんなこと言ったん

A: Is it true that you were badmouthing me?

В: Not at all! Who told you that?!

だ?

(©"Being unable to throw something out | A:この本は捨てる? в:とんでもない! それ、すごく大事な本な

A: Want to throw this book out? В: Absolutely not! Thats an incred­ ibly important book.

んだから。

(O_Turninq something down ) A :何かお礼をさせてください。 B:そんな、とんでもありません。

A: Please allow me to show you my gratitude.

お礼なんて В: No, not at all. Theres no need for that.

結構です。 けっこう

(©"Passing on something

)

A:今度、講演をお願いできませんか。 в :とんでもない。私なんかにはできませんよ。 124

A: Could we ask you to give a talk next time? В: Absolutely not. Theres no way I could do that.

110念のため

10 Nen-no-tame

ねん

Just in case

To make sure even if you feel nothing is wrong・ •It is used when you want to check everything again and reduce the possibility of mistakes.

Bringing an umbrella A В

J

:念のため傘を持って行ったら?

:そうだね。

В: Tbats a good idea.

(@Givi ng a phone number J A:念のため、私の携帯番号も教えておくね。 в :ありがとう。 陌 Making copies

______

A: I will also give you my cell phone number just in case.

В: Thank you.



A:念のため、コピーをとっておきました。 в :ありがとう。 \Q Counting

A: Why dont you bring an umbrel­ la just in case?

A: I made copies just in case. В: Thank you.

J

A :人数分あるか、念のため数えておいてください。 В :わかりました。

A: Please count them to make sure that we have enough for every­ one just in case.

卷 常

В: I will do that.



5.

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

⑤Iもう一度」 A:念のため、もう一度内容をご碎認ください。 в :はい。この書類ですね。

[One more time] A: Please check it again just in case.

В: Yes. You are talking about this document, right?

写 125

CD-2

11

111

Hantai. (I'm) against it, I disagree

Expresses an inability to agree with a thought. •►Expressions with similar meaning include watashi wa ~ ni hantai desu (I'm agai nst ~) and watashi wa 〜ni han tai shimasu ("I disagree with

"Often pronounced hantaaai when spoken in a loud voice.

(❶ A proposal __________ ) A :田中さんの案についてはどう思う? В :私は反対。 あん

たなか

わたし

A: What are your thoughts on Mr. Tanakas proposal?

おも

B: I'm against it.

はんたい

M A construction plan ) A :あそこに1〇階建てのマンションが建つん た

かいだ

だって。

в

B: What? Id be totally against that.

:えー、絶対反対。 ぜったいはんたい

的 The color of a refrigerator

)

A:これは? 新しくて、値段も結構安いよ。 B:でも、黒は反対。 あたら

ねだん

けっこうやす

はんたい

くろ

(〇~A meeting time

)

A:会議、7時からにする? В :そんなに遅くから?私は反対。 かいぎ



おそ

わたしはんたい

(0 A plan to start charcung for something J| A :こういう自然公園は全部有料にすればいい しぜんこうえん

と思う。 おも

В

126

A: They say they're going to build a ten-story apartment building over there.

:ぼくは反対だな。 はんたい

ぜんぶゆうりょう

A: How about this? It's new and reasonably priced. B: It may be, but I'm against black as a color.

A: Why don't we start the meeting at 7? B: That late? Id be against that.

A: I think they should start charging for entry to all natural parks like this.

В: I disagree with that.

112

Surprise questioning

別 I J。Betsu ni.

a

g.

Not really, nothing really c o n f k m氏 a on

Questionand

Said in response to a question to say that nothing in particular is wrong・

Е5ЕЯ

fee-ing

Comment and

»A shortened form of the phrase "Betsu ni 〜nai" such as "betsu ni sou iu koto wa nai:

Ex. Be careful when using this phrase, as it can express disinterest or dissatisfaction.

置 a n a

______ )

(〇 No problems

s-n

A:大丈夫?何か問題ない? В :別に。 なに

だいじょうぶ

A: Are you all right? Are you hav­ ing any problems?

もんだい



Evacation and

側 Not hungry

j & g s e

В: Not really.

べつ

)

A:おなかすいてない? в :ううん、別に。大丈夫。

A: Are you hungry at all? В: No, not really. Гт fine.

だいじょうぶ

⑥ Nothing you want

)

なに



いま

べつ

(〇 Is this strange?

)

A:どう?変じゃない? В :別に。似合ってるよ。 にあ

(0 On the phone, callinq for no reason in particular ) A :どうしたの?何かあったの? в:別に。ちよつと話したいなと思って。 なに

はな

В: Hmm, not really right now. Thanks. A: What do you think? Doesnt it look odd?

へん

べっ

A: Is there anything you want me to get you?

wi=andattitude

A :何か買ってきてほしいものある? В :うーん、今は別に。ありがとう。

おも

В: Not really. I think it looks good on you.

A: Whats wrong? Did something happen? В: No, not really. I just felt like talking to you. response

Suppomve

everyday phrases

127

CD-2

113

別にいいんじゃない?

Betsu ni ii-n-janai?

I don't think it's a big problem・ !hat's not so bad,right?

It shows one's perspective that there is no peculiar reason to be ton cerned. ・丈diM »"Betsuni『'means "It doesn't matter, don't mind:

Warning! This expression could be interpreted as being indifferent, by how you say it.

An informal party ) A:この格好、ちよつと派手すぎるかなあ。 в :別にいいんじゃない? カジュアルなパー ティーなんだから。

(❷ It's not business ) A:初めて会うのに遅れて来るなんて 、信じら あ おく

はじ



しん

れない。

В

:別にいいんじゃない?仕事じゃないんだし。

なまえ

かんじ

□ーマ字で書くのかなあ。 じ



:別にいいんじゃない?どっちでも。

@ Shall 1 report? ) A:これは部長に報告したほうがいい? в:別にいいんじゃない?大したことじゃない から。

128

В:I think it's all right. Its a casual party anyway.

A: I cant believe hes late for our first meeting.

В: I dont think its a big problem. Were not here for business.

しごと

(❸ Chinese character or Roman Letters? ) A:名前は漢字でいいのかなあ。それとも、 В

A: Do you think this dress is too gaudy?

A: Do I write my name in Chinese characters, or in Roman letters?

В: I think no one will care either way.

A: Should I report this to our man­ ager?

В: I dont think its necessary. Its not a big deal.

-

まあ、いいか。

114

ф话

Maa, ii-ka.

gt si

Oh well. This will do. Qwsr 雪 n d

Shows that despite your doubts, dissatisfaction, or concerns about something, you have given up and decided to accept it in whole・

s-

■3畑



fee=ng

»A more casual form of this is ma, ikka.

С о т т е

»Often used when forced into passive decisions because of a lack of time, methods, or because something would be too much work.

a

g.

匹 p_ana on

(〇 On a diet, but...

)

=*

A: Want to get dinner? .

В:Гт on a diet, but... Oh well.

halationand

いいか。Ьefs go.

lgmem

A:ごはん、食べに行かない? в :ダイエットしてるんだけど…。まあ、 行こう。

В: Youre right. But oh well. Its only by a day. Lets eat it.

t

べよう。

R naq c

A: This candy is past its best by date.



@ It's not fresh but,・・ J A:このお菓子、賞味期限が切れてるよ。 в :ほんとだ。でもまあヽいいか、1日だし。

三 W and at ude

*A shoumi kigen (best by date) is the date when something should be eaten before to ensure the best taste, while a shouhi kigen (use by date) is the date when something should be eaten before to ensure its safety. However, shoumi kigen is often used to refer to the latter concept.

(©_Putting it off until tomorrow J A:あれ? 図書館行くんじゃなかったの? в:あ、忘れてた。まあ、いいか。明日行くよ。 としょかんい

わす

あしたい

@ Tty harder next time

J

きょう

かんじ



っぎ

A: Hm? Weren't you going to go to the library? В: Oh, I forgot. Oh well.Г11 go tomorrow.

A: Todays the kanji test, right?

srespoPOKWe nse

A:今日、漢字のテストだよね。 в:えつ、知らなかった!まあ、いいか。次は

H-

B: What? I didnt know! Oh well. Г11 try harder next time.

-i

頑張ろう。 がんば

heyday

phrases

129

CD-2

115任せてください。

Makasete kudasai.

まか

Leave it to me.

Used to show that you want to do something and that you can be trusted to do it. ■列 »You can use it to offer to do what has to be done. »lt can be used to show your willingness when somebody asked you to do something.

Carrying luggage ] A:ちょっと重いけど、大丈夫? В :力はあるので任せてください。

A:It is a little heavy. Are you ok?

だいじょうぶ

おも

В: Trust me, Гт strong.

ちから

(0 Teaching how to make

)

A:クッキーを作ってみたいんですが。 в :クッキーなら、任せてください。得意です。 つく

とくい

まか

側 Reading Chinese.____ ぶぶん

ちゅうごくご

阳 しooking for a restaurant

まか

J|

A:誰か、パーティーをやるお店を探してほし いんだけど。

В:あ、私、やります。任せてください。 わたし

В: This part? If it s Chinese, I can help you.

A: I want somebody to find a restaurant to have the party. В: Oh, I will do it. You can trust me.

|

A:じゃ、よろしくお願いします。 В :任せてください。 はが

130

A: I dont understand the Chinese part.

まか

值 Asking to work

まか

В: If its making cookies, let me do it. Гт good.

|

A:中国語の部分がわからなくて…。 в :これ、そう? 中国語なら任せて。 ちゅうごくご

A: I would like to make cookies.

A: I hope you will take good care of this. В: Leave it to me.

CD-2

116もういいよ。

16 Moo iiyo.

That's enough. omfimton

An expression to tell it is enough and there is no need to continue.

and

»lt is used to say you don't need any more. f e e l

(0~Can go home now

)

きょう

しつれい

В: Ok. Excuse me for leaving be­ fore you.

______ J

@ Can't eat anymore た

@ No need to think anymore

В: I had enough. I'm full.

В: Ok, that's fine. I will ask some­ body else.

attitude

:わかった、もういいよ。ほかの人に頼むから。

A: I'm very busy now...I can do it the week after next.

ー Wー i and

だけど。

J

A:いろいろ調べたんだけど、よくわからない んだよ。

в

A: Please, eat more.

J

A:今すごく忙しくて…。再来週ならできるん

(〇_No need to にheck anymore

A: I checked out various resources, but I still don't understand. В: I see...ok, that's fine, thank you.

:そうか…。じゃ、もういいよ。ありが'とう。 No need to に〇ntinue to talk

a s.

Request

A:どうぞ。もっと食べて。 в:もういいよ。おなかいっぱい。

В

judgment

さき

A:rFhank you for your hard work. Enough for today, you can go home.

EvacatioQ

A:お疲れさま。今日はもういいよ。 B:はい。じゃ、お先に失礼します。 っか

Comment and

Mlt is also used to tell somebody who is talking "that is enough:

) 决

A: About what we were talking earlier...

-B



A:さっきの話だけど…。 в :その話はもういいよ。ほかの話にしよう。

В: We don't have to continue anymore. Let's talk about something else.

131

CD-2

117

もちろんです。

17 Mochiron desu.

Of course.

It is used when a speaker takes something for granted and feels like it is not worth mentioning. ・列 »lt is used when being asked if you are going to do something, etc.

Ot course, I like it ) A:森さんもケーキ好き? в:もちろんです!特にチーズケーキ。



もり



A: Mi*. Mori, do you like cake?

В: Of course, I like cheesecake.

とく

(0 Of course, ГП join A :田中さんの送別会、 В :もちろんだよ。 たなか

参加する?

そうべっかい

(© Of course, 1 did it ) A:スミスさん、今日はちゃんと宿題はやりま したか。

в

В: Yes, of course.

A: Mr. Smith, did you do your homework today? В: Of course.

:もちろんです。

Of course, they won J A:昨日の試合、勝った? в :もちろんだよ! (j@TOf に〇urse, I bought it J A:おみやげ買った? В :もちろん。家族と、会社に。

132

A: Are you coming to Mr. Tanakas farewell party?

A: Did they win the game yester­ day?

В: Of course.

A: Did you buy some souvenirs? В: Of course, for my family and colleagues.

surpriseand q u e n iヨo ng

118私はいいです。

Watashi wa // desu.

No thanks. I am not coming. ヨ confir

Questionand

ation

An expression used when telling someone that suggestions or offers made by the other speaker are unnecessary. »lt is used when you decline an offer.

〔 〇

いっしょ

し、

べんとうも

В: No thanks. I have my lunchbox.

A: We should have another car for all 6 of us.

wi=andattitude

(©_j am not coming ) A : 6人だと、1台に全員乗れないね。 B:私はいいよ。みんなで行って来て。

A: We are going out for lunch. Would you like to join?

Request

わたし

В: No thanks. Гт not hungry.

and

しょくじ

A: Mr. Tanaka, would you like to have some cake? ヨ ent judg

@ ГdoiYt eat | A:食事に行くけど、一緒にどう? в :私はいいです。お弁当持ってきたので。

EXP-anaHon

わたし

В: I am not coming. You can go without me.

Relative phrases ④「私は〜でいい」

A :うーん…。2個ずつだと、 なあ〇

В

t and



たなか

m 9



@ Гdon't eat ) A :田中さんもケーキ食べない? в :私はいい。おなかいっぱいだから。

fee-ing

»lt is also used when you allow someone a chanee out of politeness.

[Itzs ok.] A: Well, we get two each and the 1人だけ1個になる last person can get only one. В: Its ok. Г11 just have one.

:私は1個でいいよ。

5「私は大丈夫」

А:トイレ订く? в :私はまも大丈夫。

I'm all right.]



A: Do you want to use bathroom?

В: No, Гт all right.

Everyday phrases

133

Advice and worries

parti

И19-130 CD-2

119うまくいくといいですね。

Umakuikutoiidesune.

I hope it goes well.

Expresses a desire for sueにess. JHOften used when speaki ng to some one who is facing a challenge.

»Also used concerning some action involving an organization, country, or society.

(0_First presentation '| A :この企画、明日の会議で初めてプレゼンする んです。 в :うまくいくといいですね。

(0 Wishing success to friends_

A: I heard those two have started going out. В: Oh? I hope they hit it off.

J

A:今日は、テレビで見た作り方でやってみる。 В :ヘー。うまくいくといいね。 ⑥ Before an operation

В:I hope it goes well.

)

A:あの二人、付き合い始めたんだって。 B :ヘー、うまくいくといいね。 (Q About some new approach

А:Гш giving my first presentation about this plan at the meeting tomorrow.

A: I'm going to try making it the way I saw on TV today. B: Oh? I hope that works well.

)

A

:部長の手術は明日だそうです。

A: I heard the manager is having surgery tomorrow.

В

:そうですか。うまくいくといいですね。

В: Really? I hope its a success.

(0 rrying something new

A В

:今回は思い切って新聞に広告を出すんだって。 A: She said she made up her mind :そうですか。うまくいくといいですね。

to put an ad in the paper this time.

В: Really? I hope that works out.

134

ヨ ng questき

Surpriseand

120おすすめです。

Osusume desu.

It is recommended・ ヨ atKJs confir

Questionand

An expression used to recommend something to someone.

fee-ing





(©_Asking about restaurants i A:このあたりでおすすめのお寿司屋さん、あり

A: Is there a sushi shop near here that you would recommend?

a n d attitude

в :「銀寿司」っていう店がおいしいですよ。

В: I recommend eating it raw.

W三

ますか。

A: Whats the best way to prepare this kind of fish? Request

なま

В: Lets see... I would recommend autumn.

ヨ ent judg

(0~How to prepare fish ) A :これはどうやって食べるのがおいしいですか。 в :生で食べるのがおすすめです。

A: Which season is best for visit­ ing Kyoto?

Eva-uat-onand

あき

o-

n

きせっ

Exp-anat

きょうと

В: The shop called "Ginzushi” is delicious.

Adwceandwomes

Words and expressions often used with the phrase ④・〜なら」麟

[If, in case of]

A :広島で紅葉がきれいな場所はどこですか。 В :紅葉なら、宮島がおすすめです。

A: Whats a good place to view the autumn foliage in Hiroshima?

[Today's]

response

А :何かおすすめの料理はありますか 。 в:はい。とり肉の天ぷらが、本日Qおすすめです。

В: For autumn foliage, I would recommend Miyajima. A: Is there any dish that you recommend?

В: Todays recommended dish is the chicken tempura.

everyday phrases

135

Suppomve

5「本日の」

i e m and

@ Sightseeing in Kyoto ) A :京都はどの季節がいいですか。 В :そうですね。秋がおすすめです。

〔 〇

•►Often used in phrases such as "My recommendation is ...w or "What do you recomme nd?"

CD-2

12!落ち着いて。°chitsuite-

21



as

Calm down・ An expression asking someone not to paniに・ i よdlld

»*Used to advise someone to keep calm when they are panicking in an emergency.

(〇_Your wallet ド missing

)

A 1あれ、財布がない!どうしよう! В :落ち着いて。探したらあるよ、きっと。 さいふ



さが



@ When it looks like you're going to be late J A :だめだ、もう間に合わない!あー、どうしよう! В :ちょつと落ち着いて。まだわからないよ。 ま







(© After making a mistake___ J A:しまった!請求書の金額、間違ってた! В :落ち着いて。すぐ電話して謝れば大丈夫だから。 せいきゅうしよ



でんわ



きんがく

あやま

まちが

だいじょうぶ

Words and expressions often used with the phrase ④ 「とにかく」Before going on stage in a large venue A:どうしよう。すごく緊張してる。 в :とにかく落ち着いて。呼吸をゆっくり。 a child is ill A:先生、熱が39度もあるんです! В :まあ、落ち着いてください。大丈夫ですから。

⑤ 「まあ」When



⑥ 「まあまあ」



136

В: Calm down. I'm sure it will turn up if you look for it.

A: Its no good, I wont make it in time! Oh no, what will I do? В: Calm down a bit. We dont know yet.

A: Now Ive done it! I put the wrong amount on the invoice! B: Calm down. If you call them up right away and apologize, it will be okay.

[Anywayl A: Whafll I do? I'm terribly nervous. B: Just calm down. Breathe slowly-

[Well; oh]

A: Doctor, he has a fever of 39°!

В: Oh, dont worry. Hes going to be fine.

だいじょうぶ

To someone who is angry

A :こんな会社、もう辞めるよ! в :まあまあ、落ち着いて。

A:Oh, my wallet is gone! What shall I do?!

[There, there] A: I'm going to quit my job at this company! В: There, there. Calm down.

quest

surpriseand

Kangae-sugi da yo.

o-

n_ng

122考えすぎだよ。 You're overthinking it.

=*.

ana

§firma on

An expression for telling someone that there's no need to worry so much・ 世dlM

Q u e a. o'n

•Used when you wantto help someone feel less anxious. (〇

1

ent and fee=ng

包 Concern about illness

J) ィ可か病気 A: I'm supposed to get a thorough なに

びょうき

の可能性があるのかなあ。

в

:考えすぎだよ。よくあることだよ。

(©"When a supervisor is in a bad mood J A:部長、機嫌が悪いよね。私がなんか変なこ :考盘すぎだよ。体調でも悪いんじゃない?

A: I wonder if I inconvenienced Mori-san by asking for his help. В: You're worrying too much. Morisan didn't say anything.

A:rIhe manager is in a bad mood. I wonder whether I said some­ thing I shouldn't have.

一 W一 i and a t t s c k

と亭ったかなあ。

В

rH

Request

:考えすぎだよ。森さん、何も言ってなかったよ。

В: You're overthinking it. This often happens. va-uationand

かなあ。

workup. I wonder whether I might have some disease.

ヨ ent judg

@ To someone who is worried ) A:森さんに協力をお願いしたの、迷惑だった

В

Explanation

A:精密検査をすることになったよ。

В: You're overthinking it. Maybe she's not feeling wdl.

④婕楽に」

[Relax]

A:来肓も売上が下がったらどうしよう。

A: What if sales are down again next month?

в

В: You're worrying too much. Try to be more relaxed about it.

:考えすぎですよ。もっと気楽にいきましょう。

Adv_(eanawomes

Words and expressions often used with the phrase

[Aren't you overthinking it?] A: Mori-san isn't replying at all.I wonder whether he's angry at me.



A:森さん、全然返事をくれないの。怒ってるのかなあ。 в:考えすぎなんじゃない? そのうち来るよ。

response

⑤[考えすぎなんじゃない?」

suppor ive

Related phrases

В: Aren't you overthinking it? I'm sure his reply will come in time. Everyday phrases

137

123頑張ってください。

Ganbatte kudasai.

Good luck, do your best.

An expression used to にheer someone on.

[ДПД •Used in many situations of life, in addition to work and sports.

{p To someone who will make a"presentation^) A:明日のプレゼン、頑張ってください。 в:うん。ありがとう。

Before a job interview___ J A:明日、面接なんだ。 в :そうなの?頑張ってね。

A: Good luck with the presentation tomorrow. В: Thanks.

(〇

あした

めんせっ

A: Ive got an interview tomorrow. В: Do you? Well, good luck.

がんば

To someone who will make a speech ) A:明日、友達の結婚式でスピーチをするんで あした

ともだち

けっこんしき

すよ。

в

B: Really? Knock em dead.

:そうなんですか。頑張ってください。

(0_Before a"match

|

A:じゃ、悔いのないようにね。頑張って。 в :うん。 (

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