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The Study of Factors of Insomnia

Punnawat

Wisanjarupatch

M.5/10

No.25

Deerlada

Treesuk

M.5/10

No.28

Suphansa

Welukam

M.5/10

No.35

Independent Study Phuketwittayalai School, The Secondary Educational Service Area Office Phangnga Phuket Ranong, 2021

A

The Study of Factors of Insomnia

Punnawat

Wisanjarupatch

M.5/10

No.25

Deerlada

Treesuk

M.5/10

No.28

Suphansa

Welukam

M.5/10

No.35

Independent Study Phuketwittayalai School, The Secondary Educational Service Area Office Phangnga Phuket Ranong, 2021

B IS Title Researchers

The Study of Factors of Insomnia Mr. Punnawat Wisanjarupatch Miss Deerlada Treesuk Miss Suphansa Welukam Advisor Miss Thanyamon Polput Major Programme English – Mathematics Program Academic Year 2021 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to find out the factors of insomnia. The study was conducted by M.5 students in English – Mathematics Program at Phuketwittayalai School in Phuket Province in the second semester of the 2021 academic year. One hundred sets of questionnaires have been sent to M.1-M.6 students at Phuketwittayalai School. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires. All 100 complete sets of questionnaires on 100 % of the total have been returned for data analysis by using Microsoft Excel Program through frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation. The results of the study showed that the mean scores of the studied population’s attitudes on factors of insomnia; both the overall picture and 5 subscales: stimulus, health, technology, feeling, and age were at a high level. The rank from the highest to the lowest frequencies of factors of insomnia were technology, feeling, age, stimulus, and health with the mean scores 4.25, 4.25, 3.98, 3.90 and 3.84 respectively. Key words: insomnia, factors, stimulus, health, technology, feeling, age

C ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to take this opportunity to the many individuals who have assisted us in the completion of our research. We wish to express our deep gratitude toward Miss Thanyamon Polput who guided assisted and encouraged us to do this research. We would like to give our special thanks to students at Phuketwittayalai School who completed the research questionnaires. Last but not least, we wish to acknowledge our parents for their financial support, and our friends for their moral support.

Punnawat Deerlada Suphansa

Wisanjarupatch Treesuk Welukam

D CONTENTS ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CONTENTS LISTS OF TABLES CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Title 1.2 Statement of the problem 1.3 Objective 1.4 Mind Concept 2. REVIEW of LITERATURE 2.1 Insomnia 2.2 Stimulus 2.3 Health 2.4 Technology 2.5 Feeling 2.6 age 3. METHODOLOGY 3.1 Population and Sampling procedure 3.2 Instruments 3.3 Data Collection 3.4 Statistic Tools Used 4. RESULTS 5. DISCUSSION AND RESOLUTIONS 5.1 Discussion of Findings 5.2 Resolutions REFERENCES APPENDICES

Page B C D F 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 10 10 11 12 13 17 17 18 19 20

APPENDIX A : Synthesis table APPENDIX B : The number of Population and Sample APPENDIX C : Questionnaire APPENDIX D : Graphs showing the results APPENDIX E : IS3 APPENDIX F : The pictures showing our process VITAE

E 20 20 21 21 23 24 25

F LISTS OF TABLES Lists Page Table 1.5: Mind Concept Table 4.1: Frequency of gender and level Table 4.2: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on stimulus Table 4.3: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on health Table 4.4: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on feeling Table 4.5: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on age Table 4.6: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on technology

CHARTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Title: The Study of Factors of Insomnia 2. Statement of problem Insomnia poses significant challenges to public health. It is a common condition associated with marked impairment in function and quality of life, psychiatric and physical morbidity, and accidents. Insomnia is one of the common but neglected conditions seen in family practice with long term and serious effects on the health of a patient. Family physicians have the responsibility of diagnosing and adequately treating this. Insomnia topped a list of sleep- related abnormalities, followed by snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is when breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. Mobile Phones, Late Night TV & Stress all cause insomnia. Insomnia is not restricted to people encountering stress as many believe, the gathering was told. Watching TV and using smartphones late into the night can also be factors behind difficulty in sleeping. Globally, it is estimated that there are approximately 2 billion people facing this problem. It can be found at all ages, up to 30-40% of the population. On average, it is estimated that about 19 million Thais suffer from insomnia. For many, insomnia is a persistent condition, with 74% reporting symptoms for at least one year. Persistence is more common in women, the elderly, and those with more severe insomnia. 80% symptoms will have symptoms as follows: fatigue, inability to concentrate on work, changes in memory, decreased ability to work daytime sleepy Lack of living energy accident Worried about sleep problems. We are interested in this problem because insomnia affects every aspect of our lives. Whether physically or mentally, such as causing depression, exhaustion and can affect the occurrence of various diseases later or at an older age. So, we would like to present the cause of insomnia to everyone. 3. Objective To study the most important factors of insomnia

2 4. Mind Concept 341 students from Phuketwittayalai School, 2021 Academic Year

The Study of Factors of Insomnia 1. Stimulus 2. Health 3. Technology 4. Feeling 5. Age

Title: The Study of Factors of Insomnia

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW of LITERATURE 1. Insomnia 1.1 Definition 1) People with insomnia can’t fall asleep, stay asleep or get enough restful slumber. Insomnia is a common sleep disorder. Over time, lack of sleep can lead to health problems like diabetes, hypertension, and weight gain. Behavioral and lifestyle changes can improve your rest. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and sleeping pills also help. (Cleveland Clinic, 2020) 2) Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can make it hard to fall asleep, hard to stay asleep, or cause you to wake up too early and not be able to get back to sleep. You may still feel tired when you wake up. Insomnia can sap not only your energy level and mood but also your health, work performance and quality of life. (Mayo clinic, 2016) 3) Insomnia is a type of sleep disorder. Individuals with insomnia find it difficult to fall asleep, stay asleep, or both. (Healthline, 2020) In conclusion, Insomnia is a type of sleep disorder problem. That make it difficult to fall asleep or cause you to wake up too early and unable to go back to sleep May leads to health issues such as diabetes, high blood pressure and weight gain. 1.2 Description 1) Insomnia is a problem that can be found at any age and can occur frequently according to studies, which can be found in up to 30-35% of adults. or mind Patients will have insomnia when there is ample opportunity for sleep. The effects of insomnia are physical exhaustion, headaches, mental anxiety or affect thinking, decision-making and daytime functioning. (Nonthavej, 2014) 2) Temporary insomnia is often caused by a change in circumstances and circumstances, such as excitement the night before a test or the night before a sporting event. work stress Sleeping in unfamiliar places, etc. Chronic insomnia

4 is often associated with sleep-related illnesses such as certain psychiatric disorders, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, etc. (Doctorraksa, 2014) 3) Insomnia at night that can be caused by stress or experiencing events that cause anxiety or sadness, or changes in the patient's sleeping behavior If you have had chronic insomnia for at least 3 months. (Ihealzy, 2021) In conclusion, Insomnia can occur at any age, but is more common in adults. The cause may be from stress, fatigue, or may be from diseases such as diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, etc. 2. Stimulus 2.1 Definition 1) Something that causes something else to happen, develop, or become more active. (Merriam Webster, 2021) 2) Something that causes growth, activity, or reaction. (Cambridge dictionary, 2021) 3) A stimulus is something that encourages activity in people or things. (Collins English dictionary, 2021) In conclusion, A stimulus is something that promotes activities. Of living things to be motivated to do that activity. 2.2 Description 1) The stimulus comes from environmental factors caused by noise or have disturbing lights unhealthy sleeping habits and by doing activities that result in insomnia, such as playing games, playing mobile phones before bedtime Drinking beverages with caffeine-stimulating substances, etc. (Nksleepcare, 2021) 2) Some medications and stimulants are stimulants that can cause chronic insomnia, such as diet pills, antidepressants, and bronchodilators etc. (Healthline, 2018)

5 3) Stimulus from caffeine make you feel awake. If you drink coffee in the evening, your sleep may be worse. It might make you sleepless. Nicotine will wake you up too. People who smoke may find it harder to sleep than nonsmokers. Many drugs that contain stimulants This includes diet pills, antihistamines, and asthma medications. Some nasal decongestants also contain stimulants. (SleepcenterChula, 2020) In conclusion, Stimulus from insomnia behaviors such as playing games, playing mobile phones before bedtime, drinking coffee in the evening, or taking diet pills Asthma medications, etc., light and noise also play a part. 3. Health 3.1 Definition 1) The overall condition of an organism at a given time. Soundness, especially of body or mind; freedom from disease or abnormality. (Dictionary, 2021) 2) The condition of the body or mind and the degree to which it is free from illness, or the state of being well. (Cambridge dictionary, 2021) 3) the condition or state of something. (Merriam Webster, 2021) In conclusion, Health is the overall physical and mental state of an organism without disease, having a healthy body and mind. 3.2 Description 1) Diseases and disorders in various body systems affect sleep disturbance by the disease found cause insomnia, including Parkinson's disease cause frequent waking and reduced sleep duration Asthma and COPD causing frequent waking up from breathing difficulties, etc. (WebMD, 2021) 2) Physical factors physical health or diseases such as illness Body pain, fever, sleep apnea (GERD) Or some people have a nervous system that is sensitive to interference. make it difficult to sleep. (Doctorraksa, 2017)

6 3) Physical illness such as pain, tiredness, acid reflux, the inability of the body to move normally This cause is more common in the elderly. In addition, pregnancy, menopause It also affects insomnia. (Nonthavej, 2014) In conclusion, Diseases and disorders in various body systems affect sleep disturbance by the disease found cause insomnia, including Parkinson's diseasecausing frequent waking and decreased sleep duration or illness Body pain, fever, sleep apnea in addition, pregnancy, menopause It also affects insomnia. 4. Technology 4.1 Definition 1) The methods for using scientific discoveries for practical purposes, esp. in industry. (Cambridge dictionary, 2021) 2) The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science. (Dictionary, 2021) 3) The use of science in industry, engineering, etc., to invent useful things or to solve problems. (Merriam Webster, 2021) In conclusion, Technology is the method of inventing something useful or used to solve problems and develop further will be used in science. Industrial art engineering, industry, etc. 4.2 Description 1) Unhealthy sleeping habits by doing activities that result in insomnia, such as playing games, playing mobile phones before bedtime, etc. (Nksleepcare, 2021) 2) Using electronic devices at night can also cause sleep problems. These devices emit light of the blue color wavelength. This may trick your brain into thinking it's daytime. (Knowhow, 2021)

7 3) Blue light that affects the brain as a result, most people have insomnia. wake up not refreshed Not working fully, losing concentration and at risk of obesity and heart disease caused by the blue light on the screen to inhibit insomnia. The body has accumulated symptoms gradually. (Workpointtoday, 2021) In conclusion, using electronic devices at night, such as playing games, playing on the phone before bedtime It can cause sleep problems too. These devices emit light of the blue color wavelength. This may trick your brain into thinking it's daytime. As a result, most people have insomnia. wake up not refreshed Not working fully, losing concentration. 5. Feeling 5.1 Definition 1) Emotions, especially those influenced by other people. (Cambridge dictionary, 2021) 2) The one of the basic physical senses of which the skin contains the chief end organs and of which the sensations of touch and temperature are characteristic. (Merriam Webster, 2021) 3) A feeling is an emotion, such as anger, worry, stress or happiness. (Collins English dictionary, 2021) In conclusion, Feeling is one of the physical sensations. Which is perceived with a sense of touch or that people express in their facial expressions or gestures, such as stress, happiness, etc. 5.2 Description 1) Factors causing acute insomnia in such cases Insomnia often coincides with stressful events in life, such as the loss of a loved one. being fired from work, etc. In addition, physical ailments, anxiety, depression, and psychiatric disorders also contribute to insomnia. (WebMD, 2021)

8 2) Caused by illness and mental health problems such as stress, anxiety or depression, post-traumatic stress disorder. (Nksleepcare, 2021) 3) Mental health problems such as stress, anxiety, or depression. Severe mental illness, transient insomnia is often caused by a change in circumstances and circumstances, such as the excitement of the night before an exam or the night before a sporting event. work stress sleeping in unfamiliar places, etc. Chronic insomnia is often associated with sleep-related illnesses such as psychiatric disorders. (Doctorraksa, 2017) In conclusion, Mental health problems such as stress, anxiety, or depression. Severe mental illness, transient insomnia is often caused by a change in circumstances and circumstances, such as the excitement of the night before exams or the night before a sporting event, stress, or loss of a person. love It was also found that physical illness anxiety Depression and psychiatric disorders also affect insomnia. 6. Age 6.1 Definition 1) The period someone has been alive, or something has existed. (Cambridge dictionary, 2021) 2) One of the stages of life. (Merriam Webster, 2021) 3) A period of human life, measured by years from birth, usually marked by a certain stage or degree of mental or physical development and involving legal responsibility and capacity. (Dictionary, 2021) In conclusion, Age is the period of human life beginning from birth to death. It is an indication of the development of each age. 6.2 Description 1) With age, the structure of sleep changes. This is because there is a decrease in neurons in the brain that influence the formation of delta waves, the brain waves that represent deep sleep-in phases 3 and 4 of NREM or is caused by the

9 degeneration of the nervous system that controls the biological rhythm that controls sleep (circadian rhythm). Having a reduced deep sleep period makes it easier for the elderly to wake up from various stimuli. The most common type of insomnia in the elderly is the type that wakes up in the middle of the night and then becomes more difficult to fall asleep than other types. However, to conclude that older age is a risk factor for insomnia. (WebMD, 2021) 2) People over 60 years of age the body began to deteriorate. Sleep patterns have changed. Therefore, there are often problems with insomnia. (Doctorraksa, 2017) 3) Older people have shorter hours of sleep. Because the body can produce less substances that help sleep. (Nksleepcare, 2021) In conclusion, as people age or those over 60 years of age, the structure of sleep changes due to a decrease in neurons in the brain that influence the formation of delta waves, the brain waves that show. to deep sleep-in stages 3 and 4 of NREM or is caused by the degeneration of the nervous system that regulates the biological rhythms that control sleep.

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 1.Population and Sampling Procedure 1. Search the number of populations at Phuketwittayalai School from http://www.pkw.ac.th. 2. Divide 3,033 students by gender and level. 3. There are 550 people of M.1 students, 527 people of M.2 students, 485 people of M.3 students, 489 people of M.4 students, 527 people of M.5 students and 510 people of M.6 students. 4. Divide population to sample by using Krejci and Morgan table. 5. The population is 3,033 and the sample is 341. 6. Divide the sample by gender. There are 188 males and 153 females. 7. Divide the sample by level: M.1, M.2, M.3, M.4, M.5 and M.6 students. There are 62 people of M.1 students, 59 people of M.2 students, 55 people of M.3 students, 55 people of M.4 students, 53 people of M.5 students and 57 people of M.6 students. 2.Instruments: Questionnaire Title: The Study of Factors of Insomnia. Part 1: There are 2 variables in part 1: gender and level Part 2: There are 5 factors in part 2. Stimulus There are 3 items in stimulus. 1. Drinks containing caffeine, nicotine and alcohol can result in insomnia. 2. Weight loss pills and Bronchodilator’s antidepressants are what cause insomnia. 3. Do bed roommates' sleep behaviors, such as snoring, sleepwalking, or sleep environments such as noise, light, and temperature affect insomnia. Health There are 3 items in health.

11 1. If getting less sleep or insomnia affects coronary heart disease, diabetes, immunity will be low. 2. Sleep disturbances come from stomach pain from increased acid secretion. 3. Pain, tiredness, and pregnancy menopause affects insomnia. Feeling There are 2 items in feeling. 1. Do you have feelings of confusion, stress, anxiety that prevent you from sleeping. 2. Before going to bed, you should not have too much stress and anxiety. Age There are 2 items in age. 1. Older age affects more insomnia. 2. Most of the elderly people have trouble sleeping more than other ages. Technology There are 1 item in technology 1. Playing with your phone before bed can make it difficult for you to fall asleep because the screen's light disturbs your eyesight. 3. Data Collection 1. Hand out the questionnaires on August 25th, 2021 at Phuketwittayalai School and collect the questionnaires by ourselves. 2. Send the questionnaires to six sample groups of people: M.1, M.2, M.3, M.4, M.5 and M.6 students. - The sample for M.2 students’ population is 48: 28 males and 20 females. - The sample for M.2 students’ population is 59: 34 males and 25 females. - The sample for M.3 students’ population is 55: 31 males and 24 females. - The sample for M.4 students’ population is 55: 28 males and 27

12 females. - The sample for M.5 students’ population is 53: 28 males and 25 females. - The sample for M.6 students’ population is 57: 32 males and 25 females. 4. Statistic Tools Used 1. Percentage 2. Mean 3. Standard deviation

CHAPTER 4 RESULTS This chapter presents and discusses findings about The Study of Factors of Insomnia, the difference in attitudes between the two groups: gender and level. Table 4.1: Frequency of gender and level Students’ Level Male Female Total Frequency Percent Frequency Percent Frequency Percent M.1 35 10.26 27 7.92 62 18.18 M.2 34 9.97 25 7.33 59 17.30 M.3 31 9.09 24 7.04 55 16.13 M.4 28 8.21 27 7.92 55 16.13 M.5 28 8.21 25 7.33 53 15.54 M.6 32 9.39 25 7.33 57 16.72 Total 188 55.13 153 44.87 341 100 As table 4.1, the samples include males and females: 55.13 % (n = 188) and 44.87 % (n = 153) respectively. The samples include M.1, M.2, M.3, M.4, M.5, and M.6: 18.18% (n =62), 17.30% (n = 59), 17.30% (n = 55), 16.13% (n = 55), 16.13% (n = 53), and 16.72% (n = 57) respectively. Table 4.2: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on stimulus ̅ 𝒙 Topic S.D. Meaning Ranking 1. Drinks containing caffeine, nicotine and alcohol 4.08 .007 High 1 can result in insomnia. 2. Weight loss pills and antidepressants 3.61 .148 High 3 Bronchodilators are what cause insomnia. 3. Do bed roommates' sleep behaviors, such as snoring, sleepwalking, or sleep environments such as 4.00 .030 High 2 noise, light, and temperature affect insomnia. Total 3.90 .083 High

14 The study of factors of insomnia focused on stimulus is generally in high level, ranking from the highest to the lowest are “Drinks containing caffeine, nicotine and alcohol can result in insomnia.”, “Weight loss pills and antidepressants Bronchodilators are what cause insomnia.” and “Do bed roommates' sleep behaviors, such as snoring, sleepwalking, or sleep environments such as noise, light, and temperature affect insomnia.” The mean scores are at 4.08, 3.61, and 4.00 respectively. Table 4.3: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on health ̅ 𝒙 Topic S.D. Meaning Ranking 1. If getting less sleep or insomnia affects coronary 3.79 .142 High 2 heart disease, diabetes, immunity will be low. 2. Sleep disturbances come from stomach pain from 3.39 .070 High 3 increased acid secretion. 3. Pain, tiredness, and pregnancy menopause affects 3.8 .192 High 1 insomnia. Total 3.84 .138 High The study of factors of insomnia focused on health is generally in high level, ranking from the highest to the lowest are “If getting less sleep or insomnia affects coronary heart disease, diabetes, immunity will be low.”, “Sleep disturbances come from stomach pain from increased acid secretion.” and “Pain, tiredness, and pregnancy menopause affects insomnia.” The mean scores are at 3.79, 3.39, and 3.8 respectively.

15 Table 4.4: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on feeling ̅ 𝒙 Topic S.D. Meaning Ranking 1. Do you have feelings of confusion, stress, anxiety 4.08 .083 High 2 that prevent you from sleeping. 2. Before going to bed, you should not have too much 4.42 .862 High 1 stress and anxiety. Total 4.25 .994 High The study of factors of insomnia focused on feeling is generally in high level, ranking from the highest to the lowest are “Do you have feelings of confusion, stress, anxiety that prevent you from sleeping.” and “Before going to bed, you should not have too much stress and anxiety.” The mean scores are at 4.08 and 4.42 respectively. Table 4.5: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on age ̅ 𝒙 Topic S.D. Meaning Ranking 1. Older age affects more insomnia. 4.03 .014 High 1 2. Most of the elderly people have trouble sleeping 3.93 .142 High 2 more than other ages. Total 3.98 .081 High The study of factors of insomnia focused on age is generally in high level, ranking from the highest to the lowest are “Older age affects more insomnia.” and “Most of the elderly people have trouble sleeping more than other ages.” The mean scores are at 4.03 and 3.93 respectively.

16 Table 4.6: Mean and standard deviation of the study of factors of insomnia focused on technology ̅ 𝒙 Topic S.D. Meaning Ranking 1. Playing with your phone before bed can make it 4.25 .023 High 1 difficult for you to fall asleep because the screen's light disturbs your eyesight. Total 4.25 .023 High The study of factors of insomnia focused on technology is generally in high level, ranking from the highest to the lowest are “Playing with your phone before bed can make it difficult for you to fall asleep because the screen's light disturbs your eyesight.” The mean scores are at 4.25 respectively.

CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION AND RESOLUTION This chapter presents the discussions of the findings, and the resolutions of the Disease of Imposter syndrome 5.1 Discussion of findings Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can make it hard to fall asleep, hard to stay asleep, or cause you to wake up too early and not be able to get back to sleep. You may still feel tired when you wake up. Insomnia can sap not only your energy level and mood but also your health, work performance and quality of life. At some point, many adults experience short-term insomnia, which lasts for days or weeks. It's usually the result of stress or a traumatic event. But some people have long-term insomnia that lasts for a month or more. Insomnia may be the primary problem, or it may be associated with other medical conditions or medications. insomnia can cause daytime sleepiness and a lack of energy. It also can make you feel anxious, depressed, or irritable. You may have trouble focusing on tasks, paying attention, learning, and remembering. Insomnia also can cause other serious problems. For example, it could make you may feel drowsy while driving. This could cause you get into a car accident. For many people, the symptoms of insomnia interfere with personal relationships, job performance, and daily functioning. People with insomnia may have a small reduction in memory and problem solving compared with people without insomnia. However, they seem to have similar abilities on tests of general cognitive function, perception, verbal ability, attention, and complex thinking. People who are awake at night commonly become concerned that they will poorly perform the next day if they do not sleep enough. Such thoughts can initiate a cycle where being awake at night increases your anxiety, which then makes it more difficult to sleep. 5.2 Resolution Based on the finding, the resolutions for the problem of insomnia can be suggested as follows. 1. There are a number of relaxation therapies and stress reduction methods you may want to try to relax the mind and the body before going to bed. Examples include

18 progressive muscle relaxation, deep breathing techniques, imagery, meditation, and biofeedback. 2. Cognitive therapy helps some people with insomnia identify and correct inappropriate thoughts and beliefs that may contribute to insomnia. In addition, cognitive therapy can give you the proper information about sleep norms, age-related sleep changes, and help set reasonable sleep goals, among other things. 3. Regular exercise can improve sleep quality and duration. However, exercising immediately before bedtime can have a stimulant effect on the body and should be avoided. Try to finish exercising at least three hours before you plan to retire for the night.

References 1.Donnaya Superwetting. (2019). Thai health. Retrieved from https://www.thaihealth.or.th/Content/46530%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9 %88%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E 0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%86%20%E0%B9%81%E0%B 8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%9C%E 0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B 4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B6%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B 9%88%E0%B8%B2.html (7th July 2021) 2.สุดารัตน์ ชัยอาจ.(2005). Thai Jo. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/userd/Downloads/2241-Article%20Text-4724-1-1020120822.pdf (7th July 2021) 3.สิริชัย กิตติชาญธีระ. (2018). Nonthavej Hospital. Retrieved from https://www.nonthavej.co.th/Insomnia-2.php (7th July 2021)

APPENDICES • Synthesis Table

• The number of Population and Sample

21 • Questionnaire

• Graphs showing the results

22

23 • IS3

24 • The pictures showing our process

• Group member

VITAE Name: Date of Birth: Place of Birth: Primary School: Lower Secondary School: Upper Secondary School:

Punnawat Wisanjarupatch 30/12/04 Phuket Province Anubanphuket School Plukpunya Municipality School Phuketwittayalai School

Name: Date of Birth: Place of Birth: Primary School: Lower Secondary School: Upper Secondary School:

Deerlada Treesuk 19/01/04 Phuket Province Muang Phuket Municipal School Phuketwittayalai School Phuketwittayalai School

Name: Date of Birth: Place of Birth: Primary School: Lower Secondary School: Upper Secondary School:

Suphansa Welukam 11/06/05 Phuket Province Kajonkietsuksa School Phuketwittayalai School Phuketwittayalai School

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