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Nervous System & Senses - Florida International University Flipbook PDF
Nervous System & Senses Lab Learning Objectives: Students should be able to: 3.1 The Mammalian Brain 1. Identify the
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Nervous System & Senses Lab Learning Objectives: Students should be able to: 3.1 The Mammalian Brain 1. Identify the basic structures of the brain and state the functions of each part. 3.2 Spinal Nerves and Spinal Cord 1. Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord. 2. Describe sensory, inter and motor neurons and the spinal reflex arc. 3.3 The Human Eye. 1. Identify parts of the eye and state a function for each part. 2. Explain the presence of a “blind spot”. 3.4 The Human Ear 1. Identify the parts of the ear, and state a function for each part. 3.5 Sensory receptors in Human Skin 1. Describe the anatomy of the human skin, including the distribution and function of sensory receptors. 2. Relate the abundance of touch receptors to the ability to distinguish two different touch points. 3.6 Human Chemoreceptors 1. Relate the ability to distinguish tastes to the distribution of taste receptors on the human tongue. 2. Relate the ability to distinguish foods to the sense of smell and taste. Prepare for Brain Dissection You should be wearing your goggles, lab coat, and gloves during this exercise. Dissecting tools should be handled properly and in a responsible manner. LAB HYGIENE IS VERY IMPORTANT DURING THIS EXPERIMENT. 1. Gather the necessary dissection equipment: - Dissecting pan - Scissors - Pins - Scalpel - Pointer - Tweezers 2. Select a heart for your group and place it in your dissection pan. 3. Before you begin the next task, your TA will check that you have the proper equipment and are prepared for the brain dissection. Do not go on without your TAs permission. Task 1. The Mammalian Brain 1. Read “Introduction” (pg.165) and section “13.1 The Mammalian Brain” (pg. 166 and 168). Use the sheep brain to identify the structures listed in Figure
“13.2 The sheep brain” (pg. 167). 2. Quiz each other on the function of each structure until every member of your group has a clear understanding.
Clean-up 1. Discard the sheep’s brain (Biohazard trash can). Clean and store your dissection equipment. 2. Wipe out your pan with a paper towel and put the remains in the regular trash. 3. Wash the pan in the sink. There should be no material left on the pan to clog the sink. 4. Clean the dissecting tools with soap, and then squirt them with ethanol. Wipe off the tools and leave them on a towel to dry. 5. Dry the pan and clean your lab table off with ethanol and paper towels. 3. Label Figure “13.3 The human brain (longitudinal section)” (pg. 168) where requested. 4. Obtain a human brain model and, with the help of Figure “13.3 The human brain (longitudinal section)”, repeat step 2. 5. Complete Table “13.1 Summary of Brain Functions” (pg. 169). 6. Answer questions 1-4 (pg. 169). 7. Answer “Laboratory Review” questions 1-3 (pg. 180). Do not continue until your TA checks your progress. Task 2: Spinal Nerves, Spinal Cord, and Spinal Reflexes 1. Read “Spinal Nerves” and described the pathway asked (pg. 169) (Hint: observe Figure “13.4 Spinal nerves and spinal cord” pg. 170). 2. Perform “Observation: The Spinal Cord” (pg. 170). Your TA will show you a cross section of the spinal cord. Make sure you are able to identify gray matter and white matter (pg. 170). 3. Read “Spinal Reflexes” (pg. 171). 4. Perform “Experimental Procedure: Spinal Reflex” (pg. 171). Answer question 3 (pg. 171). 5. Answer “Laboratory Review” questions 4-6 (pg. 180).
Do not continue until your TA checks your progress. Task 3: The Human Eye 1. Read section “13.3 The Human Eye” (pg. 172). 2. Complete “Observation: The Human Eye" (pg.172). (Hint: observe Figure “13.7 anatomy of the human eye” pg. 173). 3. Read “The Blind Spot of the Eye” and perform “Experimental Procedure: Blind Spot of the Eye" (pg.173) to recognize that your eye has a blind spot. - What IS actually the blind spot, in your own words?__________________ ________________________________________________________________ 4. Read “Accommodation of the Eye” and perform “Experimental Procedure: Accommodation of the Eye" (pg. 174). 5. Answer “Laboratory Review” questions 8-10 (pg. 180). Do not continue until your TA checks your progress. Task 4: The Human Ear 1. Read section “13.4 The Human Ear” (pg. 175). 2. Familiarize yourself with the parts of the human ear Table “13.4 Parts of the Human Ear” (pg.176), make sure you can identify the structures in Figure “13.10 Anatomy of the human ear” (pg. 175). 3. Complete “Experimental Procedure: Locating Sound" (pg. 176). 4. Answer “Laboratory Review” questions 11-13 (pg. 180). Do not continue until your TA checks your progress. Task 5: Sensory Receptors in Human Skin 1. Looking at the picture below, what layer contains sensory receptors? ____________________.
(Sylvia S. Mader. 2008. Infectious Diseases and Immunology In: Human Biology Laboratory Manual, 10th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill) 2. Read section “13.5 Sensory Receptors in Human Skin” (pg. 177). 3. Complete “Experimental procedure: Sense of Touch" (pg. 177). 4. Complete “Experimental procedure: Sense of Heat and Cold" (pg. 177). 5. Answer “Laboratory Review” questions 14-16 (pg. 180). Do not continue until your TA checks your progress. Task 6: Human Chemoreceptors 1. Read section “13.6 Human Chemoreceptors” (pg. 178). 2. Complete “Experimental Procedure: Sense of Taste" (pg. 178). 3. Complete "Taste and Smell" (pg. 179). Fill in Table “13.5 Taste and Smell Experiment” and answer “Conclusions: Sense of Taste and Smell” questions. 4. Answer “Laboratory Review” question 17 (pg. 180). Task 7: HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 1. Answer “Thought Questions” 20 and 21 (pg. 180).
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